 | Book 13 Chapter 47
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| 1 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca
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| 1 | sarvaśāstravidhānajña rājadharmārthavittama
atīva saṃśayacchettā bhavān vai prathitaḥ kṣitau
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| 2 | kaś cit tu saṃśayo me 'sti tan me brūhi pitāmaha
asyām āpadi kaṣṭāyām anyaṃ pṛcchāma kaṃ vayam
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| 3 | yathā nareṇa kartavyaṃ yaś ca dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ
etat sarvaṃ mahābāho bhavān vyākhyātum arhati
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| 4 | catasro vihitā bhāryā brāhmaṇasya pitāmaha
brāhmaṇī kṣatriyā vaiśyā śūdrā ca ratim icchataḥ
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| 5 | tatra jāteṣu putreṣu sarvāsāṃ kurusattama
ānupūrvyeṇa kas teṣāṃ pitryaṃ dāyādyam arhati
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| 6 | kena vā kiṃ tato hāryaṃ pitṛvittāt pitāmaha
etad icchāmi kathitaṃ vibhāgas teṣu yaḥ smṛtaḥ
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| 7 | bhīṣma uvāca
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| 7 | brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyo vaiśyas trayo varṇā dvijātayaḥ
eteṣu vihito dharmo brāhmaṇasya yudhiṣṭhira
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| 8 | vaiṣamyād atha vā lobhāt kāmād vāpi paraṃtapa
brāhmaṇasya bhavec chūdrā na tu dṛṣṭāntataḥ smṛtā
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| 9 | śūdrāṃ śayanam āropya brāhmaṇaḥ pīḍito bhavet
prāyaścittīyate cāpi vidhidṛṣṭena hetunā
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| 10 | tatra jāteṣv apatyeṣu dviguṇaṃ syād yudhiṣṭhira
atas te niyamaṃ vitte saṃpravakṣyāmi bhārata
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| 11 | lakṣaṇyo govṛṣo yānaṃ yat pradhānatamaṃ bhavet
brāhmaṇyās tad dharet putra ekāṃśaṃ vai pitur dhanāt
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| 12 | śeṣaṃ tu daśadhā kāryaṃ brāhmaṇasvaṃ yudhiṣṭhira
tatra tenaiva hartavyāś catvāro 'ṃśāḥ pitur dhanāt
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| 13 | kṣatriyāyās tu yaḥ putro brāhmaṇaḥ so 'py asaṃśayaḥ
sa tu mātṛviśeṣeṇa trīn aṃśān hartum arhati
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| 14 | varṇe tṛtīye jātas tu vaiśyāyāṃ brāhmaṇād api
dviraṃśas tena hartavyo brāhmaṇasvād yudhiṣṭhira
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| 15 | śūdrāyāṃ brāhmaṇāj jāto nityādeyadhanaḥ smṛtaḥ
alpaṃ vāpi pradātavyaṃ śūdrāputrāya bhārata
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| 16 | daśadhā pravibhaktasya dhanasyaiṣa bhavet kramaḥ
savarṇāsu tu jātānāṃ samān bhāgān prakalpayet
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| 17 | abrāhmaṇaṃ tu manyante śūdrāputram anaipuṇāt
triṣu varṇeṣu jāto hi brāhmaṇād brāhmaṇo bhavet
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| 18 | smṛtā varṇāś ca catvāraḥ pañcamo nādhigamyate
haret tu daśamaṃ bhāgaṃ śūdrāputraḥ pitur dhanāt
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| 19 | tat tu dattaṃ haret pitrā nādattaṃ hartum arhati
avaśyaṃ hi dhanaṃ deyaṃ śūdrāputrāya bhārata
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| 20 | ānṛśaṃsyaṃ paro dharma iti tasmai pradīyate
yatra tatra samutpanno guṇāyaivopakalpate
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| 21 | yadi vāpy ekaputraḥ syād aputro yadi vā bhavet
nādhikaṃ daśamād dadyāc chūdrāputrāya bhārata
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| 22 | traivārṣikād yadā bhaktād adhikaṃ syād dvijasya tu
yajeta tena dravyeṇa na vṛthā sādhayed dhanam
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| 23 | trisāhasraparo dāyaḥ striyo deyo dhanasya vai
tac ca bhartrā dhanaṃ dattaṃ nādattaṃ bhoktum arhati
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| 24 | strīṇāṃ tu patidāyādyam upabhogaphalaṃ smṛtam
nāpahāraṃ striyaḥ kuryuḥ pativittāt kathaṃ cana
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| 25 | striyās tu yad bhaved vittaṃ pitrā dattaṃ yudhiṣṭhira
brāhmaṇyās tad dharet kanyā yathā putras tathā hi sā
sā hi putrasamā rājan vihitā kurunandana
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| 26 | evam etat samuddiṣṭaṃ dharmeṣu bharatarṣabha
etad dharmam anusmṛtya na vṛthā sādhayed dhanam
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| 27 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca
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| 27 | śūdrāyāṃ brāhmaṇāj jāto yady adeyadhanaḥ smṛtaḥ
kena prativiśeṣeṇa daśamo 'py asya dīyate
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| 28 | brāhmaṇyāṃ brāhmaṇāj jāto brāhmaṇaḥ syān na saṃśayaḥ
kṣatriyāyāṃ tathaiva syād vaiśyāyām api caiva hi
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| 29 | kasmāt te viṣamaṃ bhāgaṃ bhajeran nṛpasattama
yadā sarve trayo varṇās tvayoktā brāhmaṇā iti
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| 30 | bhīṣma uvāca
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| 30 | dārā ity ucyate loke nāmnaikena paraṃtapa
proktena caikanāmnāyaṃ viśeṣaḥ sumahān bhavet
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| 31 | tisraḥ kṛtvā puro bhāryāḥ paścād vindeta brāhmaṇīm
sā jyeṣṭhā sā ca pūjyā syāt sā ca tābhyo garīyasī
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| 32 | snānaṃ prasādhanaṃ bhartur dantadhāvanam añjanam
havyaṃ kavyaṃ ca yac cānyad dharmayuktaṃ bhaved gṛhe
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| 33 | na tasyāṃ jātu tiṣṭhantyām anyā tat kartum arhati
brāhmaṇī tv eva tat kuryād brāhmaṇasya yudhiṣṭhira
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| 34 | annaṃ pānaṃ ca mālyaṃ ca vāsāṃsy ābharaṇāni ca
brāhmaṇyai tāni deyāni bhartuḥ sā hi garīyasī
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| 35 | manunābhihitaṃ śāstraṃ yac cāpi kurunandana
tatrāpy eṣa mahārāja dṛṣṭo dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ
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| 36 | atha ced anyathā kuryād yadi kāmād yudhiṣṭhira
yathā brāhmaṇacaṇḍālaḥ pūrvadṛṣṭas tathaiva saḥ
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| 37 | brāhmaṇyāḥ sadṛśaḥ putraḥ kṣatriyāyāś ca yo bhavet
rājan viśeṣo nāsty atra varṇayor ubhayor api
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| 38 | na tu jātyā samā loke brāhmaṇyāḥ kṣatriyā bhavet
brāhmaṇyāḥ prathamaḥ putro bhūyān syād rājasattama
bhūyo 'pi bhūyasā hāryaṃ pitṛvittād yudhiṣṭhira
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| 39 | yathā na sadṛśī jātu brāhmaṇyāḥ kṣatriyā bhavet
kṣatriyāyās tathā vaiśyā na jātu sadṛśī bhavet
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| 40 | śrīś ca rājyaṃ ca kośaś ca kṣatriyāṇāṃ yudhiṣṭhira
vihitaṃ dṛśyate rājan sāgarāntā ca medinī
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| 41 | kṣatriyo hi svadharmeṇa śriyaṃ prāpnoti bhūyasīm
rājā daṇḍadharo rājan rakṣā nānyatra kṣatriyāt
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| 42 | brāhmaṇā hi mahābhāgā devānām api devatāḥ
teṣu rājā pravarteta pūjayā vidhipūrvakam
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| 43 | praṇītam ṛṣibhir jñātvā dharmaṃ śāśvatam avyayam
lupyamānāḥ svadharmeṇa kṣatriyo rakṣati prajāḥ
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| 44 | dasyubhir hriyamāṇaṃ ca dhanaṃ dārāś ca sarvaśaḥ
sarveṣām eva varṇānāṃ trātā bhavati pārthivaḥ
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| 45 | bhūyān syāt kṣatriyāputro vaiśyāputrān na saṃśayaḥ
bhūyas tenāpi hartavyaṃ pitṛvittād yudhiṣṭhira
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| 46 | yudhiṣṭhira uvāca
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| 46 | uktaṃ te vidhivad rājan brāhmaṇasve pitāmaha
itareṣāṃ tu varṇānāṃ kathaṃ viniyamo bhavet
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| 47 | bhīṣma uvāca
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| 47 | kṣatriyasyāpi bhārye dve vihite kurunandana
tṛtīyā ca bhavec chūdrā na tu dṛṣṭāntataḥ smṛtā
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| 48 | eṣa eva kramo hi syāt kṣatriyāṇāṃ yudhiṣṭhira
aṣṭadhā tu bhavet kāryaṃ kṣatriyasvaṃ yudhiṣṭhira
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| 49 | kṣatriyāyā haret putraś caturo 'ṃśān pitur dhanāt
yuddhāvahārikaṃ yac ca pituḥ syāt sa harec ca tat
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| 50 | vaiśyāputras tu bhāgāṃs trīn śūdrāputras tathāṣṭamam
so 'pi dattaṃ haret pitrā nādattaṃ hartum arhati
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| 51 | ekaiva hi bhaved bhāryā vaiśyasya kurunandana
dvitīyā vā bhavec chūdrā na tu dṛṣṭāntataḥ smṛtā
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| 52 | vaiśyasya vartamānasya vaiśyāyāṃ bharatarṣabha
śūdrāyāṃ caiva kaunteya tayor viniyamaḥ smṛtaḥ
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| 53 | pañcadhā tu bhavet kāryaṃ vaiśyasvaṃ bharatarṣabha
tayor apatye vakṣyāmi vibhāgaṃ ca janādhipa
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| 54 | vaiśyāputreṇa hartavyāś catvāro 'ṃśāḥ pitur dhanāt
pañcamas tu bhaved bhāgaḥ śūdrāputrāya bhārata
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| 55 | so 'pi dattaṃ haret pitrā nādattaṃ hartum arhati
tribhir varṇais tathā jātaḥ śūdro deyadhano bhavet
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| 56 | śūdrasya syāt savarṇaiva bhāryā nānyā kathaṃ cana
śūdrasya samabhāgaḥ syād yadi putraśataṃ bhavet
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| 57 | jātānāṃ samavarṇāsu putrāṇām aviśeṣataḥ
sarveṣām eva varṇānāṃ samabhāgo dhane smṛtaḥ
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| 58 | jyeṣṭhasya bhāgo jyeṣṭhaḥ syād ekāṃśo yaḥ pradhānataḥ
eṣa dāyavidhiḥ pārtha pūrvam uktaḥ svayaṃbhuvā
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| 59 | samavarṇāsu jātānāṃ viśeṣo 'sty aparo nṛpa
vivāhavaiśeṣyakṛtaḥ pūrvaḥ pūrvo viśiṣyate
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| 60 | harej jyeṣṭhaḥ pradhānāṃśam ekaṃ tulyāsuteṣv api
madhyamo madhyamaṃ caiva kanīyāṃs tu kanīyasam
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| 61 | evaṃ jātiṣu sarvāsu savarṇāḥ śreṣṭhatāṃ gatāḥ
maharṣir api caitad vai mārīcaḥ kāśyapo 'bravīt
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