 | Book 13 Chapter 131
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| 1 | umovāca
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| 1 | bhagavan bhaganetraghna pūṣṇo daśanapātana
dakṣakratuhara tryakṣa saṃśayo me mahān ayam
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| 2 | cāturvarṇyaṃ bhagavatā pūrvaṃ sṛṣṭaṃ svayaṃbhuvā
kena karmavipākena vaiśyo gacchati śūdratām
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| 3 | vaiśyo vā kṣatriyaḥ kena dvijo vā kṣatriyo bhavet
pratilomaḥ kathaṃ deva śakyo dharmo niṣevitum
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| 4 | kena vā karmaṇā vipraḥ śūdrayonau prajāyate
kṣatriyaḥ śūdratām eti kena vā karmaṇā vibho
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| 5 | etaṃ me saṃśayaṃ deva vada bhūtapate 'nagha
trayo varṇāḥ prakṛtyeha kathaṃ brāhmaṇyam āpnuyuḥ
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| 6 | maheśvara uvāca
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| 6 | brāhmaṇyaṃ devi duṣprāpaṃ nisargād brāhmaṇaḥ śubhe
kṣatriyo vaiśyaśūdrau vā nisargād iti me matiḥ
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| 7 | karmaṇā duṣkṛteneha sthānād bhraśyati vai dvijaḥ
jyeṣṭhaṃ varṇam anuprāpya tasmād rakṣeta vai dvijaḥ
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| 8 | sthito brāhmaṇadharmeṇa brāhmaṇyam upajīvati
kṣatriyo vātha vaiśyo vā brahmabhūyāya gacchati
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| 9 | yas tu vipratvam utsṛjya kṣātraṃ dharmaṃ niṣevate
brāhmaṇyāt sa paribhraṣṭaḥ kṣatrayonau prajāyate
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| 10 | vaiśyakarma ca yo vipro lobhamohavyapāśrayaḥ
brāhmaṇyaṃ durlabhaṃ prāpya karoty alpamatiḥ sadā
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| 11 | sa dvijo vaiśyatām eti vaiśyo vā śūdratām iyāt
svadharmāt pracyuto vipras tataḥ śūdratvam āpnute
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| 12 | tatrāsau nirayaṃ prāpto varṇabhraṣṭo bahiṣkṛtaḥ
brahmalokaparibhraṣṭaḥ śūdraḥ samupajāyate
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| 13 | kṣatriyo vā mahābhāge vaiśyo vā dharmacāriṇi
svāni karmāṇy apāhāya śūdrakarmāṇi sevate
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| 14 | svasthānāt sa paribhraṣṭo varṇasaṃkaratāṃ gataḥ
brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyo vaiśyaḥ śūdratvaṃ yāti tādṛśaḥ
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| 15 | yas tu śuddhaḥ svadharmeṇa jñānavijñānavāñ śuciḥ
dharmajño dharmanirataḥ sa dharmaphalam aśnute
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| 16 | idaṃ caivāparaṃ devi brahmaṇā samudīritam
adhyātmaṃ naiṣṭhikaṃ sadbhir dharmakāmair niṣevyate
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| 17 | ugrānnaṃ garhitaṃ devi gaṇānnaṃ śrāddhasūtakam
ghuṣṭānnaṃ naiva bhoktavyaṃ śūdrānnaṃ naiva karhi cit
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| 18 | śūdrānnaṃ garhitaṃ devi devadevair mahātmabhiḥ
pitāmahamukhotsṛṣṭaṃ pramāṇam iti me matiḥ
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| 19 | śūdrānnenāvaśeṣeṇa jaṭhare yo mriyeta vai
āhitāgnis tathā yajvā sa śūdragatibhāg bhavet
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| 20 | tena śūdrānnaśeṣeṇa brahmasthānād apākṛtaḥ
brāhmaṇaḥ śūdratām eti nāsti tatra vicāraṇā
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| 21 | yasyānnenāvaśeṣeṇa jaṭhare yo mriyeta vai
tāṃ tāṃ yoniṃ vrajed vipro yasyānnam upajīvati
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| 22 | brāhmaṇatvaṃ śubhaṃ prāpya durlabhaṃ yo 'vamanyate
abhojyānnāni cāśnāti sa dvijatvāt pateta vai
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| 23 | surāpo brahmahā kṣudraś cauro bhagnavrato 'śuciḥ
svādhyāyavarjitaḥ pāpo lubdho naikṛtikaḥ śaṭhaḥ
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| 24 | avratī vṛṣalībhartā kuṇḍāśī somavikrayī
nihīnasevī vipro hi patati brahmayonitaḥ
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| 25 | gurutalpī gurudveṣī gurukutsāratiś ca yaḥ
brahmadviṭ cāpi patati brāhmaṇo brahmayonitaḥ
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| 26 | ebhis tu karmabhir devi śubhair ācaritais tathā
śūdro brāhmaṇatāṃ gacched vaiśyaḥ kṣatriyatāṃ vrajet
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| 27 | śūdrakarmāṇi sarvāṇi yathānyāyaṃ yathāvidhi
śuśrūṣāṃ paricaryāṃ ca jyeṣṭhe varṇe prayatnataḥ
kuryād avimanāḥ śūdraḥ satataṃ satpathe sthitaḥ
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| 28 | daivatadvijasatkartā sarvātithyakṛtavrataḥ
ṛtukālābhigāmī ca niyato niyatāśanaḥ
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| 29 | caukṣaś caukṣajanānveṣī śeṣānnakṛtabhojanaḥ
vṛthāmāṃsāny abhuñjānaḥ śūdro vaiśyatvam ṛcchati
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| 30 | ṛtavāg anahaṃvādī nirdvaṃdvaḥ śamakovidaḥ
yajate nityayajñaiś ca svādhyāyaparamaḥ śuciḥ
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| 31 | dānto brāhmaṇasatkartā sarvavarṇabubhūṣakaḥ
gṛhasthavratam ātiṣṭhan dvikālakṛtabhojanaḥ
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| 32 | śeṣāśī vijitāhāro niṣkāmo nirahaṃvadaḥ
agnihotram upāsaṃś ca juhvānaś ca yathāvidhi
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| 33 | sarvātithyam upātiṣṭhañ śeṣānnakṛtabhojanaḥ
tretāgnimantravihito vaiśyo bhavati vai yadi
sa vaiśyaḥ kṣatriyakule śucau mahati jāyate
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| 34 | sa vaiśyaḥ kṣatriyo jāto janmaprabhṛti saṃskṛtaḥ
upanīto vrataparo dvijo bhavati satkṛtaḥ
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| 35 | dadāti yajate yajñaiḥ saṃskṛtair āptadakṣiṇaiḥ
adhīte svargam anvicchaṃs tretāgniśaraṇaḥ sadā
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| 36 | ārtahastaprado nityaṃ prajā dharmeṇa pālayan
satyaḥ satyāni kurute nityaṃ yaḥ sukhadarśanaḥ
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| 37 | dharmadaṇḍo na nirdaṇḍo dharmakāryānuśāsakaḥ
yantritaḥ kāryakaraṇe ṣaḍbhāgakṛtalakṣaṇaḥ
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| 38 | grāmyadharmān na seveta svacchandenārthakovidaḥ
ṛtukāle tu dharmātmā patnīṃ seveta nityadā
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| 39 | sarvopavāsī niyataḥ svādhyāyaparamaḥ śuciḥ
barhiṣkāntarite nityaṃ śayāno 'gnigṛhe sadā
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| 40 | sarvātithyaṃ trivargasya kurvāṇaḥ sumanāḥ sadā
śūdrāṇāṃ cānnakāmānāṃ nityaṃ siddham iti bruvan
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| 41 | svārthād vā yadi vā kāmān na kiṃ cid upalakṣayet
pitṛdevātithikṛte sādhanaṃ kurute ca yaḥ
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| 42 | svaveśmani yathānyāyam upāste bhaikṣam eva ca
trikālam agnihotraṃ ca juhvāno vai yathāvidhi
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| 43 | gobrāhmaṇahitārthāya raṇe cābhimukho hataḥ
tretāgnimantrapūtaṃ vā samāviśya dvijo bhavet
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| 44 | jñānavijñānasaṃpannaḥ saṃskṛto vedapāragaḥ
vipro bhavati dharmātmā kṣatriyaḥ svena karmaṇā
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| 45 | etaiḥ karmaphalair devi nyūnajātikulodbhavaḥ
śūdro 'py āgamasaṃpanno dvijo bhavati saṃskṛtaḥ
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| 46 | brāhmaṇo vāpy asadvṛttaḥ sarvasaṃkarabhojanaḥ
brāhmaṇyaṃ puṇyam utsṛjya śūdro bhavati tādṛśaḥ
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| 47 | karmabhiḥ śucibhir devi śuddhātmā vijitendriyaḥ
śūdro 'pi dvijavat sevya iti brahmābravīt svayam
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| 48 | svabhāvakarma ca śubhaṃ yatra śūdre 'pi tiṣṭhati
viśuddhaḥ sa dvijātir vai vijñeya iti me matiḥ
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| 49 | na yonir nāpi saṃskāro na śrutaṃ na ca saṃnatiḥ
kāraṇāni dvijatvasya vṛttam eva tu kāraṇam
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| 50 | sarvo 'yaṃ brāhmaṇo loke vṛttena tu vidhīyate
vṛtte sthitaś ca suśroṇi brāhmaṇatvaṃ nigacchati
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| 51 | brāhmaḥ svabhāvaḥ kalyāṇi samaḥ sarvatra me matiḥ
nirguṇaṃ nirmalaṃ brahma yatra tiṣṭhati sa dvijaḥ
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| 52 | ete yoniphalā devi sthānabhāganidarśakāḥ
svayaṃ ca varadenoktā brahmaṇā sṛjatā prajāḥ
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| 53 | brāhmaṇo hi mahat kṣetraṃ loke carati pādavat
yat tatra bījaṃ vapati sā kṛṣiḥ pāralaukikī
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| 54 | mitāśinā sadā bhāvyaṃ satpathālambinā sadā
brāhmamārgam atikramya vartitavyaṃ bubhūṣatā
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| 55 | saṃhitādhyāyinā bhāvyaṃ gṛhe vai gṛhamedhinā
nityaṃ svādhyāyayuktena dānādhyayanajīvinā
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| 56 | evaṃbhūto hi yo vipraḥ satataṃ satpathe sthitaḥ
āhitāgnir adhīyāno brahmabhūyāya kalpate
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| 57 | brāhmaṇyam eva saṃprāpya rakṣitavyaṃ yatātmabhiḥ
yonipratigrahādānaiḥ karmabhiś ca śucismite
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| 58 | etat te sarvam ākhyātaṃ yathā śūdro bhaved dvijaḥ
brāhmaṇo vā cyuto dharmād yathā śūdratvam āpnute
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