Kesava: Samkhyatattvapradipika (or Samkhyarthatattvapradipika; according to colophon),
a short exposition of Sāṃkhya philosophy following the system of Vijñānabhikṣu.
Based on the ed. by Vindhyesvari Prasada Dvivedin in: Samkhyasangrahah
(Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series, 50,2 [fasc. 286], pp. 141-149)



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description:multibyte sequence:
long a ā
long A Ā
long i ī
long I Ī
long u ū
long U Ū
vocalic r ṛ
vocalic R Ṛ
long vocalic r ṝ
vocalic l ḷ
vocalic L Ḷ
long vocalic l ḹ
velar n ṅ
velar N Ṅ
palatal n ñ
palatal N Ñ
retroflex t ṭ
retroflex T Ṭ
retroflex d ḍ
retroflex D Ḍ
retroflex n ṇ
retroflex N Ṇ
palatal s ś
palatal S Ś
retroflex s ṣ
retroflex S Ṣ
anusvara ṃ
visarga ḥ
long e ē
long o ō
l underbar ḻ
r underbar ṟ
n underbar ṉ
k underbar ḵ
t underbar ṯ

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Keśava: Sāṃkhyatattvapradīpikā (or Sāṃkhyārthatattvapradīpikā)


oṃ namaḥ paramātmane /

sāṃkhyatattvapradīpikā /

durnivāramanastāpanivāraṇapaṭīyasīm /
jagadānandasandohajananīmahamāśraye // 1 //
bhaṭṭakeśavasambhūtasadānandātmajaḥ sudhīḥ /
yajurvit keśavaḥ prāha kiñcit sāṃkhye yathāmati // 2 //
iha dvividhaṃ tattvaṃ prakṛtiḥ puruṣaśceti |
prakṛtireva pradhānamityabhidhīyate sattvāditriguṇā nityeti prakṛtisvarūpalakṣaṇam |
vikārarahitattvācca nityaiveyam |
puruṣe ativyāptivāraṇāya sattvāditriguṇetyuktam |
sattvādayastrayo guṇā yasyā iti vigrahaḥ |
mahadāditattvānāmapi triguṇātmakatvāt tatrātiprasaṅgavāraṇāya nityeti |
taṭasthalakṣaṇaṃ tu jagadupādānakāraṇaṃ prakṛtiriti |
tathāhi vimataṃ sukhaduḥkhamohasāmānyopādānakaṃ niyamena tadanvitasvabhāvatvāt yanniyamena yadanvitasvabhāvaṃ tat tatsāmānyopādānakaṃ yathā mṛtsāmānyānvitasvabhāvaṃ ghaṭaśarāvādi tathāhi kācana taruṇī kasyacit kāntasya sukhamutpādayati kasyacinmohaṃ kasyaciddveṣamiti tatkasya hetostaṃ taṃ prati sukhaduḥkamohātmakasattvarajastamasāmāvirbhāvāt |

sā ca caturviṃśatidhā prakṛteḥ prathamo mahāniti vikāraḥ pariṇāma iti yāvat mahattattvameva buddhitattvamityabhidhīyate ahamityahaṃkārākhyo mahattattvasya prathamo vikāraḥ tadanantaraṃ pañcatanmātrāḥ śabdasparśarūparasagandhākhyā bhavati athākāśādibhūtapañcakaṃ athaikādaśākṣāṇi śrotrasparśanacakṣūrasanaghrāṇavāggudaliṅgakaracaraṇāntaḥkaraṇānyekādaśendriyāṇi bhavanti |
tatra mahattattvamahaṃkāratattvaṃ śabdādyāḥ pañcatanmātrā ityetat tattvasaptakaṃ prakṛtivikṛtibhāvāpannaṃ pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ prati kāryatvamuttarottaraṃ prati kāraṇatvamityarthaḥ |
tathāhi mahattattvaṃ mūlaprakṛteḥ kāryaṃ kāraṇaṃ cāhaṃkāratattvasya ahaṃkāratattvaṃ tathā mahattattvasya kāryaṃ kāraṇaṃ ca śabdatattvākhyāditanmātraṃ prati tathāhi tadapi pūrvaṃ prati kāryamuttaraṃ prati kāraṇaṃ ceti bodhyam |
ākāśādibhūtapañcakamekādaśendriyāṇītyete punaḥ ṣoḍaśabhāvāśca prakṛtijanyā eva na tu kasyacit prakṛtiḥ tattvāntaropādānarūpatvābhāvāt |
seyaṃ prakṛtiracetanā pariṇāmitvāt |

nanu viṣayāṇāṃ ghaṭādīnāṃ cetanasambandhaḥ sākṣādevāstu kiṃ mahadādipraṇālikayeti cet |
tat kiṃ citireva viṣayabandhanasvabhāvā tathā sati caityanyanityatayā mokṣaḥ kadāpi na syāt |
atha caitanyaṃ prakṛtau pratibimbitaṃ prakṛtiviṣayayostu sākṣāt sambandhaḥ syāt kiṃ mahadādineti cet tathāhi puruṣavannityatayā punaranirmokṣāpattireva |
atha citirviṣayasambaddhasvabhāvā māstu viṣayā eva citisambaddhasvabhāvāḥ santu tathā ca viṣayatirobhāve mokṣaḥ syāditi cet tarhīdaṃ dṛṣṭamiti na syāt sarvathā citisambandhasvābhāvyenāvyavadhānāt |
atha viṣayā indriyadvārā citisambaddhātmānaḥ santu dṛṣṭādṛṣṭavyavahārādi sannikarṣaviprakarṣābhyāmupapatsyata iti cenna vyāsaṅgānupapatteḥ indriyasambaddhe viṣaye jñānotpatterāvaśyakatvāt |
atha vyāsaṅgānupapattyā manaḥ kalpyatāṃ kimahaṃkāreṇa maivaṃ evaṃ ca sati svasmin vyāghrohaṃ varāhohamiti nāropayet kiṃtvindriyaṃ manodvārā citisambaddhaṃ svakīyaṃ naratvameva gṛhṇīyāt |
athaivamahaṃkārostu svapnadaśāyāmāropārthaṃ buddhitattve na mānamasti maivaṃ suṣuptyavasthāyāṃ manovadahaṃkāropi nivṛttavyāpāra eva tathā ca śvāsaprayojakajīvanayoniyatnasya vyāpāraḥ syāditi tadanurodhena buddhitattvasyāpyāvaśyakatvāt tasmādbuddhitattvaṃ parigamena(?) sambaddho viṣayo gajaturagamahiṣādiḥ puruṣeṇa caitanyena sambadhyate tata āsaṃsārabuddhitattvanāśādeva ca mokṣa iti nānirmokṣaḥ |

akāraṇamakāryaṃ ca kūṭasthacaitanyarūpaḥ puruṣaḥ atrāyaṃ puruṣaḥ svayaṃ jyotiriti śrutyā tāvat svaprakāśamātmano 'bhidhīyate svaprakāśaṃ ca vijñānameva tenātmanaḥ svaprakāśatvamabhidadhatīyaṃ śrutirvijñānātmakatāṃ puruṣasyāvedayati |
na ca kṣaṇikasya jñānasya nityapuruṣātmakatvaṃ sambhavatīti jñānasya kṣaṇabhaṅguratvāsiddheḥ vināśavyavahārasya tava ghaṭākāśadivināśavyavahāravadaupādhikatvenāpyupapatteḥ puruṣātiriktacaitanyasvīkartustavāpi mate jñānasya kṣaṇikatve mānābhāvaḥ anyathā kālāntare 'nubhūtasmaraṇānupapattiḥ |
na ca saṃskāro dvāraṃ tatkalpanāpekṣayā jñānasya sthairyakalpanāyāṃ lāghavāt nityatvāccāsau na kasyacidvikāraḥ na vā kāraṇaṃ svaprakāśatvāt yadi hi svaprakāśasyāpyasya prakṛtitvamāśrīyate tarhyetadvikṛtitvenābhimatasyāpi svaprakāśatvamasya vā jaḍatvamāpadyeta samānayoreva prakṛtivikṛtibhāvopalambhāt bhedāgrahācca niṣkriyepi puruṣe kartṛtvābhimānaḥ evaṃ sukhaduḥkhādivyavahāropi tathāhi pariśuddhacaitanyavigrahaḥ prakṛtivikṛtibhāvānapetataṭasthaḥ puṣkarapalāśavannirlepo 'pyantaḥkaraṇākārapariṇataprakṛtitādātmyamavivekalakṣaṇamavidyayā pratipadyate tataścetaretarādhyāsādantaḥkaraṇāvṛttīnāṃ duḥkhādīnāṃ puruṣe puruṣadharmāṇāṃ ciccaitanyādīnāmantaḥkaraṇe 'dhyāsādahaṃ duḥkhītyādivyavahāro bhavatīti |
avidyānāmātāttvikī khyātiḥ sā ca tamoguṇodrekādāvirbhavantī viviktayostādātmyamavabhāsayati |
tataścottareṣāmasmitārāgadveṣābhiniveśānāṃ kleśaśabdābhidheyānāṃ heturavidyeti gīyate |
tatsiddhaṃ nirlepa evāyamiti |
asaṅgo hyayamiti śruterupapadyate ca |
na ca kopyasya vyāpāra iti ālocanaṃ tāvadindriyavyāpāraḥ vikalpastu manasaḥ abhimānohaṃkārasya kṛtyadhyavasāyo buddheḥ |
atha kṛtyadhyavasāyaḥ kṛtimattayā jñānaṃ tatkathamacetanāyā buddheriti buddhiraṃśatrayavatī puruṣoparāgo viṣayoparāgo vyāpārāveśaśceti |
bhavati hi mamedaṃ kartavyamiti tatra mametyaṃśaścetanasya darpaṇanirmalāyā buddheḥ pratibimba upadhānaṃ taccātāttvikameva caitanyena buddhervāstavasambandhābhāvāt yathā darpaṇaṃ mukhasambandhamantareṇāpi puruṣabhramastadvadihāpi |
idamiti viṣayopadhānaṃ tacca vāstavameka indriyapraṇālikayā buddhau jñānarūpaviṣayasambandhāt darpaṇasyeva niḥśvāsābhihatasya malinimā pāramārthikaḥ puruṣoparāgaḥ viṣayoparāgamāhimnā ca kṛtimattayādhyavasāyaḥ ayameva vyāpārāveśaḥ |
atha jñānameva caitanyaṃ kathamanayorbheda iti ucyate kṛtyadhyavasāyalakṣaṇavyāpāraviśiṣṭā buddhirindriyapraṇālikayā buddherviṣayasya ghaṭādeḥ sambandho vṛttiviśeṣastadeva jñānaṃ viṣayoparāgeṇa saha yaḥ puruṣoparāgasyātāttvikaḥ sambandhaḥ sa upalabdhiḥ yathā darpaṇaniṣṭhā malinimā darpaṇapratibimbitamukhe dṛśyate tatheti yāvat |
tathā ghaṭamahaṃ jānāmītyanuvyavasāyākhyopalabdhiriti vibhāvanīyam |

tadeva jñānaṃ sukhaduḥkhecchādveṣaprayatnadharmādharmarūpā aṣṭau bhāvā buddhereva ahaṃ jāne sukhītyādisāmānādhikaraṇyapratīteḥ |
nanu yatraite dharmāḥ sa eva cetanaḥ kiṃ na syāditi cenna anityadharmarūpatayā pariṇāmitvāt dharmadharmiṇorabhedāt |
ye punastayorbhedaṃ pratipannāstārkikaprabhṛtayaste tāvannīlo ghaṭā ityādyabhedāvagāhipratyayamapaśyanta upekṣaṇīyāḥ |
nanu pradhānasyācaitanyasya kathaṃ jagatkartṛtvaṃ yat khalu nāmnā rūpeṇa ca vyākriyate taccetanakartṛkaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ yathā ghaṭādi |
vivādādhyāsitaṃ ca jagannāmarūpeṇa vyākṛtaṃ tasmāccetanakartṛkamiti sambhāvyate cetano hi buddhāvālikhya nāmarūpe ghaṭā iti nāmnā rūpeṇa ca kambugrīvādinā bāhyaṃ ghaṭaṃ niṣpādayati |
ata eva ghaṭasya nivartyasyāpyantaḥsaṃkalpātmanā siddhasya karmakārakabhāvo ghaṭaṃ karotīti |

atra vadāmaḥ caitanyasya jagadupādānatve jagato jaḍatvānupapattiḥ yat kāryaṃ taccetanakartṛkamiti vyāptyā śarīrī kartā syāt kiṃ ca tathāpi jñānasya caitanyaviśiṣṭasya kṣityādijanakatve mānābhāvaḥ kulālādijñānecchayoḥ kṛtijanakatvenaivānyathāsiddhatvāt īśvarakṛteśca janyatvāt |
atha yaḥ kṛtimān sa jñānavāniti vyāptyā tatsiddhiḥ evaṃ hi yo jñānavān sa sukhītyādivyāptyā sukhamapīśvare syāt aprayojakatvaṃ cet tulyaṃ tavāpi |
karmaiva jagatkāraṇamityapi ye pratipannāste tāvannatyantaṃ pārihartavyāḥ dharmādharmātmakārthānarthalakṣaṇacodanālakṣaṇasya prakṛtyabhedāt buddhyākārapariṇatāyā eva prakṛteraṣṭau bhāvā ityabhyupagamāt /

athedānīṃ pramāṇaṃ vivecayāmaḥ |
tat tāvat trividham pratyakṣānugamānāgamabhedāt |
pratyakṣapramākaraṇaṃ pratyakṣam |
liṅgamanumānam |
athātītānāgatayoḥ kathaṃ liṅgabhāvaḥ jātyā dharmādharmātmanā tatsattvāt |
āptavacanaṃ śabdaḥ yathāsminnarapatinilaye gajarathaturagāḥ santīti |
pānthasakalādhyāyavacana(?)manumāne caritārthatvānnopamānamarhati |

arthāpattirabhāvaśca sambhavaśceṣṭitaṃ tathā /
naitihyamāgamātaddhi vyaktamanyatra vistarāt //

sa cāyaṃ puruṣaḥ pratiśarīraṃ bhinnaḥ |
tathāhi vimatāni śarīrāṇi svasaṃkhyāsaṃkhyeyātmavanti śarīratvāt sampratipannavat kiṃ caivaṃ yathaikasminneva jīvati devadatte śarīre jāte vā ceṣṭāvati vā mṛte vā bhāvopi jātaceṣṭāvān mṛtaḥ kileti loko vyavaharati tathā śarīrāntarepi tathaiva vyavahārāt tasmāt puruṣabhedobhyupeyaḥ |

ekamevādvitīyamityādiśruteśca kathañcidupacaritārthatvena tathā ātmano hi vibhuniyatvādabhinnadeśakālā ityekatvenocyate ajo hyeko juṣamāṇo 'nuśete jahātyenāṃ bhuktabhogāmajo 'nya ityādiśruteśca puruṣabhedamavagacchāmaḥ |
kiṃ punarasya prayojanaṃ niḥśreyasaṃ kiṃ tat akhilānarthamūlabhūtāyā avidyāyāḥ sattvātiśayaviśeṣāvirbhūtavidyayā vināśe sati tatpuruṣasya sahajacaitanyātmanāvasthānaṃ tanmokṣāparaparyāyaṃ niḥśreyasaṃ prakṛtipuruṣavivekajñānaṃ ca taddhetuḥ /

nanu prakṛternityatvāt punarapi tamodrekasambhavādavidyāvirbhāvasambhave muktipracyutiḥ syāditi |
naitat dṛḍhatamacittavṛttinirodhalakṣaṇayogabalāt punarudrekānupapatteḥ |
yadāhuḥ sa tu dīrghakālanairantaryasatkārasevito dṛḍhabhūmirvyutthānasaṃskāreṇa na bādhyata iti |
atha nirlepasyāsya mahāpuruṣasya sambandha eva na kuto 'pavarga iti satyamāha kiṃ tu prakṛtereva bandhamokṣau puṃsyupacaryete tadāhuḥ |

rūpaiḥ saptabhirevaṃ badhnātyātmānamātmanā prakṛtiḥ /
saiva ca puruṣasyārthaṃ vimocayatyekarūpeṇa // iti /

ayamarthaḥ dharmādharmavairāgyāvairāgyaiśvaryānaiśvaryajñānājñānānyaṣṭau prakṛtirūpāṇi tatra jñānavyatiriktaiḥ dharmādharmādyaiḥ saptabhī rūpaiḥ prakṛtirātmanaivātmānaṃ badhnāti ekarūpeṇa jñānākhyena ca vimocayatīti |
yadāhuḥ |
dharmeṇa gamanamūrdhvaṃ gamanamadhastādbhavatyadharmeṇa /
jñānena cāpavargo viparyayādiṣyate bandham // iti /

śiṣṭaṃ sakalamakalaṅkaṃ cābhyudayasiddhāntasiddhamityupekṣitamiti |

darśitānarthamūlāya sarvatattvārthadarśine /
karuṇāpūrṇacittāya kapilāya namo namaḥ //


iti sāṃkhyārthatattvapradīpikā samāptā ||