 | Book 5 Chapter 33
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| 1 | vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca
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| 1 | dvāḥsthaṃ prāha mahāprājño dhṛtarāṣṭro mahīpatiḥ
viduraṃ draṣṭum icchāmi tam ihānaya māciram
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| 2 | prahito dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dūtaḥ kṣattāram abravīt
īśvaras tvāṃ mahārājo mahāprājña didṛkṣati
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| 3 | evam uktas tu viduraḥ prāpya rājaniveśanam
abravīd dhṛtarāṣṭrāya dvāḥstha māṃ prativedaya
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| 4 | dvāḥstha uvāca
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| 4 | viduro 'yam anuprāpto rājendra tava śāsanāt
draṣṭum icchati te pādau kiṃ karotu praśādhi mām
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| 5 | dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca
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| 5 | praveśaya mahāprājñaṃ viduraṃ dīrghadarśinam
ahaṃ hi vidurasyāsya nākālyo jātu darśane
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| 6 | dvāḥstha uvāca
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| 6 | praviśāntaḥpuraṃ kṣattar mahārājasya dhīmataḥ
na hi te darśane 'kālyo jātu rājā bravīti mām
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| 7 | vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca
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| 7 | tataḥ praviśya viduro dhṛtarāṣṭraniveśanam
abravīt prāñjalir vākyaṃ cintayānaṃ narādhipam
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| 8 | viduro 'haṃ mahāprājña saṃprāptas tava śāsanāt
yadi kiṃ cana kartavyam ayam asmi praśādhi mām
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| 9 | dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca
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| 9 | saṃjayo vidura prāpto garhayitvā ca māṃ gataḥ
ajātaśatroḥ śvo vākyaṃ sabhāmadhye sa vakṣyati
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| 10 | tasyādya kuruvīrasya na vijñātaṃ vaco mayā
tan me dahati gātrāṇi tad akārṣīt prajāgaram
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| 11 | jāgrato dahyamānasya śreyo yad iha paśyasi
tad brūhi tvaṃ hi nas tāta dharmārthakuśalo hy asi
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| 12 | yataḥ prāptaḥ saṃjayaḥ pāṇḍavebhyo; na me yathāvan manasaḥ praśāntiḥ
sarvendriyāṇy aprakṛtiṃ gatāni; kiṃ vakṣyatīty eva hi me 'dya cintā
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| 13 | vidura uvāca
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| 13 | abhiyuktaṃ balavatā durbalaṃ hīnasādhanam
hṛtasvaṃ kāminaṃ coram āviśanti prajāgarāḥ
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| 14 | kaccid etair mahādoṣair na spṛṣṭo 'si narādhipa
kaccin na paravitteṣu gṛdhyan viparitapyase
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| 15 | dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca
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| 15 | śrotum icchāmi te dharmyaṃ paraṃ naiḥśreyasaṃ vacaḥ
asmin rājarṣivaṃśe hi tvam ekaḥ prājñasaṃmataḥ
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| 16 | vidura uvāca
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| 16 | niṣevate praśastāni ninditāni na sevate
anāstikaḥ śraddadhāna etat paṇḍitalakṣaṇam
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| 17 | krodho harṣaś ca darpaś ca hrīstambho mānyamānitā
yam arthān nāpakarṣanti sa vai paṇḍita ucyate
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| 18 | yasya kṛtyaṃ na jānanti mantraṃ vā mantritaṃ pare
kṛtam evāsya jānanti sa vai paṇḍita ucyate
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| 19 | yasya kṛtyaṃ na vighnanti śītam uṣṇaṃ bhayaṃ ratiḥ
samṛddhir asamṛddhir vā sa vai paṇḍita ucyate
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| 20 | yasya saṃsāriṇī prajñā dharmārthāv anuvartate
kāmād arthaṃ vṛṇīte yaḥ sa vai paṇḍita ucyate
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| 21 | yathāśakti cikīrṣanti yathāśakti ca kurvate
na kiṃ cid avamanyante paṇḍitā bharatarṣabha
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| 22 | kṣipraṃ vijānāti ciraṃ śṛṇoti; vijñāya cārthaṃ bhajate na kāmāt
nāsaṃpṛṣṭo vyupayuṅkte parārthe; tat prajñānaṃ prathamaṃ paṇḍitasya
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| 23 | nāprāpyam abhivāñchanti naṣṭaṃ necchanti śocitum
āpatsu ca na muhyanti narāḥ paṇḍitabuddhayaḥ
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| 24 | niścitya yaḥ prakramate nāntar vasati karmaṇaḥ
avandhyakālo vaśyātmā sa vai paṇḍita ucyate
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| 25 | āryakarmaṇi rajyante bhūtikarmāṇi kurvate
hitaṃ ca nābhyasūyanti paṇḍitā bharatarṣabha
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| 26 | na hṛṣyaty ātmasaṃmāne nāvamānena tapyate
gāṅgo hrada ivākṣobhyo yaḥ sa paṇḍita ucyate
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| 27 | tattvajñaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ yogajñaḥ sarvakarmaṇām
upāyajño manuṣyāṇāṃ naraḥ paṇḍita ucyate
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| 28 | pravṛttavāk citrakatha ūhavān pratibhānavān
āśu granthasya vaktā ca sa vai paṇḍita ucyate
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| 29 | śrutaṃ prajñānugaṃ yasya prajñā caiva śrutānugā
asaṃbhinnāryamaryādaḥ paṇḍitākhyāṃ labheta saḥ
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| 30 | aśrutaś ca samunnaddho daridraś ca mahāmanāḥ
arthāṃś cākarmaṇā prepsur mūḍha ity ucyate budhaiḥ
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| 31 | svam arthaṃ yaḥ parityajya parārtham anutiṣṭhati
mithyā carati mitrārthe yaś ca mūḍhaḥ sa ucyate
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| 32 | akāmān kāmayati yaḥ kāmayānān paridviṣan
balavantaṃ ca yo dveṣṭi tam āhur mūḍhacetasam
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| 33 | amitraṃ kurute mitraṃ mitraṃ dveṣṭi hinasti ca
karma cārabhate duṣṭaṃ tam āhur mūḍhacetasam
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| 34 | saṃsārayati kṛtyāni sarvatra vicikitsate
ciraṃ karoti kṣiprārthe sa mūḍho bharatarṣabha
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| 35 | anāhūtaḥ praviśati apṛṣṭo bahu bhāṣate
viśvasaty apramatteṣu mūḍhacetā narādhamaḥ
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| 36 | paraṃ kṣipati doṣeṇa vartamānaḥ svayaṃ tathā
yaś ca krudhyaty anīśaḥ san sa ca mūḍhatamo naraḥ
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| 37 | ātmano balam ajñāya dharmārthaparivarjitam
alabhyam icchan naiṣkarmyān mūḍhabuddhir ihocyate
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| 38 | aśiṣyaṃ śāsti yo rājan yaś ca śūnyam upāsate
kadaryaṃ bhajate yaś ca tam āhur mūḍhacetasam
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| 39 | arthaṃ mahāntam āsādya vidyām aiśvaryam eva vā
vicaraty asamunnaddho yaḥ sa paṇḍita ucyate
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| 40 | ekaḥ saṃpannam aśnāti vas te vāsaś ca śobhanam
yo 'saṃvibhajya bhṛtyebhyaḥ ko nṛśaṃsataras tataḥ
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| 41 | ekaḥ pāpāni kurute phalaṃ bhuṅkte mahājanaḥ
bhoktāro vipramucyante kartā doṣeṇa lipyate
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| 42 | ekaṃ hanyān na vā hanyād iṣur mukto dhanuṣmatā
buddhir buddhimatotsṛṣṭā hanyād rāṣṭraṃ sarājakam
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| 43 | ekayā dve viniścitya trīṃś caturbhir vaśe kuru
pañca jitvā viditvā ṣaṭ sapta hitvā sukhī bhava
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| 44 | ekaṃ viṣaraso hanti śastreṇaikaś ca vadhyate
sarāṣṭraṃ saprajaṃ hanti rājānaṃ mantravisravaḥ
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| 45 | ekaḥ svādu na bhuñjīta ekaś cārthān na cintayet
eko na gacched adhvānaṃ naikaḥ supteṣu jāgṛyāt
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| 46 | ekam evādvitīyaṃ tad yad rājan nāvabudhyase
satyaṃ svargasya sopānaṃ pārāvārasya naur iva
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| 47 | ekaḥ kṣamāvatāṃ doṣo dvitīyo nopalabhyate
yad enaṃ kṣamayā yuktam aśaktaṃ manyate janaḥ
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| 48 | eko dharmaḥ paraṃ śreyaḥ kṣamaikā śāntir uttamā
vidyaikā paramā dṛṣṭir ahiṃsaikā sukhāvahā
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| 49 | dvāv imau grasate bhūmiḥ sarpo bilaśayān iva
rājānaṃ cāviroddhāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ cāpravāsinam
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| 50 | dve karmaṇī naraḥ kurvann asmiṃl loke virocate
abruvan paruṣaṃ kiṃ cid asato nārthayaṃs tathā
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| 51 | dvāv imau puruṣavyāghra parapratyayakāriṇau
striyaḥ kāmitakāminyo lokaḥ pūjitapūjakaḥ
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| 52 | dvāv imau kaṇṭakau tīkṣṇau śarīrapariśoṣaṇau
yaś cādhanaḥ kāmayate yaś ca kupyaty anīśvaraḥ
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| 53 | dvāv imau puruṣau rājan svargasyopari tiṣṭhataḥ
prabhuś ca kṣamayā yukto daridraś ca pradānavān
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| 54 | nyāyāgatasya dravyasya boddhavyau dvāv atikramau
apātre pratipattiś ca pātre cāpratipādanam
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| 55 | trayo nyāyā manuṣyāṇāṃ śrūyante bharatarṣabha
kanīyān madhyamaḥ śreṣṭha iti vedavido viduḥ
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| 56 | trividhāḥ puruṣā rājann uttamādhamamadhyamāḥ
niyojayed yathāvat tāṃs trividheṣv eva karmasu
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| 57 | traya evādhanā rājan bhāryā dāsas tathā sutaḥ
yat te samadhigacchanti yasya te tasya tad dhanam
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| 58 | catvāri rājñā tu mahābalena; varjyāny āhuḥ paṇḍitas tāni vidyāt
alpaprajñaiḥ saha mantraṃ na kuryān; na dīrghasūtrair alasaiś cāraṇaiś ca
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| 59 | catvāri te tāta gṛhe vasantu; śriyābhijuṣṭasya gṛhasthadharme
vṛddho jñātir avasannaḥ kulīnaḥ; sakhā daridro bhaginī cānapatyā
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| 60 | catvāry āha mahārāja sadyaskāni bṛhaspatiḥ
pṛcchate tridaśendrāya tānīmāni nibodha me
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| 61 | devatānāṃ ca saṃkalpam anubhāvaṃ ca dhīmatām
vinayaṃ kṛtavidyānāṃ vināśaṃ pāpakarmaṇām
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| 62 | pañcāgnayo manuṣyeṇa paricaryāḥ prayatnataḥ
pitā mātāgnir ātmā ca guruś ca bharatarṣabha
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| 63 | pañcaiva pūjayaṃl loke yaśaḥ prāpnoti kevalam
devān pitṝn manuṣyāṃś ca bhikṣūn atithipañcamān
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| 64 | pañca tvānugamiṣyanti yatra yatra gamiṣyasi
mitrāṇy amitrā madhyasthā upajīvyopajīvinaḥ
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| 65 | pañcendriyasya martyasya chidraṃ ced ekam indriyam
tato 'sya sravati prajñā dṛteḥ pādād ivodakam
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| 66 | ṣaḍ doṣāḥ puruṣeṇeha hātavyā bhūtim icchatā
nidrā tandrī bhayaṃ krodha ālasyaṃ dīrghasūtratā
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| 67 | ṣaḍ imān puruṣo jahyād bhinnāṃ nāvam ivārṇave
apravaktāram ācāryam anadhīyānam ṛtvijam
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| 68 | arakṣitāraṃ rājānaṃ bhāryāṃ cāpriyavādinīm
grāmakāmaṃ ca gopālaṃ vanakāmaṃ ca nāpitam
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| 69 | ṣaḍ eva tu guṇāḥ puṃsā na hātavyāḥ kadā cana
satyaṃ dānam anālasyam anasūyā kṣamā dhṛtiḥ
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| 70 | ṣaṇṇām ātmani nityānām aiśvaryaṃ yo 'dhigacchati
na sa pāpaiḥ kuto 'narthair yujyate vijitendriyaḥ
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| 71 | ṣaḍ ime ṣaṭsu jīvanti saptamo nopalabhyate
corāḥ pramatte jīvanti vyādhiteṣu cikitsakāḥ
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| 72 | pramadāḥ kāmayāneṣu yajamāneṣu yājakāḥ
rājā vivadamāneṣu nityaṃ mūrkheṣu paṇḍitāḥ
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| 73 | sapta doṣāḥ sadā rājñā hātavyā vyasanodayāḥ
prāyaśo yair vinaśyanti kṛtamūlāś ca pārthivāḥ
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| 74 | striyo 'kṣā mṛgayā pānaṃ vākpāruṣyaṃ ca pañcamam
mahac ca daṇḍapāruṣyam arthadūṣaṇam eva ca
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| 75 | aṣṭau pūrvanimittāni narasya vinaśiṣyataḥ
brāhmaṇān prathamaṃ dveṣṭi brāhmaṇaiś ca virudhyate
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| 76 | brāhmaṇasvāni cādatte brāhmaṇāṃś ca jighāṃsati
ramate nindayā caiṣāṃ praśaṃsāṃ nābhinandati
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| 77 | naitān smarati kṛtyeṣu yācitaś cābhyasūyati
etān doṣān naraḥ prājño buddhyā buddhvā vivarjayet
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| 78 | aṣṭāv imāni harṣasya navanītāni bhārata
vartamānāni dṛśyante tāny eva susukhāny api
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| 79 | samāgamaś ca sakhibhir mahāṃś caiva dhanāgamaḥ
putreṇa ca pariṣvaṅgaḥ saṃnipātaś ca maithune
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| 80 | samaye ca priyālāpaḥ svayūtheṣu ca saṃnatiḥ
abhipretasya lābhaś ca pūjā ca janasaṃsadi
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| 81 | navadvāram idaṃ veśma tristhūṇaṃ pañcasākṣikam
kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitaṃ vidvān yo veda sa paraḥ kaviḥ
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| 82 | daśa dharmaṃ na jānanti dhṛtarāṣṭra nibodha tān
mattaḥ pramatta unmattaḥ śrāntaḥ kruddho bubhukṣitaḥ
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| 83 | tvaramāṇaś ca bhīruś ca lubdhaḥ kāmī ca te daśa
tasmād eteṣu bhāveṣu na prasajjeta paṇḍitaḥ
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| 84 | atraivodāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam
putrārtham asurendreṇa gītaṃ caiva sudhanvanā
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| 85 | yaḥ kāmamanyū prajahāti rājā; pātre pratiṣṭhāpayate dhanaṃ ca
viśeṣavic chrutavān kṣiprakārī; taṃ sarvalokaḥ kurute pramāṇam
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| 86 | jānāti viśvāsayituṃ manuṣyān; vijñātadoṣeṣu dadhāti daṇḍam
jānāti mātrāṃ ca tathā kṣamāṃ ca; taṃ tādṛśaṃ śrīr juṣate samagrā
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| 87 | sudurbalaṃ nāvajānāti kaṃ cid; yukto ripuṃ sevate buddhipūrvam
na vigrahaṃ rocayate balasthaiḥ; kāle ca yo vikramate sa dhīraḥ
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| 88 | prāpyāpadaṃ na vyathate kadā cid; udyogam anvicchati cāpramattaḥ
duḥkhaṃ ca kāle sahate jitātmā; dhuraṃdharas tasya jitāḥ sapatnāḥ
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| 89 | anarthakaṃ vipravāsaṃ gṛhebhyaḥ; pāpaiḥ saṃdhiṃ paradārābhimarśam
dambhaṃ stainyaṃ paiśunaṃ madyapānaṃ; na sevate yaḥ sa sukhī sadaiva
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| 90 | na saṃrambheṇārabhate 'rthavargam; ākāritaḥ śaṃsati tathyam eva
na mātrārthe rocayate vivādaṃ; nāpūjitaḥ kupyati cāpy amūḍhaḥ
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| 91 | na yo 'bhyasūyaty anukampate ca; na durbalaḥ prātibhāvyaṃ karoti
nātyāha kiṃ cit kṣamate vivādaṃ; sarvatra tādṛg labhate praśaṃsām
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| 92 | yo noddhataṃ kurute jātu veṣaṃ; na pauruṣeṇāpi vikatthate 'nyān
na mūrcchitaḥ kaṭukāny āha kiṃ cit; priyaṃ sadā taṃ kurute jano 'pi
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| 93 | na vairam uddīpayati praśāntaṃ; na darpam ārohati nāstam eti
na durgato 'smīti karoti manyuṃ; tam āryaśīlaṃ param āhur agryam
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| 94 | na sve sukhe vai kurute praharṣaṃ; nānyasya duḥkhe bhavati pratītaḥ
dattvā na paścāt kurute 'nutāpaṃ; na katthate satpuruṣāryaśīlaḥ
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| 95 | deśācārān samayāñ jātidharmān; bubhūṣate yas tu parāvarajñaḥ
sa tatra tatrādhigataḥ sadaiva; mahājanasyādhipatyaṃ karoti
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| 96 | dambhaṃ mohaṃ matsaraṃ pāpakṛtyaṃ; rājadviṣṭaṃ paiśunaṃ pūgavairam
mattonmattair durjanaiś cāpi vādaṃ; yaḥ prajñāvān varjayet sa pradhānaḥ
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| 97 | damaṃ śaucaṃ daivataṃ maṅgalāni; prāyaścittaṃ vividhāṃl lokavādān
etāni yaḥ kurute naityakāni; tasyotthānaṃ devatā rādhayanti
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| 98 | samair vivāhaṃ kurute na hīnaiḥ; samaiḥ sakhyaṃ vyavahāraṃ kathāś ca
guṇair viśiṣṭāṃś ca purodadhāti; vipaścitas tasya nayāḥ sunītāḥ
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| 99 | mitaṃ bhuṅkte saṃvibhajyāśritebhyo; mitaṃ svapity amitaṃ karma kṛtvā
dadāty amitreṣv api yācitaḥ saṃs; tam ātmavantaṃ prajahaty anarthāḥ
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| 100 | cikīrṣitaṃ viprakṛtaṃ ca yasya; nānye janāḥ karma jānanti kiṃ cit
mantre gupte samyag anuṣṭhite ca; svalpo nāsya vyathate kaś cid arthaḥ
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| 101 | yaḥ sarvabhūtapraśame niviṣṭaḥ; satyo mṛdur dānakṛc chuddhabhāvaḥ
atīva saṃjñāyate jñātimadhye; mahāmaṇir jātya iva prasannaḥ
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| 102 | ya ātmanāpatrapate bhṛśaṃ naraḥ; sa sarvalokasya gurur bhavaty uta
anantatejāḥ sumanāḥ samāhitaḥ; svatejasā sūrya ivāvabhāsate
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| 103 |
vane jātāḥ śāpadagdhasya rājñaḥ; pāṇḍoḥ putrāḥ pañca pañcendrakalpāḥ
tvayaiva bālā vardhitāḥ śikṣitāś ca; tavādeśaṃ pālayanty āmbikeya
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| 104 | pradāyaiṣām ucitaṃ tāta rājyaṃ; sukhī putraiḥ sahito modamānaḥ
na devānāṃ nāpi ca mānuṣāṇāṃ; bhaviṣyasi tvaṃ tarkaṇīyo narendra
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