Book 5 Chapter 33 | |
1 | vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca |
1 | dvāḥsthaṃ prāha mahāprājño dhṛtarāṣṭro mahīpatiḥ
viduraṃ draṣṭum icchāmi tam ihānaya māciram |
2 | prahito dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dūtaḥ kṣattāram abravīt
īśvaras tvāṃ mahārājo mahāprājña didṛkṣati |
3 | evam uktas tu viduraḥ prāpya rājaniveśanam
abravīd dhṛtarāṣṭrāya dvāḥstha māṃ prativedaya |
4 | dvāḥstha uvāca |
4 | viduro 'yam anuprāpto rājendra tava śāsanāt
draṣṭum icchati te pādau kiṃ karotu praśādhi mām |
5 | dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |
5 | praveśaya mahāprājñaṃ viduraṃ dīrghadarśinam
ahaṃ hi vidurasyāsya nākālyo jātu darśane |
6 | dvāḥstha uvāca |
6 | praviśāntaḥpuraṃ kṣattar mahārājasya dhīmataḥ
na hi te darśane 'kālyo jātu rājā bravīti mām |
7 | vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca |
7 | tataḥ praviśya viduro dhṛtarāṣṭraniveśanam
abravīt prāñjalir vākyaṃ cintayānaṃ narādhipam |
8 | viduro 'haṃ mahāprājña saṃprāptas tava śāsanāt
yadi kiṃ cana kartavyam ayam asmi praśādhi mām |
9 | dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |
9 | saṃjayo vidura prāpto garhayitvā ca māṃ gataḥ
ajātaśatroḥ śvo vākyaṃ sabhāmadhye sa vakṣyati |
10 | tasyādya kuruvīrasya na vijñātaṃ vaco mayā
tan me dahati gātrāṇi tad akārṣīt prajāgaram |
11 | jāgrato dahyamānasya śreyo yad iha paśyasi
tad brūhi tvaṃ hi nas tāta dharmārthakuśalo hy asi |
12 | yataḥ prāptaḥ saṃjayaḥ pāṇḍavebhyo; na me yathāvan manasaḥ praśāntiḥ
sarvendriyāṇy aprakṛtiṃ gatāni; kiṃ vakṣyatīty eva hi me 'dya cintā |
13 | vidura uvāca |
13 | abhiyuktaṃ balavatā durbalaṃ hīnasādhanam
hṛtasvaṃ kāminaṃ coram āviśanti prajāgarāḥ |
14 | kaccid etair mahādoṣair na spṛṣṭo 'si narādhipa
kaccin na paravitteṣu gṛdhyan viparitapyase |
15 | dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |
15 | śrotum icchāmi te dharmyaṃ paraṃ naiḥśreyasaṃ vacaḥ
asmin rājarṣivaṃśe hi tvam ekaḥ prājñasaṃmataḥ |
16 | vidura uvāca |
16 | niṣevate praśastāni ninditāni na sevate
anāstikaḥ śraddadhāna etat paṇḍitalakṣaṇam |
17 | krodho harṣaś ca darpaś ca hrīstambho mānyamānitā
yam arthān nāpakarṣanti sa vai paṇḍita ucyate |
18 | yasya kṛtyaṃ na jānanti mantraṃ vā mantritaṃ pare
kṛtam evāsya jānanti sa vai paṇḍita ucyate |
19 | yasya kṛtyaṃ na vighnanti śītam uṣṇaṃ bhayaṃ ratiḥ
samṛddhir asamṛddhir vā sa vai paṇḍita ucyate |
20 | yasya saṃsāriṇī prajñā dharmārthāv anuvartate
kāmād arthaṃ vṛṇīte yaḥ sa vai paṇḍita ucyate |
21 | yathāśakti cikīrṣanti yathāśakti ca kurvate
na kiṃ cid avamanyante paṇḍitā bharatarṣabha |
22 | kṣipraṃ vijānāti ciraṃ śṛṇoti; vijñāya cārthaṃ bhajate na kāmāt
nāsaṃpṛṣṭo vyupayuṅkte parārthe; tat prajñānaṃ prathamaṃ paṇḍitasya |
23 | nāprāpyam abhivāñchanti naṣṭaṃ necchanti śocitum
āpatsu ca na muhyanti narāḥ paṇḍitabuddhayaḥ |
24 | niścitya yaḥ prakramate nāntar vasati karmaṇaḥ
avandhyakālo vaśyātmā sa vai paṇḍita ucyate |
25 | āryakarmaṇi rajyante bhūtikarmāṇi kurvate
hitaṃ ca nābhyasūyanti paṇḍitā bharatarṣabha |
26 | na hṛṣyaty ātmasaṃmāne nāvamānena tapyate
gāṅgo hrada ivākṣobhyo yaḥ sa paṇḍita ucyate |
27 | tattvajñaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ yogajñaḥ sarvakarmaṇām
upāyajño manuṣyāṇāṃ naraḥ paṇḍita ucyate |
28 | pravṛttavāk citrakatha ūhavān pratibhānavān
āśu granthasya vaktā ca sa vai paṇḍita ucyate |
29 | śrutaṃ prajñānugaṃ yasya prajñā caiva śrutānugā
asaṃbhinnāryamaryādaḥ paṇḍitākhyāṃ labheta saḥ |
30 | aśrutaś ca samunnaddho daridraś ca mahāmanāḥ
arthāṃś cākarmaṇā prepsur mūḍha ity ucyate budhaiḥ |
31 | svam arthaṃ yaḥ parityajya parārtham anutiṣṭhati
mithyā carati mitrārthe yaś ca mūḍhaḥ sa ucyate |
32 | akāmān kāmayati yaḥ kāmayānān paridviṣan
balavantaṃ ca yo dveṣṭi tam āhur mūḍhacetasam |
33 | amitraṃ kurute mitraṃ mitraṃ dveṣṭi hinasti ca
karma cārabhate duṣṭaṃ tam āhur mūḍhacetasam |
34 | saṃsārayati kṛtyāni sarvatra vicikitsate
ciraṃ karoti kṣiprārthe sa mūḍho bharatarṣabha |
35 | anāhūtaḥ praviśati apṛṣṭo bahu bhāṣate
viśvasaty apramatteṣu mūḍhacetā narādhamaḥ |
36 | paraṃ kṣipati doṣeṇa vartamānaḥ svayaṃ tathā
yaś ca krudhyaty anīśaḥ san sa ca mūḍhatamo naraḥ |
37 | ātmano balam ajñāya dharmārthaparivarjitam
alabhyam icchan naiṣkarmyān mūḍhabuddhir ihocyate |
38 | aśiṣyaṃ śāsti yo rājan yaś ca śūnyam upāsate
kadaryaṃ bhajate yaś ca tam āhur mūḍhacetasam |
39 | arthaṃ mahāntam āsādya vidyām aiśvaryam eva vā
vicaraty asamunnaddho yaḥ sa paṇḍita ucyate |
40 | ekaḥ saṃpannam aśnāti vas te vāsaś ca śobhanam
yo 'saṃvibhajya bhṛtyebhyaḥ ko nṛśaṃsataras tataḥ |
41 | ekaḥ pāpāni kurute phalaṃ bhuṅkte mahājanaḥ
bhoktāro vipramucyante kartā doṣeṇa lipyate |
42 | ekaṃ hanyān na vā hanyād iṣur mukto dhanuṣmatā
buddhir buddhimatotsṛṣṭā hanyād rāṣṭraṃ sarājakam |
43 | ekayā dve viniścitya trīṃś caturbhir vaśe kuru
pañca jitvā viditvā ṣaṭ sapta hitvā sukhī bhava |
44 | ekaṃ viṣaraso hanti śastreṇaikaś ca vadhyate
sarāṣṭraṃ saprajaṃ hanti rājānaṃ mantravisravaḥ |
45 | ekaḥ svādu na bhuñjīta ekaś cārthān na cintayet
eko na gacched adhvānaṃ naikaḥ supteṣu jāgṛyāt |
46 | ekam evādvitīyaṃ tad yad rājan nāvabudhyase
satyaṃ svargasya sopānaṃ pārāvārasya naur iva |
47 | ekaḥ kṣamāvatāṃ doṣo dvitīyo nopalabhyate
yad enaṃ kṣamayā yuktam aśaktaṃ manyate janaḥ |
48 | eko dharmaḥ paraṃ śreyaḥ kṣamaikā śāntir uttamā
vidyaikā paramā dṛṣṭir ahiṃsaikā sukhāvahā |
49 | dvāv imau grasate bhūmiḥ sarpo bilaśayān iva
rājānaṃ cāviroddhāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ cāpravāsinam |
50 | dve karmaṇī naraḥ kurvann asmiṃl loke virocate
abruvan paruṣaṃ kiṃ cid asato nārthayaṃs tathā |
51 | dvāv imau puruṣavyāghra parapratyayakāriṇau
striyaḥ kāmitakāminyo lokaḥ pūjitapūjakaḥ |
52 | dvāv imau kaṇṭakau tīkṣṇau śarīrapariśoṣaṇau
yaś cādhanaḥ kāmayate yaś ca kupyaty anīśvaraḥ |
53 | dvāv imau puruṣau rājan svargasyopari tiṣṭhataḥ
prabhuś ca kṣamayā yukto daridraś ca pradānavān |
54 | nyāyāgatasya dravyasya boddhavyau dvāv atikramau
apātre pratipattiś ca pātre cāpratipādanam |
55 | trayo nyāyā manuṣyāṇāṃ śrūyante bharatarṣabha
kanīyān madhyamaḥ śreṣṭha iti vedavido viduḥ |
56 | trividhāḥ puruṣā rājann uttamādhamamadhyamāḥ
niyojayed yathāvat tāṃs trividheṣv eva karmasu |
57 | traya evādhanā rājan bhāryā dāsas tathā sutaḥ
yat te samadhigacchanti yasya te tasya tad dhanam |
58 | catvāri rājñā tu mahābalena; varjyāny āhuḥ paṇḍitas tāni vidyāt
alpaprajñaiḥ saha mantraṃ na kuryān; na dīrghasūtrair alasaiś cāraṇaiś ca |
59 | catvāri te tāta gṛhe vasantu; śriyābhijuṣṭasya gṛhasthadharme
vṛddho jñātir avasannaḥ kulīnaḥ; sakhā daridro bhaginī cānapatyā |
60 | catvāry āha mahārāja sadyaskāni bṛhaspatiḥ
pṛcchate tridaśendrāya tānīmāni nibodha me |
61 | devatānāṃ ca saṃkalpam anubhāvaṃ ca dhīmatām
vinayaṃ kṛtavidyānāṃ vināśaṃ pāpakarmaṇām |
62 | pañcāgnayo manuṣyeṇa paricaryāḥ prayatnataḥ
pitā mātāgnir ātmā ca guruś ca bharatarṣabha |
63 | pañcaiva pūjayaṃl loke yaśaḥ prāpnoti kevalam
devān pitṝn manuṣyāṃś ca bhikṣūn atithipañcamān |
64 | pañca tvānugamiṣyanti yatra yatra gamiṣyasi
mitrāṇy amitrā madhyasthā upajīvyopajīvinaḥ |
65 | pañcendriyasya martyasya chidraṃ ced ekam indriyam
tato 'sya sravati prajñā dṛteḥ pādād ivodakam |
66 | ṣaḍ doṣāḥ puruṣeṇeha hātavyā bhūtim icchatā
nidrā tandrī bhayaṃ krodha ālasyaṃ dīrghasūtratā |
67 | ṣaḍ imān puruṣo jahyād bhinnāṃ nāvam ivārṇave
apravaktāram ācāryam anadhīyānam ṛtvijam |
68 | arakṣitāraṃ rājānaṃ bhāryāṃ cāpriyavādinīm
grāmakāmaṃ ca gopālaṃ vanakāmaṃ ca nāpitam |
69 | ṣaḍ eva tu guṇāḥ puṃsā na hātavyāḥ kadā cana
satyaṃ dānam anālasyam anasūyā kṣamā dhṛtiḥ |
70 | ṣaṇṇām ātmani nityānām aiśvaryaṃ yo 'dhigacchati
na sa pāpaiḥ kuto 'narthair yujyate vijitendriyaḥ |
71 | ṣaḍ ime ṣaṭsu jīvanti saptamo nopalabhyate
corāḥ pramatte jīvanti vyādhiteṣu cikitsakāḥ |
72 | pramadāḥ kāmayāneṣu yajamāneṣu yājakāḥ
rājā vivadamāneṣu nityaṃ mūrkheṣu paṇḍitāḥ |
73 | sapta doṣāḥ sadā rājñā hātavyā vyasanodayāḥ
prāyaśo yair vinaśyanti kṛtamūlāś ca pārthivāḥ |
74 | striyo 'kṣā mṛgayā pānaṃ vākpāruṣyaṃ ca pañcamam
mahac ca daṇḍapāruṣyam arthadūṣaṇam eva ca |
75 | aṣṭau pūrvanimittāni narasya vinaśiṣyataḥ
brāhmaṇān prathamaṃ dveṣṭi brāhmaṇaiś ca virudhyate |
76 | brāhmaṇasvāni cādatte brāhmaṇāṃś ca jighāṃsati
ramate nindayā caiṣāṃ praśaṃsāṃ nābhinandati |
77 | naitān smarati kṛtyeṣu yācitaś cābhyasūyati
etān doṣān naraḥ prājño buddhyā buddhvā vivarjayet |
78 | aṣṭāv imāni harṣasya navanītāni bhārata
vartamānāni dṛśyante tāny eva susukhāny api |
79 | samāgamaś ca sakhibhir mahāṃś caiva dhanāgamaḥ
putreṇa ca pariṣvaṅgaḥ saṃnipātaś ca maithune |
80 | samaye ca priyālāpaḥ svayūtheṣu ca saṃnatiḥ
abhipretasya lābhaś ca pūjā ca janasaṃsadi |
81 | navadvāram idaṃ veśma tristhūṇaṃ pañcasākṣikam
kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitaṃ vidvān yo veda sa paraḥ kaviḥ |
82 | daśa dharmaṃ na jānanti dhṛtarāṣṭra nibodha tān
mattaḥ pramatta unmattaḥ śrāntaḥ kruddho bubhukṣitaḥ |
83 | tvaramāṇaś ca bhīruś ca lubdhaḥ kāmī ca te daśa
tasmād eteṣu bhāveṣu na prasajjeta paṇḍitaḥ |
84 | atraivodāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam
putrārtham asurendreṇa gītaṃ caiva sudhanvanā |
85 | yaḥ kāmamanyū prajahāti rājā; pātre pratiṣṭhāpayate dhanaṃ ca
viśeṣavic chrutavān kṣiprakārī; taṃ sarvalokaḥ kurute pramāṇam |
86 | jānāti viśvāsayituṃ manuṣyān; vijñātadoṣeṣu dadhāti daṇḍam
jānāti mātrāṃ ca tathā kṣamāṃ ca; taṃ tādṛśaṃ śrīr juṣate samagrā |
87 | sudurbalaṃ nāvajānāti kaṃ cid; yukto ripuṃ sevate buddhipūrvam
na vigrahaṃ rocayate balasthaiḥ; kāle ca yo vikramate sa dhīraḥ |
88 | prāpyāpadaṃ na vyathate kadā cid; udyogam anvicchati cāpramattaḥ
duḥkhaṃ ca kāle sahate jitātmā; dhuraṃdharas tasya jitāḥ sapatnāḥ |
89 | anarthakaṃ vipravāsaṃ gṛhebhyaḥ; pāpaiḥ saṃdhiṃ paradārābhimarśam
dambhaṃ stainyaṃ paiśunaṃ madyapānaṃ; na sevate yaḥ sa sukhī sadaiva |
90 | na saṃrambheṇārabhate 'rthavargam; ākāritaḥ śaṃsati tathyam eva
na mātrārthe rocayate vivādaṃ; nāpūjitaḥ kupyati cāpy amūḍhaḥ |
91 | na yo 'bhyasūyaty anukampate ca; na durbalaḥ prātibhāvyaṃ karoti
nātyāha kiṃ cit kṣamate vivādaṃ; sarvatra tādṛg labhate praśaṃsām |
92 | yo noddhataṃ kurute jātu veṣaṃ; na pauruṣeṇāpi vikatthate 'nyān
na mūrcchitaḥ kaṭukāny āha kiṃ cit; priyaṃ sadā taṃ kurute jano 'pi |
93 | na vairam uddīpayati praśāntaṃ; na darpam ārohati nāstam eti
na durgato 'smīti karoti manyuṃ; tam āryaśīlaṃ param āhur agryam |
94 | na sve sukhe vai kurute praharṣaṃ; nānyasya duḥkhe bhavati pratītaḥ
dattvā na paścāt kurute 'nutāpaṃ; na katthate satpuruṣāryaśīlaḥ |
95 | deśācārān samayāñ jātidharmān; bubhūṣate yas tu parāvarajñaḥ
sa tatra tatrādhigataḥ sadaiva; mahājanasyādhipatyaṃ karoti |
96 | dambhaṃ mohaṃ matsaraṃ pāpakṛtyaṃ; rājadviṣṭaṃ paiśunaṃ pūgavairam
mattonmattair durjanaiś cāpi vādaṃ; yaḥ prajñāvān varjayet sa pradhānaḥ |
97 | damaṃ śaucaṃ daivataṃ maṅgalāni; prāyaścittaṃ vividhāṃl lokavādān
etāni yaḥ kurute naityakāni; tasyotthānaṃ devatā rādhayanti |
98 | samair vivāhaṃ kurute na hīnaiḥ; samaiḥ sakhyaṃ vyavahāraṃ kathāś ca
guṇair viśiṣṭāṃś ca purodadhāti; vipaścitas tasya nayāḥ sunītāḥ |
99 | mitaṃ bhuṅkte saṃvibhajyāśritebhyo; mitaṃ svapity amitaṃ karma kṛtvā
dadāty amitreṣv api yācitaḥ saṃs; tam ātmavantaṃ prajahaty anarthāḥ |
100 | cikīrṣitaṃ viprakṛtaṃ ca yasya; nānye janāḥ karma jānanti kiṃ cit
mantre gupte samyag anuṣṭhite ca; svalpo nāsya vyathate kaś cid arthaḥ |
101 | yaḥ sarvabhūtapraśame niviṣṭaḥ; satyo mṛdur dānakṛc chuddhabhāvaḥ
atīva saṃjñāyate jñātimadhye; mahāmaṇir jātya iva prasannaḥ |
102 | ya ātmanāpatrapate bhṛśaṃ naraḥ; sa sarvalokasya gurur bhavaty uta
anantatejāḥ sumanāḥ samāhitaḥ; svatejasā sūrya ivāvabhāsate |
103 |
vane jātāḥ śāpadagdhasya rājñaḥ; pāṇḍoḥ putrāḥ pañca pañcendrakalpāḥ
tvayaiva bālā vardhitāḥ śikṣitāś ca; tavādeśaṃ pālayanty āmbikeya |
104 | pradāyaiṣām ucitaṃ tāta rājyaṃ; sukhī putraiḥ sahito modamānaḥ
na devānāṃ nāpi ca mānuṣāṇāṃ; bhaviṣyasi tvaṃ tarkaṇīyo narendra |