Book 13 Chapter 112 | |
1 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
1 | pitāmaha mahābāho sarvaśāstraviśārada
śrotum icchāmi martyānāṃ saṃsāravidhim uttamam |
2 | kena vṛttena rājendra vartamānā narā yudhi
prāpnuvanty uttamaṃ svargaṃ kathaṃ ca narakaṃ nṛpa |
3 | mṛtaṃ śarīram utsṛjya kāṣṭhaloṣṭasamaṃ janāḥ
prayānty amuṃ lokam itaḥ ko vai tān anugacchati |
4 | bhīṣma uvāca |
4 | asāv āyāti bhagavān bṛhaspatir udāradhīḥ
pṛcchainaṃ sumahābhāgam etad guhyaṃ sanātanam |
5 | naitad anyena śakyaṃ hi vaktuṃ kena cid adya vai
vaktā bṛhaspatisamo na hy anyo vidyate kva cit |
6 | vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca |
6 | tayoḥ saṃvadator evaṃ pārthagāṅgeyayos tadā
ājagāma viśuddhātmā bhagavān sa bṛhaspatiḥ |
7 | tato rājā samutthāya dhṛtarāṣṭrapurogamaḥ
pūjām anupamāṃ cakre sarve te ca sabhāsadaḥ |
8 | tato dharmasuto rājā bhagavantaṃ bṛhaspatim
upagamya yathānyāyaṃ praśnaṃ papraccha suvrataḥ |
9 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
9 | bhagavan sarvadharmajña sarvaśāstraviśārada
martyasya kaḥ sahāyo vai pitā mātā suto guruḥ |
10 | mṛtaṃ śarīram utsṛjya kāṣṭhaloṣṭasamaṃ janāḥ
gacchanty amutralokaṃ vai ka enam anugacchati |
11 | bṛhaspatir uvāca |
11 | ekaḥ prasūto rājendra jantur eko vinaśyati
ekas tarati durgāṇi gacchaty ekaś ca durgatim |
12 | asahāyaḥ pitā mātā tathā bhrātā suto guruḥ
jñātisaṃbandhivargaś ca mitravargas tathaiva ca |
13 | mṛtaṃ śarīram utsṛjya kāṣṭhaloṣṭasamaṃ janāḥ
muhūrtam upatiṣṭhanti tato yānti parāṅmukhāḥ tais tac charīram utsṛṣṭaṃ dharma eko 'nugacchati |
14 | tasmād dharmaḥ sahāyārthe sevitavyaḥ sadā nṛbhiḥ
prāṇī dharmasamāyukto gacchate svargatiṃ parām tathaivādharmasaṃyukto narakāyopapadyate |
15 | tasmān nyāyāgatair arthair dharmaṃ seveta paṇḍitaḥ
dharma eko manuṣyāṇāṃ sahāyaḥ pāralaukikaḥ |
16 | lobhān mohād anukrośād bhayād vāpy abahuśrutaḥ
naraḥ karoty akāryāṇi parārthe lobhamohitaḥ |
17 | dharmaś cārthaś ca kāmaś ca tritayaṃ jīvite phalam
etat trayam avāptavyam adharmaparivarjitam |
18 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
18 | śrutaṃ bhagavato vākyaṃ dharmayuktaṃ paraṃ hitam
śarīravicayaṃ jñātuṃ buddhis tu mama jāyate |
19 | mṛtaṃ śarīrarahitaṃ sūkṣmam avyaktatāṃ gatam
acakṣurviṣayaṃ prāptaṃ kathaṃ dharmo 'nugacchati |
20 | bṛhaspatir uvāca |
20 | pṛthivī vāyur ākāśam āpo jyotiś ca pañcamam
buddhir ātmā ca sahitā dharmaṃ paśyanti nityadā |
21 | prāṇinām iha sarveṣāṃ sākṣibhūtāni cāniśam
etaiś ca sa ha dharmo 'pi taṃ jīvam anugacchati |
22 | tvagasthimāṃsaṃ śukraṃ ca śoṇitaṃ ca mahāmate
śarīraṃ varjayanty ete jīvitena vivarjitam |
23 | tato dharmasamāyuktaḥ sa jīvaḥ sukham edhate
iha loke pare caiva kiṃ bhūyaḥ kathayāmi te |
24 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
24 | anudarśitaṃ bhagavatā yathā dharmo 'nugacchati
etat tu jñātum icchāmi kathaṃ retaḥ pravartate |
25 | bṛhaspatir uvāca |
25 | annam aśnanti ye devāḥ śarīrasthā nareśvara
pṛthivī vāyur ākāśam āpo jyotir manas tathā |
26 | tatas tṛpteṣu rājendra teṣu bhūteṣu pañcasu
manaḥṣaṣṭheṣu śuddhātman retaḥ saṃpadyate mahat |
27 | tato garbhaḥ saṃbhavati strīpuṃsoḥ pārtha saṃgame
etat te sarvam ākhyātaṃ kiṃ bhūyaḥ śrotum icchasi |
28 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
28 | ākhyātam etad bhavatā garbhaḥ saṃjāyate yathā
yathā jātas tu puruṣaḥ prapadyati tad ucyatām |
29 | bṛhaspatir uvāca |
29 | āsannamātraḥ satataṃ tair bhūtair abhibhūyate
vipramuktaś ca tair bhūtaiḥ punar yāty aparāṃ gatim sa tu bhūtasamāyuktaḥ prāpnute jīva eva ha |
30 | tato 'sya karma paśyanti śubhaṃ vā yadi vāśubham
devatāḥ pañcabhūtasthāḥ kiṃ bhūyaḥ śrotum icchasi |
31 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
31 | tvagasthimāṃsam utsṛjya taiś ca bhūtair vivarjitaḥ
jīvaḥ sa bhagavan kvasthaḥ sukhaduḥkhe samaśnute |
32 | bṛhaspatir uvāca |
32 | jīvo dharmasamāyuktaḥ śīghraṃ retastvam āgataḥ
strīṇāṃ puṣpaṃ samāsādya sūte kālena bhārata |
33 | yamasya puruṣaiḥ kleśaṃ yamasya puruṣair vadham
duḥkhaṃ saṃsāracakraṃ ca naraḥ kleśaṃ ca vindati |
34 | ihaloke ca sa prāṇī janmaprabhṛti pārthiva
svakṛtaṃ karma vai bhuṅkte dharmasya phalam āśritaḥ |
35 | yadi dharmaṃ yathāśakti janmaprabhṛti sevate
tataḥ sa puruṣo bhūtvā sevate nityadā sukham |
36 | athāntarā tu dharmasya adharmam upasevate
sukhasyānantaraṃ duḥkhaṃ sa jīvo 'py adhigacchati |
37 | adharmeṇa samāyukto yamasya viṣayaṃ gataḥ
mahad duḥkhaṃ samāsādya tiryagyonau prajāyate |
38 | karmaṇā yena yeneha yasyāṃ yonau prajāyate
jīvo mohasamāyuktas tan me nigadataḥ śṛṇu |
39 | yad etad ucyate śāstre setihāse sacchandasi
yamasya viṣayaṃ ghoraṃ martyo lokaḥ prapadyate |
40 | adhītya caturo vedān dvijo mohasamanvitaḥ
patitāt pratigṛhyātha kharayonau prajāyate |
41 | kharo jīvati varṣāṇi daśa pañca ca bhārata
kharo mṛto balīvardaḥ sapta varṣāṇi jīvati |
42 | balīvardo mṛtaś cāpi jāyate brahmarākṣasaḥ
brahmarakṣas tu trīn māsāṃs tato jāyati brāhmaṇaḥ |
43 | patitaṃ yājayitvā tu kṛmiyonau prajāyate
tatra jīvati varṣāṇi daśa pañca ca bhārata |
44 | kṛmibhāvāt pramuktas tu tato jāyati gardabhaḥ
gardabhaḥ pañca varṣāṇi pañca varṣāṇi sūkaraḥ śvā varṣam ekaṃ bhavati tato jāyati mānavaḥ |
45 | upādhyāyasya yaḥ pāpaṃ śiṣyaḥ kuryād abuddhimān
sa jīva iha saṃsārāṃs trīn āpnoti na saṃśayaḥ |
46 | prāk śvā bhavati rājendra tataḥ kravyāt tataḥ kharaḥ
tataḥ pretaḥ parikliṣṭaḥ paścāj jāyati brāhmaṇaḥ |
47 | manasāpi guror bhāryāṃ yaḥ śiṣyo yāti pāpakṛt
so 'dhamān yāti saṃsārān adharmeṇeha cetasā |
48 | śvayonau tu sa saṃbhūtas trīṇi varṣāṇi jīvati
tatrāpi nidhanaṃ prāptaḥ kṛmiyonau prajāyate |
49 | kṛmibhāvam anuprāpto varṣam ekaṃ sa jīvati
tatas tu nidhanaṃ prāpya brahmayonau prajāyate |
50 | yadi putrasamaṃ śiṣyaṃ gurur hanyād akāraṇe
ātmanaḥ kāmakāreṇa so 'pi haṃsaḥ prajāyate |
51 | pitaraṃ mātaraṃ vāpi yas tu putro 'vamanyate
so 'pi rājan mṛto jantuḥ pūrvaṃ jāyati gardabhaḥ |
52 | kharo jīvati māsāṃs tu daśa śvā ca caturdaśa
biḍālaḥ sapta māsāṃs tu tato jāyati mānavaḥ |
53 | mātāpitaram ākruśya sārikaḥ saṃprajāyate
tāḍayitvā tu tāv eva jāyate kacchapo nṛpa |
54 | kacchapo daśa varṣāṇi trīṇi varṣāṇi śalyakaḥ
vyālo bhūtvā tu ṣaṇ māsāṃs tato jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
55 | bhartṛpiṇḍam upāśnan yo rājadviṣṭāni sevate
so 'pi mohasamāpanno mṛto jāyati vānaraḥ |
56 | vānaro daśa varṣāṇi trīṇi varṣāṇi mūṣakaḥ
śvā bhūtvā cātha ṣaṇ māsāṃs tato jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
57 | nyāsāpahartā tu naro yamasya viṣayaṃ gataḥ
saṃsārāṇāṃ śataṃ gatvā kṛmiyonau prajāyate |
58 | tatra jīvati varṣāṇi daśa pañca ca bhārata
duṣkṛtasya kṣayaṃ gatvā tato jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
59 | asūyako naraś cāpi mṛto jāyati śārṅgakaḥ
viśvāsahartā tu naro mīno jāyati durmatiḥ |
60 | bhūtvā mīno 'ṣṭa varṣāṇi mṛgo jāyati bhārata
mṛgas tu caturo māsāṃs tataś chāgaḥ prajāyate |
61 | chāgas tu nidhanaṃ prāpya pūrṇe saṃvatsare tataḥ
kīṭaḥ saṃjāyate jantus tato jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
62 | dhānyān yavāṃs tilān māṣān kulatthān sarṣapāṃś caṇān
kalāyān atha mudgāṃś ca godhūmān atasīs tathā |
63 | sasyasyānyasya hartā ca mohāj jantur acetanaḥ
sa jāyate mahārāja mūṣako nirapatrapaḥ |
64 | tataḥ pretya mahārāja punar jāyati sūkaraḥ
sūkaro jātamātras tu rogeṇa mriyate nṛpa |
65 | śvā tato jāyate mūḍhaḥ karmaṇā tena pārthiva
śvā bhūtvā pañca varṣāṇi tato jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
66 | paradārābhimarśaṃ tu kṛtvā jāyati vai vṛkaḥ
śvā sṛgālas tato gṛdhro vyālaḥ kaṅko bakas tathā |
67 | bhrātur bhāryāṃ tu durbuddhir yo dharṣayati mohitaḥ
puṃskokilatvam āpnoti so 'pi saṃvatsaraṃ nṛpa |
68 | sakhibhāryāṃ guror bhāryāṃ rājabhāryāṃ tathaiva ca
pradharṣayitvā kāmād yo mṛto jāyati sūkaraḥ |
69 | sūkaraḥ pañca varṣāṇi pañca varṣāṇi śvāvidhaḥ
pipīlakas tu ṣaṇ māsān kīṭaḥ syān māsam eva ca etān āsādya saṃsārān kṛmiyonau prajāyate |
70 | tatra jīvati māsāṃs tu kṛmiyonau trayodaśa
tato 'dharmakṣayaṃ kṛtvā punar jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
71 | upasthite vivāhe tu dāne yajñe 'pi vābhibho
mohāt karoti yo vighnaṃ sa mṛto jāyate kṛmiḥ |
72 | kṛmir jīvati varṣāṇi daśa pañca ca bhārata
adharmasya kṣayaṃ kṛtvā tato jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
73 | pūrvaṃ dattvā tu yaḥ kanyāṃ dvitīye saṃprayacchati
so 'pi rājan mṛto jantuḥ kṛmiyonau prajāyate |
74 | tatra jīvati varṣāṇi trayodaśa yudhiṣṭhira
adharmasaṃkṣaye yuktas tato jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
75 | devakāryam upākṛtya pitṛkāryam athāpi ca
anirvāpya samaśnan vai tato jāyati vāyasaḥ |
76 | vāyaso daśa varṣāṇi tato jāyati kukkuṭaḥ
jāyate lavakaś cāpi māsaṃ tasmāt tu mānuṣaḥ |
77 | jyeṣṭhaṃ pitṛsamaṃ cāpi bhrātaraṃ yo 'vamanyate
so 'pi mṛtyum upāgamya krauñcayonau prajāyate |
78 | krauñco jīvati māsāṃs tu daśa dvau sapta pañca ca
tato nidhanam āpanno mānuṣatvam upāśnute |
79 | vṛṣalo brāhmaṇīṃ gatvā kṛmiyonau prajāyate
tatrāpatyaṃ samutpādya tato jāyati mūṣakaḥ |
80 | kṛtaghnas tu mṛto rājan yamasya viṣayaṃ gataḥ
yamasya viṣaye kruddhair vadhaṃ prāpnoti dāruṇam |
81 | paṭṭisaṃ mudgaraṃ śūlam agnikumbhaṃ ca dāruṇam
asipatravanaṃ ghoraṃ vālukāṃ kūṭaśālmalīm |
82 | etāś cānyāś ca bahvīḥ sa yamasya viṣayaṃ gataḥ
yātanāḥ prāpya tatrogrās tato vadhyati bhārata |
83 | saṃsāracakram āsādya kṛmiyonau prajāyate
kṛmir bhavati varṣāṇi daśa pañca ca bhārata tato garbhaṃ samāsādya tatraiva mriyate śiśuḥ |
84 | tato garbhaśatair jantur bahubhiḥ saṃprajāyate
saṃsārāṃś ca bahūn gatvā tatas tiryak prajāyate |
85 | mṛto duḥkham anuprāpya bahuvarṣagaṇān iha
apunarbhāvasaṃyuktas tataḥ kūrmaḥ prajāyate |
86 | aśastraṃ puruṣaṃ hatvā saśastraḥ puruṣādhamaḥ
arthārthī yadi vā vairī sa mṛto jāyate kharaḥ |
87 | kharo jīvati varṣe dve tataḥ śastreṇa vadhyate
sa mṛto mṛgayonau tu nityodvigno 'bhijāyate |
88 | mṛgo vadhyati śastreṇa gate saṃvatsare tu saḥ
hato mṛgas tato mīnaḥ so 'pi jālena badhyate |
89 | māse caturthe saṃprāpte śvāpadaḥ saṃprajāyate
śvāpado daśa varṣāṇi dvīpī varṣāṇi pañca ca |
90 | tatas tu nidhanaṃ prāptaḥ kālaparyāyacoditaḥ
adharmasya kṣayaṃ kṛtvā tato jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
91 | striyaṃ hatvā tu durbuddhir yamasya viṣayaṃ gataḥ
bahūn kleśān samāsādya saṃsārāṃś caiva viṃśatim |
92 | tataḥ paścān mahārāja kṛmiyonau prajāyate
kṛmir viṃśativarṣāṇi bhūtvā jāyati mānuṣaḥ |
93 | bhojanaṃ corayitvā tu makṣikā jāyate naraḥ
makṣikāsaṃghavaśago bahūn māsān bhavaty uta tataḥ pāpakṣayaṃ kṛtvā mānuṣatvam avāpnute |
94 | vādyaṃ hṛtvā tu puruṣo maśakaḥ saṃprajāyate
tathā piṇyākasaṃmiśram aśanaṃ corayen naraḥ sa jāyate babhrusamo dāruṇo mūṣako naraḥ |
95 | lavaṇaṃ corayitvā tu cīrīvākaḥ prajāyate
dadhi hṛtvā bakaś cāpi plavo matsyān asaṃskṛtān |
96 | corayitvā payaś cāpi balākā saṃprajāyate
yas tu corayate tailaṃ tailapāyī prajāyate corayitvā tu durbuddhir madhu daṃśaḥ prajāyate |
97 | ayo hṛtvā tu durbuddhir vāyaso jāyate naraḥ
pāyasaṃ corayitvā tu tittiritvam avāpnute |
98 | hṛtvā paiṣṭam apūpaṃ ca kumbholūkaḥ prajāyate
phalaṃ vā mūlakaṃ hṛtvā apūpaṃ vā pipīlikaḥ |
99 | kāṃsyaṃ hṛtvā tu durbuddhir hārīto jāyate naraḥ
rājataṃ bhājanaṃ hṛtvā kapotaḥ saṃprajāyate |
100 | hṛtvā tu kāñcanaṃ bhāṇḍaṃ kṛmiyonau prajāyate
krauñcaḥ kārpāsikaṃ hṛtvā mṛto jāyati mānavaḥ |
101 | corayitvā naraḥ paṭṭaṃ tv āvikaṃ vāpi bhārata
kṣaumaṃ ca vastram ādāya śaśo jantuḥ prajāyate |
102 | varṇān hṛtvā tu puruṣo mṛto jāyati barhiṇaḥ
hṛtvā raktāni vastrāṇi jāyate jīvajīvakaḥ |
103 | varṇakādīṃs tathā gandhāṃś corayitvā tu mānavaḥ
chucchundaritvam āpnoti rājaṃl lobhaparāyaṇaḥ |
104 | viśvāsena tu nikṣiptaṃ yo nihnavati mānavaḥ
sa gatāsur naras tādṛṅ matsyayonau prajāyate |
105 | matsyayonim anuprāpya mṛto jāyati mānuṣaḥ
mānuṣatvam anuprāpya kṣīṇāyur upapadyate |
106 | pāpāni tu naraḥ kṛtvā tiryag jāyati bhārata
na cātmanaḥ pramāṇaṃ te dharmaṃ jānanti kiṃ cana |
107 | ye pāpāni narāḥ kṛtvā nirasyanti vrataiḥ sadā
sukhaduḥkhasamāyuktā vyādhitās te bhavanty uta |
108 | asaṃvāsāḥ prajāyante mlecchāś cāpi na saṃśayaḥ
narāḥ pāpasamācārā lobhamohasamanvitāḥ |
109 | varjayanti ca pāpāni janmaprabhṛti ye narāḥ
arogā rūpavantas te dhaninaś ca bhavanty uta |
110 | striyo 'py etena kalpena kṛtvā pāpam avāpnuyuḥ
eteṣām eva jantūnāṃ patnītvam upayānti tāḥ |
111 | parasvaharaṇe doṣāḥ sarva eva prakīrtitāḥ
etad vai leśamātreṇa kathitaṃ te mayānagha aparasmin kathāyoge bhūyaḥ śroṣyasi bhārata |
112 | etan mayā mahārāja brahmaṇo vadataḥ purā
surarṣīṇāṃ śrutaṃ madhye pṛṣṭaś cāpi yathātatham |
113 | mayāpi tava kārtsnyena yathāvad anuvarṇitam
etac chrutvā mahārāja dharme kuru manaḥ sadā |