Book 13 Chapter 90 | |
1 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
1 | kīdṛśebhyaḥ pradātavyaṃ bhavec chrāddhaṃ pitāmaha
dvijebhyaḥ kuruśārdūla tan me vyākhyātum arhasi |
2 | bhīṣma uvāca |
2 | brāhmaṇān na parīkṣeta kṣatriyo dānadharmavit
daive karmaṇi pitrye tu nyāyyam āhuḥ parīkṣaṇam |
3 | devatāḥ pūjayantīha daivenaiveha tejasā
upetya tasmād devebhyaḥ sarvebhyo dāpayen naraḥ |
4 | śrāddhe tv atha mahārāja parīkṣed brāhmaṇān budhaḥ
kulaśīlavayorūpair vidyayābhijanena ca |
5 | eṣām anye paṅktidūṣās tathānye paṅktipāvanāḥ
apāṅkteyās tu ye rājan kīrtayiṣyāmi tāñ śṛṇu |
6 | kitavo bhrūṇahā yakṣmī paśupālo nirākṛtiḥ
grāmapreṣyo vārdhuṣiko gāyanaḥ sarvavikrayī |
7 | agāradāhī garadaḥ kuṇḍāśī somavikrayī
sāmudriko rājabhṛtyas tailikaḥ kūṭakārakaḥ |
8 | pitrā vivadamānaś ca yasya copapatir gṛhe
abhiśastas tathā stenaḥ śilpaṃ yaś copajīvati |
9 | parvakāraś ca sūcī ca mitradhruk pāradārikaḥ
avratānām upādhyāyaḥ kāṇḍapṛṣṭhas tathaiva ca |
10 | śvabhir yaś ca parikrāmed yaḥ śunā daṣṭa eva ca
parivittiś ca yaś ca syād duścarmā gurutalpagaḥ kuśīlavo devalako nakṣatrair yaś ca jīvati |
11 | etān iha vijānīyād apāṅkteyān dvijādhamān
śūdrāṇām upadeśaṃ ca ye kurvanty alpacetasaḥ |
12 | ṣaṣṭiṃ kāṇaḥ śataṃ ṣaṇḍhaḥ śvitrī yāvat prapaśyati
paṅktyāṃ samupaviṣṭāyāṃ tāvad dūṣayate nṛpa |
13 | yad veṣṭitaśirā bhuṅkte yad bhuṅkte dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ
sopānatkaś ca yad bhuṅkte sarvaṃ vidyāt tad āsuram |
14 | asūyatā ca yad dattaṃ yac ca śraddhāvivarjitam
sarvaṃ tad asurendrāya brahmā bhāgam akalpayat |
15 | śvānaś ca paṅktidūṣāś ca nāvekṣeran kathaṃ cana
tasmāt parivṛte dadyāt tilāṃś cānvavakīrayet |
16 | tilādāne ca kravyādā ye ca krodhavaśā gaṇāḥ
yātudhānāḥ piśācāś ca vipralumpanti tad dhaviḥ |
17 | yāvad dhy apaṅktyaḥ paṅktyāṃ vai bhuñjānān anupaśyati
tāvat phalād bhraṃśayati dātāraṃ tasya bāliśam |
18 | ime tu bharataśreṣṭha vijñeyāḥ paṅktipāvanāḥ
ye tv atas tān pravakṣyāmi parīkṣasveha tān dvijān |
19 | vedavidyāvratasnātā brāhmaṇāḥ sarva eva hi
pāṅkteyān yāṃs tu vakṣyāmi jñeyās te paṅktipāvanāḥ |
20 | triṇāciketaḥ pañcāgnis trisuparṇaḥ ṣaḍaṅgavit
brahmadeyānusaṃtānaś chandogo jyeṣṭhasāmagaḥ |
21 | mātāpitror yaś ca vaśyaḥ śrotriyo daśapūruṣaḥ
ṛtukālābhigāmī ca dharmapatnīṣu yaḥ sadā vedavidyāvratasnāto vipraḥ paṅktiṃ punāty uta |
22 | atharvaśiraso 'dhyetā brahmacārī yatavrataḥ
satyavādī dharmaśīlaḥ svakarmanirataś ca yaḥ |
23 | ye ca puṇyeṣu tīrtheṣu abhiṣekakṛtaśramāḥ
makheṣu ca samantreṣu bhavanty avabhṛthāplutāḥ |
24 | akrodhanā acapalāḥ kṣāntā dāntā jitendriyāḥ
sarvabhūtahitā ye ca śrāddheṣv etān nimantrayet eteṣu dattam akṣayyam ete vai paṅktipāvanāḥ |
25 | ime pare mahārāja vijñeyāḥ paṅktipāvanāḥ
yatayo mokṣadharmajñā yogāḥ sucaritavratāḥ |
26 | ye cetihāsaṃ prayatāḥ śrāvayanti dvijottamān
ye ca bhāṣyavidaḥ ke cid ye ca vyākaraṇe ratāḥ |
27 | adhīyate purāṇaṃ ye dharmaśāstrāṇy athāpi ca
adhītya ca yathānyāyaṃ vidhivat tasya kāriṇaḥ |
28 | upapanno gurukule satyavādī sahasradaḥ
agryaḥ sarveṣu vedeṣu sarvapravacaneṣu ca |
29 | yāvad ete prapaśyanti paṅktyās tāvat punanty uta
tato hi pāvanāt paṅktyāḥ paṅktipāvana ucyate |
30 | krośād ardhatṛtīyāt tu pāvayed eka eva hi
brahmadeyānusaṃtāna iti brahmavido viduḥ |
31 | anṛtvig anupādhyāyaḥ sa ced agrāsanaṃ vrajet
ṛtvigbhir ananujñātaḥ paṅktyā harati duṣkṛtam |
32 | atha ced vedavit sarvaiḥ paṅktidoṣair vivarjitaḥ
na ca syāt patito rājan paṅktipāvana eva saḥ |
33 | tasmāt sarvaprayatnena parīkṣyāmantrayed dvijān
svakarmaniratān dāntān kule jātān bahuśrutān |
34 | yasya mitrapradhānāni śrāddhāni ca havīṃṣi ca
na prīṇāti pitṝn devān svargaṃ ca na sa gacchati |
35 | yaś ca śrāddhe kurute saṃgatāni; na devayānena pathā sa yāti
sa vai muktaḥ pippalaṃ bandhanād vā; svargāl lokāc cyavate śrāddhamitraḥ |
36 | tasmān mitraṃ śrāddhakṛn nādriyeta; dadyān mitrebhyaḥ saṃgrahārthaṃ dhanāni
yaṃ manyate naiva śatruṃ na mitraṃ; taṃ madhyasthaṃ bhojayed dhavyakavye |
37 | yathoṣare bījam uptaṃ na rohen; na cāsyoptā prāpnuyād bījabhāgam
evaṃ śrāddhaṃ bhuktam anarhamāṇair; na ceha nāmutra phalaṃ dadāti |
38 | brāhmaṇo hy anadhīyānas tṛṇāgnir iva śāmyati
tasmai śrāddhaṃ na dātavyaṃ na hi bhasmani hūyate |
39 | saṃbhojanī nāma piśācadakṣiṇā; sā naiva devān na pitṝn upaiti
ihaiva sā bhrāmyati kṣīṇapuṇyā; śālāntare gaur iva naṣṭavatsā |
40 | yathāgnau śānte ghṛtam ājuhoti; tan naiva devān na pitṝn upaiti
tathā dattaṃ nartane gāyane ca; yāṃ cānṛce dakṣiṇām āvṛṇoti |
41 | ubhau hinasti na bhunakti caiṣā; yā cānṛce dakṣiṇā dīyate vai
āghātanī garhitaiṣā patantī; teṣāṃ pretān pātayed devayānāt |
42 | ṛṣīṇāṃ samayaṃ nityaṃ ye caranti yudhiṣṭhira
niścitāḥ sarvadharmajñās tān devā brāhmaṇān viduḥ |
43 | svādhyāyaniṣṭhā ṛṣayo jñānaniṣṭhās tathaiva ca
taponiṣṭhāś ca boddhavyāḥ karmaniṣṭhāś ca bhārata |
44 | kavyāni jñānaniṣṭhebhyaḥ pratiṣṭhāpyāni bhārata
tatra ye brāhmaṇāḥ ke cin na nindati hi te varāḥ |
45 | ye tu nindanti jalpeṣu na tāñ śrāddheṣu bhojayet
brāhmaṇā ninditā rājan hanyus tripuruṣaṃ kulam |
46 | vaikhānasānāṃ vacanam ṛṣīṇāṃ śrūyate nṛpa
dūrād eva parīkṣeta brāhmaṇān vedapāragān priyān vā yadi vā dveṣyāṃs teṣu tac chrāddham āvapet |
47 | yaḥ sahasraṃ sahasrāṇāṃ bhojayed anṛcāṃ naraḥ
ekas tān mantravit prītaḥ sarvān arhati bhārata |