 | Book 12 Chapter 306
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| 1 | yājñavalkya uvāca
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| 1 | avyaktasthaṃ paraṃ yat tat pṛṣṭas te 'haṃ narādhipa
paraṃ guhyam imaṃ praśnaṃ śṛṇuṣvāvahito nṛpa
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| 2 | yathārṣeṇeha vidhinā caratāvamatena ha
mayādityād avāptāni yajūṃṣi mithilādhipa
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| 3 | mahatā tapasā devas tapiṣṭhaḥ sevito mayā
prītena cāhaṃ vibhunā sūryeṇoktas tadānagha
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| 4 | varaṃ vṛṇīṣva viprarṣe yad iṣṭaṃ te sudurlabham
tat te dāsyāmi prītātmā matprasādo hi durlabhaḥ
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| 5 | tataḥ praṇamya śirasā mayoktas tapatāṃ varaḥ
yajūṃṣi nopayuktāni kṣipram icchāmi veditum
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| 6 | tato māṃ bhagavān āha vitariṣyāmi te dvija
sarasvatīha vāgbhūtā śarīraṃ te pravekṣyati
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| 7 | tato mām āha bhagavān āsyaṃ svaṃ vivṛtaṃ kuru
vivṛtaṃ ca tato me 'syaṃ praviṣṭā ca sarasvatī
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| 8 | tato vidahyamāno 'haṃ praviṣṭo 'mbhas tadānagha
avijñānād amarṣāc ca bhāskarasya mahātmanaḥ
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| 9 | tato vidahyamānaṃ mām uvāca bhagavān raviḥ
muhūrtaṃ sahyatāṃ dāhas tataḥ śītībhaviṣyasi
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| 10 | śītībhūtaṃ ca māṃ dṛṣṭvā bhagavān āha bhāskaraḥ
pratiṣṭhāsyati te vedaḥ sottaraḥ sakhilo dvija
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| 11 | kṛtsnaṃ śatapathaṃ caiva praṇeṣyasi dvijarṣabha
tasyānte cāpunarbhāve buddhis tava bhaviṣyati
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| 12 | prāpsyase ca yad iṣṭaṃ tat sāṃkhyayogepsitaṃ padam
etāvad uktvā bhagavān astam evābhyavartata
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| 13 | tato 'nuvyāhṛtaṃ śrutvā gate deve vibhāvasau
gṛham āgatya saṃhṛṣṭo 'cintayaṃ vai sarasvatīm
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| 14 | tataḥ pravṛttātiśubhā svaravyañjanabhūṣitā
oṃkāram āditaḥ kṛtvā mama devī sarasvatī
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| 15 | tato 'ham arghyaṃ vidhivat sarasvatyai nyavedayam
tapatāṃ ca variṣṭhāya niṣaṇṇas tatparāyaṇaḥ
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| 16 | tataḥ śatapathaṃ kṛtsnaṃ sarahasyaṃ sasaṃgraham
cakre sapariśeṣaṃ ca harṣeṇa parameṇa ha
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| 17 | kṛtvā cādhyayanaṃ teṣāṃ śiṣyāṇāṃ śatam uttamam
vipriyārthaṃ saśiṣyasya mātulasya mahātmanaḥ
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| 18 | tataḥ saśiṣyeṇa mayā sūryeṇeva gabhastibhiḥ
vyāpto yajño mahārāja pitus tava mahātmanaḥ
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| 19 | miṣato devalasyāpi tato 'rdhaṃ hṛtavān aham
svavedadakṣiṇāyātha vimarde mātulena ha
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| 20 | sumantunātha pailena tathā jaimininā ca vai
pitrā te munibhiś caiva tato 'ham anumānitaḥ
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| 21 | daśa pañca ca prāptāni yajūṃṣy arkān mayānagha
tathaiva lomaharṣāc ca purāṇam avadhāritam
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| 22 | bījam etat puraskṛtya devīṃ caiva sarasvatīm
sūryasya cānubhāvena pravṛtto 'haṃ narādhipa
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| 23 | kartuṃ śatapathaṃ vedam apūrvaṃ kāritaṃ ca me
yathābhilaṣitaṃ mārgaṃ tathā tac copapāditam
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| 24 | śiṣyāṇām akhilaṃ kṛtsnam anujñātaṃ sasaṃgraham
sarve ca śiṣyāḥ śucayo gatāḥ paramaharṣitāḥ
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| 25 | śākhāḥ pañcadaśemās tu vidyā bhāskaradarśitāḥ
pratiṣṭhāpya yathākāmaṃ vedyaṃ tad anucintayam
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| 26 | kim atra brahmaṇyam ṛtaṃ kiṃ ca vedyam anuttamam
cintaye tatra cāgatya gandharvo mām apṛcchata
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| 27 | viśvāvasus tato rājan vedāntajñānakovidaḥ
caturviṃśatikān praśnān pṛṣṭvā vedasya pārthiva
pañcaviṃśatimaṃ praśnaṃ papracchānvīkṣikīṃ tathā
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| 28 | viśvāviśvaṃ tathāśvāśvaṃ mitraṃ varuṇam eva ca
jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ tathājño jñaḥ kas tapā atapās tathā
sūryādaḥ sūrya iti ca vidyāvidye tathaiva ca
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| 29 | vedyāvedyaṃ tathā rājann acalaṃ calam eva ca
apūrvam akṣayaṃ kṣayyam etat praśnam anuttamam
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| 30 | athoktaś ca mayā rājan rājā gandharvasattamaḥ
pṛṣṭavān anupūrveṇa praśnam uttamam arthavat
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| 31 | muhūrtaṃ mṛṣyatāṃ tāvad yāvad enaṃ vicintaye
bāḍham ity eva kṛtvā sa tūṣṇīṃ gandharva āsthitaḥ
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| 32 | tato 'nvacintayam ahaṃ bhūyo devīṃ sarasvatīm
manasā sa ca me praśno dadhno ghṛtam ivoddhṛtam
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| 33 | tatropaniṣadaṃ caiva pariśeṣaṃ ca pārthiva
mathnāmi manasā tāta dṛṣṭvā cānvīkṣikīṃ parām
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| 34 | caturthī rājaśārdūla vidyaiṣā sāṃparāyikī
udīritā mayā tubhyaṃ pañcaviṃśe 'dhi dhiṣṭhitā
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| 35 | athoktas tu mayā rājan rājā viśvāvasus tadā
śrūyatāṃ yad bhavān asmān praśnaṃ saṃpṛṣṭavān iha
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| 36 | viśvāviśveti yad idaṃ gandharvendrānupṛcchasi
viśvāvyaktaṃ paraṃ vidyād bhūtabhavyabhayaṃkaram
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| 37 | triguṇaṃ guṇakartṛtvād aviśvo niṣkalas tathā
aśvas tathaiva mithunam evam evānudṛśyate
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| 38 | avyaktaṃ prakṛtiṃ prāhuḥ puruṣeti ca nirguṇam
tathaiva mitraṃ puruṣaṃ varuṇaṃ prakṛtiṃ tathā
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| 39 | jñānaṃ tu prakṛtiṃ prāhur jñeyaṃ niṣkalam eva ca
ajñaś ca jñaś ca puruṣas tasmān niṣkala ucyate
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| 40 | kas tapā atapāḥ proktaḥ ko 'sau puruṣa ucyate
tapāḥ prakṛtir ity āhur atapā niṣkalaḥ smṛtaḥ
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| 41 | tathaivāvedyam avyaktaṃ vedyaḥ puruṣa ucyate
calācalam iti proktaṃ tvayā tad api me śṛṇu
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| 42 | calāṃ tu prakṛtiṃ prāhuḥ kāraṇaṃ kṣepasargayoḥ
akṣepasargayoḥkartā niścalaḥ puruṣaḥ smṛtaḥ
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| 43 | ajāv ubhāv aprajau ca akṣayau cāpy ubhāv api
ajau nityāv ubhau prāhur adhyātmagatiniścayāḥ
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| 44 | akṣayatvāt prajanane ajam atrāhur avyayam
akṣayaṃ puruṣaṃ prāhuḥ kṣayo hy asya na vidyate
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| 45 | guṇakṣayatvāt prakṛtiḥ kartṛtvād akṣayaṃ budhāḥ
eṣā te 'nvīkṣikī vidyā caturthī sāṃparāyikī
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| 46 | vidyopetaṃ dhanaṃ kṛtvā karmaṇā nityakarmaṇi
ekāntadarśanā vedāḥ sarve viśvāvaso smṛtāḥ
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| 47 | jāyante ca mriyante ca yasminn ete yataś cyutāḥ
vedārthaṃ ye na jānanti vedyaṃ gandharvasattama
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| 48 | sāṅgopāṅgān api yadi pañca vedān adhīyate
vedavedyaṃ na jānīte vedabhāravaho hi saḥ
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| 49 | yo ghṛtārthī kharīkṣīraṃ mathed gandharvasattama
viṣṭhāṃ tatrānupaśyeta na maṇḍaṃ nāpi vā ghṛtam
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| 50 | tathā vedyam avedyaṃ ca vedavidyo na vindati
sa kevalaṃ mūḍhamatir jñānabhāravahaḥ smṛtaḥ
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| 51 | draṣṭavyau nityam evaitau tatpareṇāntarātmanā
yathāsya janmanidhane na bhavetāṃ punaḥ punaḥ
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| 52 | ajasraṃ janmanidhanaṃ cintayitvā trayīm imām
parityajya kṣayam iha akṣayaṃ dharmam āsthitaḥ
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| 53 | yadā tu paśyate 'tyantam ahany ahani kāśyapa
tadā sa kevalībhūtaḥ ṣaḍviṃśam anupaśyati
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| 54 | anyaś ca śaśvad avyaktas tathānyaḥ pañcaviṃśakaḥ
tasya dvāv anupaśyeta tam ekam iti sādhavaḥ
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| 55 | tenaitan nābhijānanti pañcaviṃśakam acyutam
janmamṛtyubhayād yogāḥ sāṃkhyāś ca paramaiṣiṇaḥ
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| 56 | viśvāvasur uvāca
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| 56 | pañcaviṃśaṃ yad etat te proktaṃ brāhmaṇasattama
tathā tan na tathā veti tad bhavān vaktum arhati
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| 57 | jaigīṣavyasyāsitasya devalasya ca me śrutam
parāśarasya viprarṣer vārṣagaṇyasya dhīmataḥ
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| 58 | bhikṣoḥ pañcaśikhasyātha kapilasya śukasya ca
gautamasyārṣṭiṣeṇasya gargasya ca mahātmanaḥ
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| 59 | nāradasyāsureś caiva pulastyasya ca dhīmataḥ
sanatkumārasya tataḥ śukrasya ca mahātmanaḥ
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| 60 | kaśyapasya pituś caiva pūrvam eva mayā śrutam
tadanantaraṃ ca rudrasya viśvarūpasya dhīmataḥ
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| 61 | daivatebhyaḥ pitṛbhyaś ca daityebhyaś ca tatas tataḥ
prāptam etan mayā kṛtsnaṃ vedyaṃ nityaṃ vadanty uta
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| 62 | tasmāt tad vai bhavadbuddhyā śrotum icchāmi brāhmaṇa
bhavān prabarhaḥ śāstrāṇāṃ pragalbhaś cātibuddhimān
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| 63 | na tavāviditaṃ kiṃ cid bhavāñ śrutinidhiḥ smṛtaḥ
kathyate devaloke ca pitṛloke ca brāhmaṇa
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| 64 | brahmalokagatāś caiva kathayanti maharṣayaḥ
patiś ca tapatāṃ śaśvad ādityas tava bhāṣate
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| 65 | sāṃkhyajñānaṃ tvayā brahmann avāptaṃ kṛtsnam eva ca
tathaiva yogajñānaṃ ca yājñavalkya viśeṣataḥ
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| 66 | niḥsaṃdigdhaṃ prabuddhas tvaṃ budhyamānaś carācaram
śrotum icchāmi taj jñānaṃ ghṛtaṃ maṇḍamayaṃ yathā
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| 67 | yājñavalkya uvāca
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| 67 | kṛtsnadhāriṇam eva tvāṃ manye gandharvasattama
jijñāsasi ca māṃ rājaṃs tan nibodha yathāśrutam
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| 68 | abudhyamānāṃ prakṛtiṃ budhyate pañcaviṃśakaḥ
na tu budhyati gandharva prakṛtiḥ pañcaviṃśakam
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| 69 | anenāpratibodhena pradhānaṃ pravadanti tam
sāṃkhyayogāś ca tattvajñā yathāśrutinidarśanāt
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| 70 | paśyaṃs tathaivāpaśyaṃś ca paśyaty anyas tathānagha
ṣaḍviṃśaḥ pañcaviṃśaṃ ca caturviṃśaṃ ca paśyati
na tu paśyati paśyaṃs tu yaś cainam anupaśyati
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| 71 | pañcaviṃśo 'bhimanyeta nānyo 'sti paramo mama
na caturviṃśako 'grāhyo manujair jñānadarśibhiḥ
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| 72 | matsyevodakam anveti pravartati pravartanāt
yathaiva budhyate matsyas tathaiṣo 'py anubudhyate
sasnehaḥ sahavāsāc ca sābhimānaś ca nityaśaḥ
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| 73 | sa nimajjati kālasya yadaikatvaṃ na budhyate
unmajjati hi kālasya mamatvenābhisaṃvṛtaḥ
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| 74 | yadā tu manyate 'nyo 'ham anya eṣa iti dvijaḥ
tadā sa kevalībhūtaḥ ṣaḍviṃśam anupaśyati
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| 75 | anyaś ca rājann avaras tathānyaḥ pañcaviṃśakaḥ
tatsthatvād anupaśyanti eka eveti sādhavaḥ
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| 76 | tenaitan nābhinandanti pañcaviṃśakam acyutam
janmamṛtyubhayād bhītā yogāḥ sāṃkhyāś ca kāśyapa
ṣaḍviṃśam anupaśyanti śucayas tatparāyaṇāḥ
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| 77 | yadā sa kevalībhūtaḥ ṣaḍviṃśam anupaśyati
tadā sa sarvavid vidvān na punarjanma vindati
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| 78 | evam apratibuddhaś ca budhyamānaś ca te 'nagha
buddhaś cokto yathātattvaṃ mayā śrutinidarśanāt
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| 79 | paśyāpaśyaṃ yo 'nupaśyet kṣemaṃ tattvaṃ ca kāśyapa
kevalākevalaṃ cādyaṃ pañcaviṃśāt paraṃ ca yat
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| 80 | viśvāvasur uvāca
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| 80 | tathyaṃ śubhaṃ caitad uktaṃ tvayā bhoḥ; samyak kṣemyaṃ devatādyaṃ yathāvat
svasty akṣayaṃ bhavataś cāstu nityaṃ; buddhyā sadā buddhiyuktaṃ namas te
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| 81 | yājñavalkya uvāca
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| 81 | evam uktvā saṃprayāto divaṃ sa; vibhrājan vai śrīmatā darśanena
tuṣṭaś ca tuṣṭyā parayābhinandya; pradakṣiṇaṃ mama kṛtvā mahātmā
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| 82 | brahmādīnāṃ khecarāṇāṃ kṣitau ca; ye cādhastāt saṃvasante narendra
tatraiva tad darśanaṃ darśayan vai; samyak kṣemyaṃ ye pathaṃ saṃśritā vai
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| 83 | sāṃkhyāḥ sarve sāṃkhyadharme ratāś ca; tadvad yogā yogadharme ratāś ca
ye cāpy anye mokṣakāmā manuṣyās; teṣām etad darśanaṃ jñānadṛṣṭam
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| 84 | jñānān mokṣo jāyate pūruṣāṇāṃ; nāsty ajñānād evam āhur narendra
tasmāj jñānaṃ tattvato 'nveṣitavyaṃ; yenātmānaṃ mokṣayej janmamṛtyoḥ
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| 85 |
prāpya jñānaṃ brāhmaṇāt kṣatriyād vā; vaiśyāc chūdrād api nīcād abhīkṣṇam
śraddhātavyaṃ śraddadhānena nityaṃ; na śraddhinaṃ janmamṛtyū viśetām
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| 86 | sarve varṇā brāhmaṇā brahmajāś ca; sarve nityaṃ vyāharante ca brahma
tattvaṃ śāstraṃ brahmabuddhyā bravīmi; sarvaṃ viśvaṃ brahma caitat samastam
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| 87 |
brahmāsyato brāhmaṇāḥ saṃprasūtā; bāhubhyāṃ vai kṣatriyāḥ saṃprasūtāḥ
nābhyāṃ vaiśyāḥ pādataś cāpi śūdrāḥ; sarve varṇā nānyathā veditavyāḥ
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| 88 | ajñānataḥ karmayoniṃ bhajante; tāṃ tāṃ rājaṃs te yathā yānty abhāvam
tathā varṇā jñānahīnāḥ patante; ghorād ajñānāt prākṛtaṃ yonijālam
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| 89 | tasmāj jñānaṃ sarvato mārgitavyaṃ; sarvatrasthaṃ caitad uktaṃ mayā te
tasthau brahmā tasthivāṃś cāparo yas; tasmai nityaṃ mokṣam āhur dvijendrāḥ
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| 90 | yat te pṛṣṭaṃ tan mayā copadiṣṭaṃ; yāthātathyaṃ tad viśoko bhavasva
rājan gacchasvaitadarthasya pāraṃ; samyak proktaṃ svasti te 'stv atra nityam
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| 91 | bhīṣma uvāca
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| 91 | sa evam anuśāstas tu yājñavalkyena dhīmatā
prītimān abhavad rājā mithilādhipatis tadā
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| 92 | gate munivare tasmin kṛte cāpi pradakṣiṇe
daivarātir narapatir āsīnas tatra mokṣavit
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| 93 | gokoṭiṃ sparśayām āsa hiraṇyasya tathaiva ca
ratnāñjalim athaikaṃ ca brāhmaṇebhyo dadau tadā
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| 94 | videharājyaṃ ca tathā pratiṣṭhāpya sutasya vai
yatidharmam upāsaṃś cāpy avasan mithilādhipaḥ
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| 95 | sāṃkhyajñānam adhīyāno yogaśāstraṃ ca kṛtsnaśaḥ
dharmādharmau ca rājendra prākṛtaṃ parigarhayan
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| 96 | anantam iti kṛtvā sa nityaṃ kevalam eva ca
dharmādharmau puṇyapāpe satyāsatye tathaiva ca
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| 97 | janmamṛtyū ca rājendra prākṛtaṃ tad acintayat
brahmāvyaktasya karmedam iti nityaṃ narādhipa
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| 98 | paśyanti yogāḥ sāṃkhyāś ca svaśāstrakṛtalakṣaṇāḥ
iṣṭāniṣṭaviyuktaṃ hi tasthau brahma parātparam
nityaṃ tam āhur vidvāṃsaḥ śucis tasmāc chucir bhava
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| 99 | dīyate yac ca labhate dattaṃ yac cānumanyate
dadāti ca naraśreṣṭha pratigṛhṇāti yac ca ha
dadāty avyaktam evaitat pratigṛhṇāti tac ca vai
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| 100 | ātmā hy evātmano hy ekaḥ ko 'nyas tvatto 'dhiko bhavet
evaṃ manyasva satatam anyathā mā vicintaya
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| 101 | yasyāvyaktaṃ na viditaṃ saguṇaṃ nirguṇaṃ punaḥ
tena tīrthāni yajñāś ca sevitavyāvipaścitā
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| 102 | na svādhyāyais tapobhir vā yajñair vā kurunandana
labhate 'vyaktasaṃsthānaṃ jñātvāvyaktaṃ mahīpate
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| 103 | tathaiva mahataḥ sthānam āhaṃkārikam eva ca
ahaṃkārāt paraṃ cāpi sthānāni samavāpnuyāt
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| 104 | ye tv avyaktāt paraṃ nityaṃ jānate śāstratatparāḥ
janmamṛtyuviyuktaṃ ca viyuktaṃ sad asac ca yat
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| 105 | etan mayāptaṃ janakāt purastāt; tenāpi cāptaṃ nṛpa yājñavalkyāt
jñānaṃ viśiṣṭaṃ na tathā hi yajñā; jñānena durgaṃ tarate na yajñaiḥ
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| 106 | durgaṃ janma nidhanaṃ cāpi rājan; na bhūtikaṃ jñānavido vadanti
yajñais tapobhir niyamair vrataiś ca; divaṃ samāsādya patanti bhūmau
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| 107 | tasmād upāsasva paraṃ mahac chuci; śivaṃ vimokṣaṃ vimalaṃ pavitram
kṣetrajñavit pārthiva jñānayajñam; upāsya vai tattvam ṛṣir bhaviṣyasi
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| 108 | upaniṣadam upākarot tadā vai; janakanṛpasya purā hi yājñavalkyaḥ
yad upagaṇitaśāśvatāvyayaṃ tac; chubham amṛtatvam aśokam ṛcchatīti
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