Bhagavadgita 9
with the commentaries of Sridhara, Madhusudana, Visvanatha and Baladeva

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anusvara
visarga
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BhG 9.1

śrī-bhagavān uvāca
idaṃ tu te guhyatamaṃ pravakṣyāmy anasūyave |
jñānaṃ vijñāna-sahitaṃ yaj jñātvā mokṣyase 'śubhāt ||1||

śrīdharaḥ -

pareśaḥ prāpyate śuddha-bhaktyeti sthitam aṣṭame |
navame tu tad-aiśvaryam atyāścaryaṃ prapañcyate ||

evaṃ tāvat saptamāṣṭamayoḥ svīyaṃ pārameśvaraṃ tattvaṃ bhaktyaiva sulabhaṃ nānyathā ity uktvā idānīm acintyaṃ svakīyam aiśvaryaṃ bhakteś cāsādhāraṇaṃ prabhāva`aprapañcayiṣyan bhagavān uvāca idam iti | viśeṣeṇa jñāyate 'neneti vijñānam upāsanam | tat-sahitaṃ jñānam īśvara-viṣayam | idaṃ tv anusūyave punaḥ punaḥ sva-māhātmyam evopadiśatīty evaṃ parama-kāruṇike mayi doṣa-dṛṣṭi-rahitāya | tubhyaṃ vakṣyāmi | tu-śabdo vaiśiṣṭye ||1||

madhusūdanaḥ - pūrvādhyāye mūrdhany anāḍī-dvārakeṇa hṛdaya-kaṇṭha-bhrū-madhyādi-dhāraṇā-sahitena sarvendriya-dvāra-saṃyama-guṇakena yogena svecchayotkrānta-prāṇasyārcir-ādi-mārgeṇa brahma-lokaṃ prayātasya tatra samyag-jñānodayena kalpānte para-brahma-prāpti-lakṣaṇā krama-muktir vyākhyātā | tatra cānenaiva prakāreṇa muktir labhyate nānayathety āśaṅkya- ananya-cetāḥ satataṃ yo māṃ smarati nityaśaḥ | tasyāhaṃ sulabhaḥ ity ādinā bhagavat-tattva-vijñānāt sākṣān mokṣa-prāptir abhihitā | tatra cānanyā bhaktir asādhāraṇo hetur ity uktaṃ puruṣaḥ sa paraḥ pārtha bhaktyā labhyas tv ananyayā iti | tatra pūrvokta-yoga-dhāraṇā-pūrva-prāṇotkramaṇārcir-ādi-mārga-gamana-kāla-vilambādi-kleśam antareṇaiva sākṣān mokṣa-prāptaye bhagavat-tattvasya tad-bhakteś ca vistareṇa jñāpanāya navamo 'dhyāya ārabhyate | aṣṭame dhyeya-brahma-nirūpaṇena tad-dhyāna-niṣṭhasya gatir uktā | navame tu jñeya-brahma-nirūpaṇena jñāna-niṣṭhasya gatir ucyata iti saṅkṣepaḥ | tatra vakṣyamāṇa-jñāna-stuty-arthās trīn ślokān |

idaṃ prāg bahudhoktam agre ca vakṣyamāṇam adhunocyamānaṃ jñānaṃ śabda-pramāṇakaṃ brahma-tattva-viṣayakaṃ te tubhyaṃ pravakṣyāmi | tu-śabdaḥ pūrvādhyāyoktād dhyānāj jñānasya vailakṣaṇyam āha | idam eva samyag-jñānaṃ sākṣān mokṣa-prāpti-sādhanaṃ na tu dhyānaṃ tasyājñānānivartakatvāt | tat tv antaḥkaraṇa-śuddhi-dvāredam eva jñānaṃ sampādya krameṇa mokṣaṃ janayatīty uktam |

kīdṛśaṃ jñānaṃ guhyatamaṃ gopanīyatamam atirahasyatvāt | yato vijñāna-sahitaṃ brahmānubhava-paryantam | īdṛśam atirahasyam apy ahaṃ śiṣya-guṇādhikyād vakṣyāmi tubhyam anasūyave | asūyā guṇeṣu doṣa-dṛṣṭis tad-āviṣkaraṇādi-phalā | sarvadāyam ātmaiśvarya-khyāpanenātmānaṃ praśaṃsati mat-purastād ity evaṃ rūpā tad-rahitāya | anenārjuava-saṃyamāv api śiṣya-guṇau vyākhyātau | punaḥ kīdṛśaṃ jñānaṃ yaj jñātvā prāpya mokṣyase sadya eva saṃsāra-bandhanād aśubhāt sarva-duḥkha-hetoḥ ||1||

viśvanāthaḥ ---

ārādhyatve prabhor dāsair aiśvaryaṃ yad apekṣitam |
tat śuddha-bhakter utkarṣaś cocyate navame sphuṭam ||

karma-jñāna-yogādibhyaḥ sakāśāt bhakter eve utkarṣaḥ | sā ca bhaktiḥ pradhānībhūtā kevalā ceti saptamāṣṭamayor uktam | tatrāpi kevalāyā atiprabalāyā jñānavad antaḥkaraṇa-śuddhy-ādy-anapekṣinyā bhakteḥ spaṣṭatayā eva sarvotkarṣaḥ | tasyām apekṣitam aiśvaryaṃ ca vaktuṃ navamo 'dhyāya ārabhyate | sarva-śāstra-sāra-bhūtasya gītā-śāstrasyāpi madhyam adhyāya-ṣaṭkam eva sāram | tasyāpi madhyamau navama-daśamāv eva sārāv ity ato 'tra nirūpayiṣyamāṇam arthaṃ stauti idaṃ tv iti tribhiḥ |

dvitīya-tṛtīyādhyāyādiṣu yad uktaṃ mokṣopayogi-jñānaṃ guhyam | saptamāṣṭamayor mat-prāpty-upayogi-jñānaṃ jñāyate 'nena bhagavat-tattvam iti jñānaṃ bhakti-tattvaṃ guhyataram | atra tu kevala-śuddha-bhakti-lakṣaṇaṃ jñānaṃ guhyatamaṃ prakarṣeṇaiva tubhyaṃ vakṣyāmi | atra tu jñāna-śabdena bhaktir avaśyaṃ vyākhyeyā, na tu prathama-ṣaṭkoktaṃ prasiddhaṃ jñānam | para-śloke 'vyayam anaśvaram iti viśeṣaṇa-dānād guṇātītatva-lābhād guṇātītā bhaktir eva | na tu jñānam, tasya sāttvikatvāt | aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā dharmasyāsya ity agrima-śloke dharma-śabdenāpi bhaktir evocyate | anasūyave 'matsarāyety anyo 'pīdam amatsarāyaivopadiśed iti vidhir vyañjitaḥ | vijñāna-sahitaṃ mad-aparokṣānubhava-paryantam ity arthaḥ | aśubhāt saṃsārād bhakti-pratibandhakād antarāyād vā ||1||

baladevaḥ -

bhakty-uddīpti-karaṃ svasya pāramaiśvaryam adbhutam |
sva-bhakteś ca mahotkarṣaṃ navame harir ūcivān ||

vijñānānanda-ghano 'saṅkhyeya-kalyāṇa-guṇa-ratnālayaḥ sarveśvaro 'haṃ śuddha-bhakti-sulabha iti saptamādibhyām abhidhāyedānīṃ bhakter uddīpakaṃ nijaiśvaryaṃ tasyāḥ prabhāva`acābhidhāsyann ādau tāṃ stauti idam iti tribhiḥ | idaṃ jñānaṃ mat-kīrtanādi-lakṣaṇa-bhakti-rūpam | paratra dharmasyāsya ity ukteḥ | kīrtanādeś cic-chakti-vṛttitvāt | jñāyate 'nena iti nirukteś ca | tat kila guhyatamam | dvitīyādāv upadiṣṭaṃ mad-aiśvarya-jñānaṃ guhyataram ity arthaḥ | navamādāv upadeśyaṃ tu kevala-bhakti-lakṣaṇam idaṃ jñānaṃ guhyatamam ity arthaḥ | tac ca vijñāna-sahitaṃ mad-anubhavāvasānaṃ te vakṣyāmi | kīdṛśāyety āha anasūyava iti | mad-guṇeṣu doṣāropa-rahitāya durgamasya sva-rahasyasyānukampayopadeṣṭari mayi nijaiśvarya-prakhyāpanenātmānaṃ praśaṃsasīti doṣa-dṛṣṭi-śūnyāyety arthaḥ | tenānyo 'py etad anasūyaṃ prati brūyād iti darśitam | yaj jñātvā tvam aśubhāt saṃsārān mokṣyase ||1||


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BhG 9.2

rāja-vidyā rāja-guhyaṃ pavitram idam uttamam |
pratyakṣāvagamaṃ dharmyaṃ susukhaṃ kartum avyayam ||2||

śrīdharaḥ - kiṃ ca rājavidyeti | idaṃ jñānaṃ rāja-vidyā vidyānāṃ rājā | rāja-guhyaṃ guhyānāṃ ca rājā | vidyāsu gopyeṣu ca atirahasyaṃ śreṣṭham ity arthaḥ | rāja-dantāditvād upasarjanasya paratvam | rājñāṃ vidyā rājñāṃ guhyam iti vā | uttamaṃ pavitram idam atyanta-pāvanam | jñānināṃ pratyakṣāvagamaṃ ca | pratyakṣaḥ spaṣṭo 'vagamo 'vabodho yasya tat pratyakṣāvagamam | dṛṣṭa-phalam ity arthaḥ | dharmyaṃ dharmād anapetam | vedokta-sarva-dharma-phalatvāt | kartuṃ ca susukhaṃ kartuṃ śakyam ity arthaḥ | avyayaṃ cākṣaya-phalatvāt ||2||

madhusūdanaḥ - punas tadābhimukhyāya taj-jñānaṃ stauti rājeti | rāja-vidyā sarvāsāṃ vidyānāṃ rājā sarvāvidyānāśakatvāt | vidyāntarasyāvidyaika-deśa-virodhitvāt | tathā rāja-guhyaṃ sarveṣāṃ guhyānāṃ rājā | aneka-janma-kṛta-sukṛta-sādhyatvena bahubhir ajñātatvāt | rāja-dantāditvād upasarjanasya para-nipātaḥ | pavitram idam uttamaṃ prāyaścittair hi kiṃcid ekam eva pāpaṃ nivartyate | nivṛttaṃ ca tat-sva-kāraṇe sūkṣma-rūpeṇa tiṣṭhaty eva | yataḥ punas tat-pāpam upacinoti puruṣaḥ | idaṃ tv aneka-janma-sahasra-sañcitānāṃ sarveṣām api pāpānāṃ sthūla-sūkṣmāvasthānāṃ tat-kāraṇasya cājñānasya ca sadya evocchedakam | ataḥ sarvottamaṃ pāvanam idam eva |

na cātīndriye dharma ivātra kasyacit sandehaḥ svarūpataḥ phalataś ca pratyakṣatād ity āha pratyakṣāvagamam avagamyate,nenety avagamo mānam avagamyate prāpyata ity avagamaḥ phalaṃ pratyakṣāvagamo mānam asminn iti svarūpataḥ sākṣi-pratyakṣatvam | pratyakṣo 'vagamo 'syeti phalataḥ sākṣi-pratyakṣatvam | mayedaṃ viditvam ato naṣṭam idānīm atra mamājñānam iti hi sārvalaukikaḥ sākṣy-anubhavaḥ |

evaṃ lokānubhava-siddhatve 'pi taj-jñānaṃ dharmyaṃ dharmād anapetam aneka-janma-saṃcita-niṣkāma-dharma-phalam | tarhi duḥsampādaṃ syān nety āha | susukhaṃ kartuṃ gurūpadarśita-vicāra-sahakṛtena vedānta-vākyena sukhena kartuṃ śakyaṃ na deśa-kālādi-vyavadhānam apekṣate pramāṇa-vastu-paratantratvāj jñānasya | evam anāyāsa-sādhyatve svalpa-phalatvaṃ syād atyāyāsa-sādhyānām eva karmaṇāṃ mahā-phalatva-darśanād iti nety āha avyayam | evam anāyāsa-sādhyasyāpy asya phalato vyahto nāstīty avyayam akṣaya-phalam ity arthaḥ | karmaṇā tv atimahatām api kṣayi-phalatvam eva yo vā etad akṣaraṃ gārgy aviditvāsmil loke juhoti yajate tapas tapyate bahūni varṣa-sahasrāṇy antavad evāsya tad bhavati iti [BAU 3.7.10] śruteḥ | tasmāt sarvotkṛṣṭatvāc chraddheyam evātma-jñānam ||2||

viśvanāthaḥ --- kiṃ ca | idaṃ jñānaṃ rāja-vidyā vidyā upāsanā vividhā eva bhaktayaḥ tāsāṃ rājā | rāja-dantāditvād para-nipātaḥ | guhyānāṃ rājeti bhakti-mātram evātiguhyaṃ tasya bahuvidhasyāpi rājā iti atiguhyatamam | pavitram idam iti sarva-pāpa-prāyaścittatvāt tvaṃ padārtah-jñānāc ca sakāśād api pāvitrya-karam | aneka-janma-sahasra-sañcitānāṃ sarveṣām api pāpānāṃ sthūla-sūkṣmāvasthānāṃ tat-kāraṇasya cājñānasya ca sadya evocchedakam | ataḥ sarvottamaṃ pāvanam idam eva iti madhusūdana sarasvatīpādāḥ | pratyakṣa evāvagamo 'nubhavo yasya tat |

bhaktiḥ pareśānubhavo viraktir
anyatra caiṣa trika eka-kālaḥ |
prapadyamānasya yathāśnataḥ syus
tuṣṭiḥ puṣṭiḥ kṣud-apāyo 'nu-ghāsam || [BhP 11.2.42]

ity ekādaśoketḥ pratipadam eva bhajanānurūpa-bhagavad-anubhava-lābhāt | dharmyaṃ dharmād anapetaṃ sarva-dharmākaraṇe 'pi sarva-dharma-siddheḥ -

yathā taror mūla-niṣecanena
tṛpyanti tat-skandha-bhujopaśākhāḥ |
prāṇopahārāc ca yathendriyāṇāṃ
tathaiva sarvārhaṇam acyutejyā || [BhP 4.31.14] iti nāradokteḥ |

kartuṃ susukham iti karma-jñānādāv iva nātra ko 'pi kāra-vāṅ-mānasa-kleśātiśayaḥ śravaṇa-kīrtanādi-bhakteḥ śrotrādīndriya-vyāpāra-mātratvāt | avyayaṃ karma-jñānādivan na naśvaraṃ nirguṇatvāt ||2||

baladevaḥ - rāja-vidyeti | vidyānāṃ śāṇḍilya-vaiśvānara-daharādi-śabda-pūrvāṇāṃ rājā rāja-vidyā | guhyānāṃ jīvātma-yāthātmyādi-rahasyānāṃ rājā rāja-guhyam idaṃ bhakti-rūpaṃ jñānam | rāja-dantāditvād upasarjanasya para-nipātaḥ | tathātve pratipādayituṃ viśinaṣṭi - uttamaṃ pavitraṃ liṅga-deha-paryanta-sarva-pāpa-praśamanāt | yad uktaṃ pādme-

aprārabdha-phalaṃ pāpaṃ kūṭaṃ bījaṃ phalonmukham |
krameṇaiva pralīyante viṣṇu-bhakti-ratātmanām || iti |

kramo 'tra parṇa-śataka-vedhavad bodhyaḥ | pratyakṣāvagamam avagamyata ity avagamo viṣayaḥ | sa yasmin pratyakṣe 'sti śravaṇādike 'bhyastyamāne tasmiṃs tad-viṣayaḥ puruṣottamo 'ham āvirbhavāmi | evam āha sūtrakāraḥ - prakāśaś ca karmaṇy abhyāsāt iti | dharmyaṃ dharmād anapetaṃ guru-śuśrūṣādi-dharmair nityaṃ puṣyamāṇam | śrutiś ca ācāryavān puruṣo veda ity ādyā |

kartuṃ susukhaṃ sukha-sādhyam | śrotrādi-vyāpāra-mātratvāt tulasī-pātrāmbu-culuka-mātropakaraṇatvāc ca | avyayam avināśi-mokṣe 'pi tasyānuvṛtteḥ | evaṃ vakṣyati bhaktyā mām abhijānāti ity ādinā | karma-yogādikaṃ tu nedṛśam ato 'sya rāja-vidyātvam | tatrāhuḥ rājñāṃ vidyā, rājñāṃ guhyam iti rājñām ivodāra-cetasāṃ kāruṇikānām iva divam api tucchīkurvatām iyaḥ vidyā na tu śīghraṃ putrādi-lipsayā devān abhyarcatāṃ dīna-cetasāṃ karmiṇām | rājāno hi mahāratnādi-sampad apy anihnuvānāḥ sva-mantraṃ yathātiyatnān nihnūyate tathānyāṃ vidyām anihnuvānā mad-bhaktā etām atiyatnān nihnuvīrann iti | samānam anyat ||2||

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BhG 9.3

aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā dharmasyāsya paraṃtapa |
aprāpya māṃ nivartante mṛtyu-saṃsāra-vartmani ||3||

śrīdharaḥ - nanv evam asyātisukaratve ke nāma saṃsāriṇaḥ syuḥ | tatrāha aśraddadhānā iti | asya bhakti-sahita-jñāna-lakṣaṇasya | dharmasyeti karmaṇi ṣaṣṭhī | imaṃ dharmam aśraddadhānā āstikyenāsvīkurvanta upāyāntarair mat-prāptaye kṛta-prayatnā api mām aprāpya mṛtyu-yukte saṃsāra-vartmani nimitte nivartante | mṛtyu-vyāpte saṃsāra-mārge paribhramantīty arthaḥ ||3||

madhusūdanaḥ - evam asya sukaratve sarvotkṛṣṭatve ca sarve 'pi kuto 'tra na pravartante, tathā ca na ko 'pi saṃsārī syād ity ata āha aśraddadhānā iti | asyātma-jñānākhyasya dharmasya svarūpe sādhane phale ca śāstra-pratipādite 'pi aśraddadhānā veda-virodhi-kuhetu-darśana-dūṣitāntaḥkaraṇatayā prāmāṇyam amanyamānāḥ pāpa-kāriṇo 'sura-sampadam ārūḍhāḥ sva-mati-kalpitenopāyena kathaṃcid yatamānā api śāstra-vihitopāyābhāvād aprāpya māṃ mat-prāpti-sādhanam apy alabdhvā nivartante niścayena vartante | kva mṛtyu-yukte saṃsāra-vartmani sarvadā janana-maraṇa-prabandhena nāraki-tiryag-ādi-yoniṣv eva bhramantīty arthaḥ ||3||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanv evam asyātisukha-karatve sati ko nāma saṃsārī syāt | tatrāha aśraddadhānā iti | asyeti karmaṇi ṣaṣṭhī ārṣī | imaṃ dharmam aśraddadhānāḥ śāstra-vākyaiḥ pratipāditaṃ bhakteḥ sarvotkarṣaṃ stuty-artha-vādam eva manyamānā āstikyena na svīkurvanti ye, ta upāyāntarair mat-prāptaye kṛta-prayatnā api mām aprāpya mṛtyu-vyāpte saṃsāra-vartmani nitarām atiśayena vartante ||3||

baladevaḥ -- nanv evaṃ sukare dharme sthite na ko 'pi saṃsāred iti cet tatrāha aśraddadhānā iti | dharmasyeti karmaṇi ṣaṣṭhī | imaṃ mad-bhakti-lakṣaṇaṃ dharmam śruty-ādi-prasiddha-prabhāvam apy aśraddadhānā dṛḍha-viśvāsena tam agṛhṇataḥ stuti-mātram evaitad iti ye manyante, te mat-prāptaye sādhanāntarāṇy anutiṣṭhanto 'pi bhakty-avahelanān mām aprāpya mṛtyu-yukte saṃsāra-vartmani nitarām vartante ||3||


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BhG 9.4

mayā tatam idaṃ sarvaṃ jagad avyakta-mūrtinā |
mat-sthāni sarva-bhūtāni na cāhaṃ teṣv avasthitaḥ ||4||

śrīdharaḥ - tad evaṃ vaktavyatayā prastutasya jñānasya stutyā śrotāram abhimukhīkṛtya tad eva jñānaṃ kathayati mayeti dvābhyām | avyaktā 'tīndriyā mūrtiḥ svarūpaṃ yasya | tādṛśena mayā kāraṇa-bhūtena sarvam idaṃ jagat tataṃ vyāptam | tat sṛṣṭvā tad evānuprāviśat ity ādi śruteḥ | ataeva kāraṇa-bhūte mayi tiṣṭhantīti mat-sthāni sarvāṇi bhūtāni carācarāṇi | evam api ghaṭādiṣu kāryeṣu mṛttikeva teṣu bhūteṣu nāham avasthitaḥ | ākāśavad asaṅgatvāt ||4||

madhusūdanaḥ - tad evaṃ vaktavyatayā pratijñātasya jñānasya vidhi-mukhenetara-niṣedha-mukhena ca stutyābhimukhīkṛtam arjunaṃ prati tad evāha dvābhyām mayeti | idaṃ jagat sarvaṃ bhūta-bhautika-tat-kāraṇa-rūpaṃ dṛśya-jātaṃ mad-ajñāna-kalpitaṃ māyādhiṣṭhānena paramārtha-satā sad-rūpeṇa sphuraṇa-rūpeṇa ca tataṃ vyāptaṃ rajju-khaṇḍeneva tad-ajñāna-kalpitaṃ sarpa-dhārādi | tvayā vāsudevena paricchinnena sarvaṃ jagat kathaṃ vyāptaṃ pratyakṣa-virodhād iti nety āha avyaktā sarva-karaṇāgocarībhūtā sva-prakāśādvaya-caitanya-sad-ānanda-rūpā mūrtir yasya tena mayā vyāptam idaṃ sarvaṃ na tv anena dehenety arthaḥ | ata eva santīva sphurantīva mad-rūpeṇa sthitāni mat-sthāni sarva-bhūtāni sthāvarāṇi jaṅgamāni ca | paramārthatas tu na ca naivāhaṃ teṣu kalpiteṣu bhūtesv avasthitaḥ kalpitākalpitayoḥ sambandhāyogāt | ataevoktaṃ yatra yad adhyastaṃ tat-kṛtena guṇena doṣeṇa vāṇu-mātreṇāpi na sa sambadhyata iti ||4||

viśvanāthaḥ --- yad dāsya-bhaktāv etan-mātraṃ mad-aiśvarya-jñānaṃ mad-bhaktair apekṣitavyam ity āha saptabhiḥ | avyaktā 'tīndriyā mūrtiḥ svarūpaṃ yasya tena mayā kāraṇa-bhūtena sarvam idaṃ jagat tataṃ vyāptam | ataeva mat-sthāni mayi kāraṇa-bhūte pūrṇa-caitanya-svarūpe sthitāni sarvāṇi bhūtāni carācarāṇi santi | evam api ghaṭādiṣu sva-kāryeṣu mṛgādivatteṣu bhūteṣu nāham avasthito 'saṅgatvāt ||4||

baladevaḥ - atha sva-bhakty-uddīpakam adbhuta-svaiśvaryam āha mayeti | avyaktā indriyāgrāhyā mūrtiḥ svarūpaṃ yasya tena mayā sarvam idaṃ jagat tataṃ dhartuṃ niyantuṃ ca vyāptam | ataeva sarvāṇi carācarāṇi bhūtāni vyāpake dhārake niyāmake ca mayi sthitāni bhavantīti teṣāṃ sthitis tad-adhīnā nety arthaḥ | iha nikhila-jagad-antaryāmiṇā svāṃśenāntaḥ praviśya niyacchāmi dadhāmi cety uktam | āha caivaṃ śrutiḥ yaḥ pṛthivyāṃ tiṣṭhat ity ādinā | ihāpi vakṣyati viṣṭabhyāham idaṃ kṛtsnam ity ādi ||4||


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BhG 9.5

na ca mat-sthāni bhūtāni paśya me yogam aiśvaram |
bhūta-bhṛn na ca bhūta-stho mamātmā bhūta-bhāvanaḥ ||5||

śrīdharaḥ - kiṃ ca na ceti | na ca mayi sthitāni bhūtāni | asaṅgatvād eva mama | nanu tarhi vyāpakatvam āśrayatvaṃ ca pūrvoktaṃ viruddham ity āśaṅkyāha paśyeti | me mama aiśvaryam asādhāraṇaṃ yogaṃ yuktim aghaṭana-ghaṭanā-cāturyaṃ paśya | madīya-yoga-māyā-vaibhavasyāvirtarkyatvān na kiñcid viruddham ity arthaḥ | anyad apy āścaryaṃ paśyety āha bhūteti | bhūtāni bibharti dhārayatīti bhūta-bhṛt | bhūtāni bhāvayati pālayatīti bhūta-bhāvanaḥ | evaṃ bhūto 'pi mamātmā paraṃ svarūpaṃ bhūtastho na bhavatīti | ayaṃ bhāvaḥ - yathā dehaṃ bibhrat pālayaṃś ca jīvo 'haṅkāreṇa tat-saṃśliṣṭas tiṣṭhaty evam ahaṃ bhūtāni dhārayan pālayann api teṣu na tiṣṭhāmi | nirahaṅkāratvād iti ||5||

madhusūdanaḥ - ataeva na ceti | diviṣṭha ivāditye kalpitāni jala-calanādīni mayi kalpitāni bhūtāni paramārthato mayi na santi | tvam arjunaḥ prākṛtīṃ manuṣya-buddhiṃ hitvā paśya paryālocaya me yogaṃ prabhāvam aiśvaram aghaṭana-ghaṭanā-cāturyaṃ māyāvina iva mamāvalokayety arthaḥ | nāhaṃ kasyacid ādheyo nāpi kaasyacid ādhāras tathāpy ahaṃ sarveṣu bhūteṣu mayi ca sarvāṇi bhūtānīti mahatīyaṃ māyā | yato bhūtāni sarvāṇi kāryāṇy upādānatayā bibharti dhārayati poṣayatīti ca bhūta-bhṛt | bhūtāni sarvāṇi kartṛtayotpādayatīti bhūta-bhāvanaḥ | evam abhinna-nimittopādāna-bhūto 'pi mamātmā mama parmaārtha-svarūpa-bhūtaḥ sac-cid-ānanda-ghano 'saṅgādvitīya-svarūpatvāc ca bhūtasthaḥ paramārthato na bhūta-sambandhī svapna-dṛg iva na paramārthataḥ sva-kalpita-sambandhīty arthaḥ | mamātmeti rāhoḥ śira itivat kalpanayā ṣaṣṭhī ||5||

viśvanāthaḥ --- tata eva mayi sthitāny api bhūtāni na mat-sthāni mamāsaṅgatvād eveti bhāvaḥ | nanu tarhi tava jagad-vyāpakatvam jagad-āśrayatvaṃ ca pūrvoktaṃ viruddham ity āha paśya me yogam aiśvaram asādhāraṇaṃ yogaiśvaryam aghaṭita-ghaṭanā-cāturya-mayam | anyad apy āścaryaṃ paśyety āha bhūtāni bibharti dhārayatīti bhūta-bhṛt | bhūtāni bhāvayati pālayatīti bhūta-bhāvanaḥ | evaṃ bhūto 'pi mamātmā bhūta-stho na bhavatīti mameti bhagavati deha-dehi-vibhāgābhāvāt | rāhoḥ śiraḥ itivad abhede 'pi ṣaṣṭhī | ayaṃ bhāvaḥ - yathā jīvo dehaṃ dadhat pālayann api tasmin āsaktyā deha-stha eva bhavati, evam ahaṃ bhūtāni dadhat pālayann api māyika-sarva-bhūta-śarīro 'pi na tatrastho niḥsaṅgatvād iti ||5||

baladevaḥ - nanv atiguruṃ bhāraṃ vahatas te mahān khedaḥ syād iti cet tatrāha na ceti | ghaṭādāv udakādīnīva bhāra-bhūtāni cabhūtāni saṃsṛṣṭāni mayi na santi | tarhi mat-sthāni saarva-bhūtānīty-ukti-viruddheteti mayi na santi | tarhi mat-sthāni sarva-bhūtānīty-uktir viruddheteti cet tatraha paśyeti | mamaiśvaraṃ mad-asādhāraṇaṃ yogaṃ paśya jānīhi yujyate 'nena durghaṭeṣu kāryeṣu iti nirukter yogo 'vicintya-śakti-vapuḥ satya-saṅkalpatā-lakṣaṇo dharamas tam ity arthaḥ | etad eva visphuṭayati bhūta-bhṛd iti bhūta-bhṛt bhūtānāṃ dhārakaḥ pālakaś cāhaṃ bhūtastho bhūta-saṃpṛkto naiva bhavāmi | yato mām ātmā mana eva bhūta-bhāvanaḥ satya-saṅkalpatā -lakṣaṇenaiśvareṇa yogenaivāhaṃ bhūtānāṃ dhāraṇaṃ pālanaṃ ca karomi, na tu sva-mūrti-vyāpāreṇety arthaḥ | śrutiś caivam āha - etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi sūryācandram asau vidhṛtau tiṣṭhata etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi dyāv āpṛthivyau vidhṛte tiṣṭhataḥ [BAU 3.7.9] ity ādinā | yadyapi svarūpān na mano bhinnaṃ, tathāpi sattā satīty ādivad viśeṣād vāstavaṃ bheda-kāryam ādāyaiva tathoktaṃ bodhyam ||5||

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BhG 9.6

yathākāśa-sthito nityaṃ vāyuḥ sarvatra-go mahān |
tathā sarvāṇi bhūtāni mat-sthānīty upadhāraya ||6||

śrīdharaḥ - asaṃśliṣṭayor apy ādhārādheya-bhāvaṃ dṛṣṭāntenāha yayeti | avakāśaṃ vināvasthānānupapatter nityam ākāśe sthito vāyuḥ sarvatra-go 'pi mahān api nākāśena saṃśliṣyate | niravayavatvena saṃśleṣāyogāt | tathā sarvāṇi bhūtāni mayi sthitānīti jānīhi ||6||

madhusūdanaḥ - asaṃśliṣṭayor apy ādhārādheya-bhāvaṃ dṛṣṭāntenāha yatheti | yathaivāsaṅga-svabhāva ākāśe sthito nityaṃ sarvadotpatti-sthiti-saṃhāra-kāleṣu vātīti vāyuḥ sarvadā calana-svabhāvaḥ | ataeva sarvatra gacchatīti sarvatra-gaḥ | mahān parimāṇataḥ | etādṛśo 'pi na na kadāpy ākāśena saha saṃsṛjyate | tathaivāsaṅga-svabhāve mayi saṃśleṣam antareṇaiva sarvāṇi bhūtāny ākāśādīni mahānti sarvatragāni ca sthitāni nāpi sthitānīty upadhāraya vimṛśyāvadhāraya ||6||

viśvanāthaḥ --- asaṅge mayi bhūtāni sthitāny api na sthitāni, teṣv apy ahaṃ sthito 'pi na sthita ity atra dṛṣṭāntam āha yatheti | yathaivāsaṅga-svabhāve ākāśe nityaṃ vātīti vāyuḥ sarvadā calana-svabhāvaḥ | ataeva sarvatra gacchatīti sarvatra-go mahān parimāṇataḥ yathā svākāśasya asaṅgatvāt tatra sthito 'pi na sthitaḥ | ākāśo 'pi vāyau sthito 'pi na sthito 'saṅgatvād eva tathaivāsaṅga-svabhāve mayi sarvāṇi bhūtāni ākāśādīni mahānti sarvatragāni sthitāni nāpi sthitānīty upadhāraya vimṛśya niścinu | nanu tarhi paśya me yogam aiśvaram iti bhagavad-uktaṃ yogaiśvaryasyātarkyatvaṃ kathaṃ siddham abhūt ? dṛṣṭānta-lābhāt | ucyate - ākāśasya jaḍatvā evāsaṅgatvam | cetanasya tv asaṅgatvaṃ jagad-adhiṣṭhānādhiṣṭhātṛtve parameśvaraṃ vinā nānyatrāstīty atarkyatvaṃ siddham eva | tad apy ākāśa-dṛṣṭānto loka-buddhi-praveśārtha eva jñeyaḥ ||6||

baladevaḥ - carācarāṇāṃ sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ mat-saṅkalpāyattā sthitir vṛttiś cety atra dṛṣṭāntam āha yatheti | yathā nirālambe mahaty ākāśe nirālambo mahān vāyuḥ sthitaḥ sarvatra gacchati | tasya tasya ca nirālambatayā sthitir mat-saṅkalpād eva pravṛttiś cety antaryāmi-brāhmaṇāt yad bhīṣā vātaḥ pavate iti śruty-antarāc copadhārayeti, tathā sarvāṇi sthira-carāṇi bhūtāni mat-sthāni tair ansaṃtuṣṭe mayi sthitāni mayaiva saṅkalpa-mātreṇa dhṛtāni nityamitāni cety upadhāraya | anyathā ākāśādīni vibhraṃśerann iti ||6||


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BhG 9.7

sarva-bhūtāni kaunteya prakṛtiṃ yānti māmikām |
kalpa-kṣaye punas tāni kalpādau visṛjāmy aham ||7||

śrīdharaḥ - tad evam asaṅgasyaiva yogamāyayā sthiti-hetutvam uktam | tayaiva sṛṣṭi-prayala-hetutvaṃ cāha sarveti | kalpa-kṣaye pralaya-kāle sarvāṇi bhūtāni prakṛtiṃ yānti | triguṇātmikāyāṃ māyāyāṃ līyante | punaḥ kalpādau sṛṣṭi-kāle tāni visṛjāmi viśeṣeṇa sṛjāmi ||7||

madhusūdanaḥ - evam utpatti-kāle sthiti-kāle ca kalpitena prapañcenāsaṅgasyātmano 'saṃśleṣam uktvā pralaye 'pi tam āha sarvetei | sarvāṇi bhūtāni kalpa-kṣaye pralaya-kāle māmikāṃ mac-chaktitvena kalpitāṃ prakṛtiṃ triguṇātmikāṃ māyāṃ sva-kāraṇa-bhūtāṃ yānti tatraiva sūkṣma-rūpeṇa līyanta ity arthaḥ | he kaunteyety uktārtham | punas tāni kalpādau sarga-kāle visṛjāmi prakṛtāv avibhāgāpannāni vyanajmi ahaṃ sarvajñaḥ sarva-śaktir īśvaraḥ ||7||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanv adhunā dṛśyamāny etāni bhūtāni tvayi sthitānīty avagamyate | mahā-pralaye kva yāsyantīty apekṣāyām āha sarveti | māmikāṃ madīyāṃ mama triguṇātmikāyāṃ māyā-śaktau līyanta ity arthaḥ | punaḥ kalpa-kṣaye pralayānte sṛṣṭi-kāle tāni viśeṣeṇa sṛjāmi ||7||

baladevaḥ - sva-saṅkalpād eva bhūtānāṃ sthitir uktā | atha tasmād eva teṣāṃ sarga-pralayāv āha sarveti | he kaunteya ! kalpa-kṣaye caturmukhāvasāna-kāle sarvāṇi bhūtāni mat-saṅkalpād eva māmikāṃ prakṛtiṃ yānit | prakṛti-śaktike mayi vilīyante kalpādau punas tāny aham eva bahu syām iti saṅkalpa-mātreṇa vaividhyena sṛjāmi ||7||

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BhG 9.8

prakṛtiṃ svām avaṣṭabhya visṛjāmi punaḥ punaḥ |
bhūta-grāmam imaṃ kṛtsnam avaśaṃ prakṛter vaśāt ||8||

śrīdharaḥ - nanv asaṅgo nirvikāraś ca tvaṃ kathaṃ sṛjasīty apekṣāyām āha - prakṛtim iti | svāṃ svīyāṃ svādhīnāṃ prakṛtim avaṣṭabhyādhiṣṭhāya | pralaye līnaṃ santaṃ caturvidham imaṃ sarvaṃ bhūta-grāmaṃ karmādi-paravaśaṃ punaḥ punar vividhaṃ sṛjāmi | viśeṣeṇa sṛjāmi iti vā | katham ? prakṛter vaśāt prācīna-karma-nimitta-tat-tat-svabhāva-vaśāt ||8||

madhusūdanaḥ - kiṃ-nimittā parameśvara-stheyaṃ sṛṣṭir na tāvat sva-bhogārthā tasya sarva-sākṣi-bhūta-caitanya-mātrasya bhoktṛtvābhāvāt tathātve vā saṃsāritveneśvaratva-vyāghātāt | nāpy anyo bhoktā yad artheyaṃ sṛṣṭiḥ | cetanāntarābhāvāt | īśvarasyaiva sarvatra jīva-rūpeṇa sthitatvāt | acetanasya cābhoktṛtvāt | ataeva nāpavargārthāpi sṛṣṭiḥ | bandhābhāvād apavarga-virodhitvāc cety ādy-anupapattiḥ sṛṣṭer māyā-mayatvaṃ sādhayantī nāsmākaṃ pratikūleti na parihartavyety abhipretya māyāmayatvān mithyātvaṃ prapañcasya vaktum ārabhate tribhiḥ prakṛtim iti |

prakṛtiṃ māyākhyām anirvacanīyāṃ svāṃ svasmin kalpitām avaṣṭabhya svasattā-sphūrtibhyāṃ dṛḍhīkṛtya tasyāḥ prakṛter māyāyā vaśād avidyāsmitā-rāga-dveṣābhiniveśa-kāraṇāvaraṇa-vikṣepātmaka-śakti-prabhāvāj jāyamānam imaṃ sarva-pramāṇa-saṃnidhāpitaṃ bhūta-grāmam ākāśādi-bhūta-samudāyam ahaṃ māyāvīva punaḥ punar visṛjāmi vividhaṃ sṛjāmi kalpanā-mātreṇa svapna-dṛg iva ca svapna-prapañcam ||8||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanv asaṅgo nirvikāraś ca tvaṃ kathaṃ sṛjasīty apekṣāyām āha - prakṛtim iti | svāṃ svīyām avaṣṭabhyādhiṣṭhāya prakṛter vaśāt svīya-svabhāva-vaśāt prācīna-karma-nimittād iti yāvat | avaśaṃ karmādi-paratantram ||8||

baladevaḥ -- prakṛtim iti | svām ātmīyāṃ tri-guṇāṃ prakṛtim avaṣṭabhyādhiṣṭhāya saṅkalpa-mātreṇa mahad-ādyān manā pariṇamayyemaṃ caturvidham bhūta-grāmaṃ visṛjāmi punaḥ punaḥ kāle kāle | kīdṛśam ity āha prakṛteḥ prācīna-karma-vāsanāyā vaśāt prabhāvād avaśaṃ paratantraṃ tathā cācintya-śakter asaṅga-svabhāvasya mama saṅkalpa-mātreṇa tat tat kurvato na tat-saṃsarga-gandho na ca ko 'pi kheda-leśa iti ||8||


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BhG 9.9

na ca māṃ tāni karmāṇi nibadhnanti dhanaṃjaya |
udāsīnavad āsīnam asaktaṃ teṣu karmasu ||9||

śrīdharaḥ - nanv evaṃ nānā-vidhāni karmāṇi kurvatas tava jīvavad-bandhaḥ kathaṃ na syād iti ? ata āha na ca mām iti | tāni viśva-sṛṣṭy-ādīni karmāṇi māṃ na nibadhnanti | karmāsaktir hi baddha-hetuḥ sā cāpta-kāmatvān mama nāsti | ata udāsīnatvānupapatter udāsīnavat sthitam ity uktam ||9||

madhusūdanaḥ - ataḥ na ceti | na ca naiva sṛṣṭi-sthiti-pralayākhyāni tāni māyāvineva svapna-dṛśeva ca mayā kriyamāṇāni māṃ nibandhnanti anugraha-nigrahābhyāṃ na sukṛta-duṣkṛta-bhāginaṃ kurvanti mithyā-bhūtatvāt | he dhanañjaya yudhiṣṭhira-rājasūyārthaṃ sarvān rājño jitvā dhanam āhṛtavān iti mahān prabhāvaḥ sūcitaḥ protsāhanārtham |

tāni karmāṇi kuto na badhnanti tatrāha udāsīnavad āsīnam | yathā kaścid upekṣako dvayor vivadamānayor jaya-parājayāsaṃsargī tat-kṛta-harṣa-viṣādābhyām asaṃsṛṣṭo nirvikāra āste tadvan nirvikāratayāsīnam | dvayor vivadamānayor ihābhāvād upekṣakatva-mātra-sādharmyeṇa vati-pratyayaḥ | ataeva nirvikāratvāt teṣu sṛṣṭy-ādi-karmasv asaktam ahaṃ karomīty abhimāna-lakṣeṇa saṅgena rahitaṃ māṃ na nibadnanti karmāṇīti yuktam eva | anyasyāpi hi kartṛtvābhāve phala-saṅgābhāve ca karmāṇi na bandha-kāraṇānīty uktam anena | tad-ubhaya-sattve tu kośa-kāra iva karmabhir badhyate mūḍha ity abhiprāyaḥ ||9||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanv evaṃ ca nānā-karmāṇi kurvatas tava jīvavad-bandhaḥ kathaṃ na syād ? ata āha na ceti | tāni sṛṣṭy-ādīni | karmāsaktir hi baddha-hetuḥ sā cāpta-kāmatvān mama nāsti | udāsīnavad iti | anya udāsīno yathā vivadamānānāṃ duḥkha-śokādi-saṃsṛṣṭo na bhavati tathaivāham ity arthaḥ ||9||

baladevaḥ -- nanu viṣamāṇi sṛṣṭi-poālana-lakṣaṇāni vaiṣamyādinā tvāṃ badhnīyur iti cet tatrāha na ceti | tāni viṣama-sṛṣṭy-ādīni karmāṇi na mayi vaiṣamyādi-prasañjayanti | tatra hetu-garbha-viśeṣaṇam udāsīnavad iti | jīvānāṃ deva-mānava-tiryag-ādi-bhāve tat-tad-abhyudaya-tāratamye ca teṣāṃ pūrvārjitāni karmāṇy eva kāraṇāni | ahaṃ tu teṣu viṣameṣu karmasv audāīnyena sthito 'sakta iti na mayi vaiṣamyādi-doṣa-gandhaḥ | evam āha sūtrakāraḥ vaiṣamya-nairghṛṇye na [Vs. 2.1.35] ity ādinā | udāsīnatve kartṛtvaṃ na siddhyed ata uktam udāsīnavad iti ||9||


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BhG 9.10

mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sa-carācaram |
hetunānena kaunteya jagad viparivartate ||10||

śrīdharaḥ - tad evopapādayati mayeti | mayādhyakṣeṇādhiṣṭhātrā nimitta-bhūtena prakṛtiḥ sa-carācaraṃ viśvaṃ sūyate janayati | anena mad-adhiṣṭhānena hetunedaṃ jagad viparivartate punaḥ punar jāyate | sannidhi-mātreṇādhiṣṭhātṛtvāt kartṛtvam udāsīnatvaṃ cāviruddham iti bhāvaḥ ||10||

madhusūdanaḥ - bhūta-grāmam imaṃ visṛjāmy udāsīnavad āsīnam iti ca paraspara-viruddham iti śaṅkā-parihārārthaṃ punar māyāmayatvam eva prakaṭayati mayeti | mayā sarvato-dṛśi-mātra-svarūpeṇāvikriyeṇādhyakṣeṇa niyantrā bhāsakenāvabhāsitā prakṛtis triguṇātmikā sattvāsattvādibhir anirvācyā māyā sūyata utpādayati sa-carācaraṃ jagan māyāvinādhiṣṭhiteva māyā kalpita-gaja-turagādikam | na tv ahaṃ sva-kārya-māyābhāsanam antareṇa karomi vyāpārāntaram | hetunā nimittenānenādhyakṣatvena he kaunteya ! jagat sa-carācaraṃ viparivartate vividhaṃ parivartate janmādi-vināśāntaṃ dity-āder iva kartṛtvābhāvād udāsīnavad āsīnam ity uktam iti na virodhaḥ | tad uktam -

asya dvaitendra-jālasya yad upādāna-kāraṇam |
ajñānaṃ tad upāśritya brahma kāraṇam ucyate || iti |

śruti-smṛti-vādāś cātrārthe sahasraśa udāhāryāḥ ||10||


viśvanāthaḥ --- nanu sṛṣṭy-ādi-kartus tavedam audāsīnyaṃ na pratyemīty ata āha mayeti | adhyakṣeṇa mayā nimitta-bhūtena prakṛtiḥ sa-carācaraṃ jagat sūyate | prakṛtir eva jagat janayati | mamātrādhyakṣatā-mātram | yathā kasyacid ambarīṣāder iva bhūpateḥ prakṛtibhir eva rājya-kṛtyaṃ nirvāhyate | atrodāsīnasya bhūpateḥ sattā-mātram iti yathā tasya rāja-siṃhāsane sattā-mātreṇa vinā prakṛtibhiḥ kim api na śakyate kartum | tathaiva mamādhiṣṭhāna-lakṣaṇam adhyakṣatvaṃ vinā prakṛtir api jaḍā kim api kartuṃ na śaknotīti bhāvaḥ | anena mad-adhiṣṭhānena hetunedaṃ jagat viparivartate punaḥ punar jāyate ||10||

baladevaḥ - tat pratipādayati mayeti | satya-saṅkalpena prakṛty-adhyakṣeṇa mayā sarveśvareṇa jīva-pūrva-pūrva-karmānuguṇatayā vīkṣitā prakṛtiḥ sa-carācaraṃ jagat sūyate janayati | viṣama-guṇā satī anena jīva-pūrva-karmānuguṇena mad-vīkṣaṇena hetunā taj jagad viparivartate punaḥ punar udbhavati | he kaunteya | śrutiś caivam āha-
vikāra-jananīm ajñām aṣṭa-rūpām ajāṃ dhruvām |
dhyāyate 'dhyāsitā tena tanyate preritā punaḥ |
sūyate puruṣārthaṃ ca tenaivādhiṣṭhitā jagat ||

iti sannidhi-mātreṇādhiṣṭhātṛtvāt kartṛtvam udāsaniṃ ca na viruddham | yathā sannidhi-mātreṇagandhaḥ kṣobhāya jāyate ity ādi smaraṇāc caitad evaṃ mad-adhiṣṭhātṛ-mātraṃ khalu prekṛter apekṣyam | mad-vinā kim api kartuṃ na sā prabhavet na hy asati rājñaḥ siṃhāsanādhiṣṭhātṛtve tad-amātyāḥ kārye prabhavaḥ ||10||


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BhG 9.11

avajānanti māṃ mūḍhā mānuṣīṃ tanum āśritam |
paraṃ bhāvam ajānanto mama bhūta-maheśvaram ||11||

śrīdharaḥ - nanv evaṃbhūtaṃ parameśvaraṃ tvāṃ kim iti kecin nādriyante ? tatrāha avajānantīti dvābhyām | sarva-bhūta-maheśvara-rūpaṃ madīyaṃ paraṃ bhāvaṃ tattvam ajānanto mūḍhā mūrkhā mām avajānanti mām avamanyante | avajñāne hetuḥ śuddha-sattva-mayīm api tanuṃ bhaktecchā-vaśān manuṣyākārām āśritavantam iti ||11||

madhusūdanaḥ - evaṃ nitya-śuddha-buddha-mukta-svabhāvaṃ sarva-jantūnām ātmānam ānanda-ghanam anantam api santam avajānantīti | avajānanti māṃ sākṣād īśvaro 'yam iti nādriyante nindanti vā mūḍhā avivekino janāḥ | teṣām avajñā-hetuṃ bhramaṃ sūcayati mānuṣīṃ tanum āśritaṃ manuṣyatayā pratīyamānāṃ mūrtim ātmecchayā bhaktānugrahārthaṃ gṛhītavantaṃ manuṣyatayā pratīyamānena dehena vyavaharantam iti yāvat | tataś ca manuṣyo 'yam iti bhrāntyācchāditāntaḥkaraṇā mama paraṃ bhāvaṃ prakṛṣṭaṃ paāramarthikaṃ tattvaṃ sarva-bhūtānāṃ mahāntarm īśvaram ajānanto yan nādriyante nindanti vā tad-anurūpam eva mūḍhatvasya ||11||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanu ca satyam ananta-koṭi-brahmāṇḍa-vyāpī saccid-ānanda-vigrahaḥ kāraṇārṇava-śāyī mahā-puruṣaḥ sva-prakṛtyā jagat sṛjatīti yaḥ prasiddhaḥ | sa eva hi bhavān | kintu vasudeva-sūnos taveyaṃ mānuṣī tanur ity etad-aṃśenaiva kecit tava nikarṣaṃ vadantīty ata āha avajānantīti | mama mānuṣyās tanor asyā paraṃ bhāvaṃ kāraṇārṇava-śāyi-mahā-puruṣādibhyo 'py utkṛṣṭaṃ svarūpam ajānanta eva te | kīdṛśam ? bhūtaṃ satyaṃ yad brahma tac ca tan maheśvaraṃ ceti | tan maheśvara-padaṃ satyāntara-vyāvartakam atra jñeyam yukte kṣmādāvṛte bhūtam iti amaraḥ |

tam ekaṃ govindaṃ sac-cid-ānanda-vigrahaṃ vṛndāvana-sura-bhūruha-bhāvanāsīnaṃ satataṃ sa-marud-gaṇo 'haṃ paramayā stutyā toṣayāmi iti (GTU 1.33) śruteḥ |[*ENDNOTE]

narākṛti para-brahma iti smṛteś ca |

mamāsyā mānuṣyās tanoḥ saccid-ānanda-mayatvaṃ mad-abhijṇa-bhaktair ucyata eva, tathā sarva-brahmāṇḍa-vyāpitvaṃ ca bālye yan-mātrā śrī-yaśodayā dṛṣṭam eva | yad vā mānuṣīṃ tanum eva viśinaṣṭi param utkṛṣṭaṃ bhāvaṃ sattāṃ viśuddhaṃ sattvaṃ saccidānanda-svarūpam ity arthaḥ | bhāvaḥ sattā svabhāvābhiprāyaḥ ity amaraḥ | paraṃ bhāvam api viśinaṣṭi mama bhūta-maheśvaraṃ mama sṛjyāni bhūtāni ye brahmādyās teṣām api mahāntam īśvaram | tasmāt jīvasyeva mama parameśvarasya tanur na bhinnā | tanur evāham | aham eva tanuḥ sākṣād brahmaiva śābdaṃ brahma dadhad vapuḥ [BhP 3.21.8] iti mad-abhijña-śukokter iti bhavādṛśais tu viśvasyatām iti bhāvaḥ ||11||

baladevaḥ - nanv īdṛśa-mahimānaṃ tvāṃ kim iti kecin nādriyante ? tatrāha avajānantīti | bhūta-maheśvaraṃ nikhila-jagad-eka-svāminaṃ satya-saṅkalpaṃ sarvajñaṃ mahā-kāruṇikaṃ ca māṃ mūḍhās te 'vajānanti | atra prakāraṃ darśayan viśinaṣṭi mānuṣīm iti mānuṣa-sanniveśinīṃ mānuṣa-ceṣṭā-bahulāṃ tanuṃ śrī-mūrtim āśritaṃ tādātmya-sambandhena nityaṃ prāptaṃ mām itara-rāja-kumāra-tulyaḥ kaścid ugra-puṇyo manuṣyo 'yam iti buddhyāvamanyanta ity arthaḥ | mānuṣī tanuḥ khalu pāñcabhautikyena na ca bhagavat-tanus tādṛk sac-cid-ānanda-rūpāya kṛṣṇāya iti, tam ekaṃ govindaṃ sac-cid-ānanda-vigraham iti śravaṇāt | tathātve tad-avajñātṝṇāṃ mauḍhyāndhya-yogād brahmādi-vandyatvāyogāc ca |

evaṃ buddhis teṣāṃ kuto yayā te mūḍhā bhaṇyante ? tatrāha param iti | param asādhāraṇaṃ bhāvaṃ svabhāvam ajānantaḥ mānuṣākṛtes tasya jñānānndātmatva-sarveśatva-mokṣadatvādi-svabhāvānabhijñānād ity arthaḥ | evaṃ ca sati tanum āśritam ity ukti-viśeṣa-vibhātaṃ bheda-kāryam ādāya bodhyā | yat tu vasudeva-sūnor dvārakādhipateḥ sūtikā-gṛhāvirbhūtam eva svarūpaṃ naijaṃ caturbhujatvāt tato vrajaṃ gacchataḥ svarūpaṃ tu mānuṣaṃ dvibhujatvād ata uktam babhūva prākṛtaḥ śiśuḥ itivat | asti tan-niravadhānam mānuṣīṃ tanum āśritam iti tad-ukteḥ | tenaiva rūpeṇa catur-bhujena iti pārtha-vākyāc ca tasmān mānuṣya-saṃniveśitvam eva tat-tanor manuṣyatvam ity uktam yatrāvatīrṇaṃ kṛṣṇākhyaṃ paraṃ brahma narākṛti iti śrī-vaiṣṇave | gūḍhaṃ paraṃ brahma manuṣya-liṅgam iti śrī-bhāgavate ca | manuṣya-ceṣṭā-prācyuryāc ca tasyās tattvam | yathā manuṣyo 'pi rājā devavat siṃhavac ca viceṣṭanān nṛ-devo nṛ-siṃhaś ca vyapadiśyate |

tasmād dvibhujaś caturbhujaś ca sa manuṣya-bhāvenokta-hetu-dvayād vyapadiśyaḥ | na khalu bhuja-bhūmnā pareśatvam | kārtavīryādau vyabhicārāt | vibhu-caitanyatvaṃ jagaj janmādi-hetutvaṃ vā paraśatvam | tac ca dvibhuje tasminn asty eva tac chrutaṃ na ca dvibhujatvaṃ sādi -

sat-puṇḍarīka-nayanaṃ meghābhaṃ vaidyutāmbaram |
dvi-bhujaṃ mauna-mudrāḍhyaṃ vana-mālinam īśvaram || [GTU 1.9]

iti tasyānādi-siddhatva-śravaṇāt prākṛtaḥ śiśur ity atra prakṛtyā svarūpeṇaiva vyaktaḥ śiśur ity evārthaḥ | tasmād vaidūrya-maṇau nānā-rūpāṇi iva tasmin dvibhujatvādīni yugapat siddhāny eva yathārucy-upāsyānīti śāntoditatva-nityoditatva-kalpanā dūrotsāritā ||11||

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BhG 9.12

moghāśā mogha-karmāṇo mogha-jñānā vicetasaḥ |
rākṣasīm āsurīṃ caiva prakṛtiṃ mohinīṃ śritāḥ ||12||

śrīdharaḥ - kiṃ ca moghāśā iti | matto 'nyad devatāntaraṃ kṣipraṃ phalaṃ dāsyatīty evaṃ bhūtā moghā niṣphalaivāśā yeṣāṃ te | ataeva mad-vimukhatvān moghāni niṣphalāni karmāṇi yeṣāṃ te | mogham eva nānā-kutarkāśritaṃ śāstra-jñānaṃ yeṣāṃ te | ataeva vicetaso vikṣipta-cittāḥ | sarvatra hetuḥ rākṣasīṃ tāmasīṃ hiṃsādi-pracurām āsurīṃ ca rājasīṃ kāma-darpādi-bahulāṃ mohinīṃ buddhi-bhraṃśa-karīṃ prakṛtiṃ svabhāvaṃ śritā āśritāḥ santaḥ | mām avajānantīti pūrveṇānvayaḥ ||12||

madhusūdanaḥ - te ca bhagavad-avajñāna-nindana-janita-mahā-durita-pratibaddha-buddhayo nirantaraṃ niraya-nivāsārhā eva moghāśā iti | īśvaram antareṇa karmāṇy eva naḥ phalaṃ dāsyantīty evaṃrūpā moghā niṣphalaivāśā phala-prārthanā yeṣāṃ te | ataeveśvara-vimukhatvān moghāni śrama-mātra-rūpāṇy agnihotrādīni karmāṇi yeṣāṃ te | tathā mogham īśvarāpratipādaka-kutarka-śāstra-janitaṃ jñānaṃ yeṣāṃ te | kuta evaṃ yato vicetaso bhagavad-avajñāna-janita-durita-pratibaddha-viveka-vijñātāḥ | kiṃ ca te bhagavad-avajñāna-vaśād rākṣasīṃ tāmasīm avihita-hiṃsā-hetu-dveṣa-pradhānām āsurīṃ ca rājasīṃ śāstrānabhyanujñāta-viṣaya-bhoga-hetu-rāga-pradhānāṃ ca mohinīṃ śāstrīya-jñāna-bhraṃśa-hetuṃ prakṛtiṃ svabhāvam āśritā eva bhavanti | tataś ca - trividhaṃ narakasyedaṃ dvāraṃ nāśanam ātmanaḥ | kāmaḥ krodhas tathā lobhaḥ ity ukta-naraka-dvāra-bhāgitayā naraka-yātanām eva te satatam anubhavantīty arthaḥ ||12||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanu ye mānuṣīṃ māyā-mayīṃ tanum āśrito 'yam īśvara iti matvā tvām avajānanti | teṣāṃ kā gatis tatrāha moghāśā iti | yadi bhaktā api syus tad api moghāśā bhavanti | mat-sālokyādim abhivāñchitaṃ na prāpnuvanti | yadi te karmiṇas tadā mogha-karmāṇaḥ karma-phalaṃ svargādikaṃ na labhante | yadi te jñāninas tarhi mogha-jñānā jñāna-phalaṃ mokṣaṃ na vidanti | tarhi te kiṃ prāpunvantīty ata āha rākṣasīm iti | te rākṣasīṃ prakṛtiṃ rākṣasānāṃ svabhāvaṃ śritāḥ prāptā bhavantīty arthaḥ ||12||

baladevaḥ -- nanu pāñcabhautika-mānuṣa-tanum ānugra-puṇyaḥ puru-tejāḥ ko 'py ayam iti bhāvena tvām avajānatāṃ kā gatiḥ syāt tatrāha mogheti | yadi te īśvara-bhaktā api syus tad api moghāśā niṣphala-mokṣa-vāñchāḥ syuḥ | yadi te 'gni-hotrādi-karma-niṣṭhās tadā mogha-karmāṇaḥ pariśrama-rūpāgnihotrādikāḥ syuḥ | yadi te jñānāya vedāntādi-śāstra-pariśīlanas tadā mogha-jñānā niṣphala-tad-bodhāḥ syuḥ | evaṃ kutaḥ ? yatas te vicetasaḥ | nitya-siddha-manuṣya-saṃniveśi-sākṣāt-para-brahma-mad-avajñā-janita-pāpa-pratibaddha-viveka-jñānā ity arthaḥ | ataevam uktaṃ bṛhad-vaiṣṇave-

yo vetti bhautikaṃ dehaṃ kṛṣṇasya paramātmanaḥ |
sa sarvasmād bahiṣkāryaḥ śrauta-smārt a-vidhānataḥ |
mukhaṃ tasyāvalokyāpi sa-celaṃ snānam ācaret || iti |

tarhi te kiṃ phalaṃ labhante ? tatrāha rākṣasīṃ hiṃsādi-pracurām tāmasīm āsurīṃ kāma-garvādi-pracurāṃ rājasīṃ mohinīṃ viveka-vilopinṃ prakṛtiṃ svabhāvaṃ śritā narake nivāsārhās tiṣṭhanti ||12||

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BhG 9.13

mahātmānas tu māṃ pārtha daivīṃ prakṛtim āśritāḥ |
bhajanty ananya-manaso jñātvā bhūtādim avyayam ||13||

śrīdharaḥ - ke tarhi tvām ārādhayantīti | ata āha - mahātmāna iti | mahātmānaḥ kāmādy-anabhibhūta-cittāḥ | ataeva madh-vyatirekena nāsty anyasmin mano yeṣām | te tu bhūtādiṃ jagat-kāraṇam avyayaṃ ca māṃ jñātvā bhajanti ||13||

madhusūdanaḥ - bhagavad-vimukhānāṃ phala-kāmanāyās tat-prayuktasya nitya-naimittika-kāmya-karmānuṣṭhānasya tat-prayuktasya śāstrīya-jñānasya ca vaiyarthyāt pāralaukika-phala-tat-sādhana-śūnyās te | nāpy aihalaukikaṃ kiṃcit phalam asti teṣāṃ viveka-vijñāna-śūnyatayā vicetaso hi te | ataḥ sarva-puruṣārtha-bāhyāḥ śocyā eva sarveṣāṃ te varākā ity uktam | adhunā ke sarva-puruṣārtha-bhājo 'śocyā ye bhagavad-eka-śaraṇā ityucyate mahātmāna iti |

mahān aneka-janma-kṛta-sukṛtaiḥ saṃskṛtaḥ kṣudra-kāmādy-anabhibhūta ātmāntaḥkaraṇaṃ yeṣāṃ te 'ataeva abhayaṃ sattva-saṃśuddhiḥ ity ādi-vakṣyamāṇāṃ daivīṃ sāttvikīṃ prakṛtim āśritāḥ | ataevānyasmin mad-vyatirikte nāsti mano yeṣāṃ te bhūtādiṃ sarva-jagat-kāraṇam avyayam avināśinaṃ ca mām īśvaraṃ jñātvā bhajanti sevante ||13||

viśvanātha - tasmād ye mahātmāno yādṛcchika-mad-bhakta-kṛpayā mahātmatvaṃ prāptās te tu mānuṣā api daivīṃ prakṛtiṃ devānāṃ svabhāvaṃ prāptāḥ satto māṃ mānuṣākāram eva bhajante | na vidyate 'nyatra jñāna-karmāṇy akāmanādau mano yeṣāṃ te | māṃ bhūtādiṃ mayā tatam idaṃ sarvaṃ ity ādi mad-aiśvarya-jñānena bhūtānāṃ brahmādi-stamba-paryantānāṃ kāraṇam | avyayaṃ saccidānanda-vigrahatvād anaśvaraṃ jñātveti mamāvyayatve mad-bhaktair etāvan-mātraṃ maj-jñānam apekṣitavyam | iyam eva tvaṃ padārtha-jñāna-karmādy-anapekṣā bhaktir ananyā sarva-śreṣṭhā rāja-vidyā rāja-guhyam iti draṣṭavyam ||13||

baladevaḥ - tarhi ke tvām ādiryante ? tatrāha mahātmāna iti | ye narākṛti-para-brahma-mat-tattvavit sat-prasaṅgena tādṛśa-man-niṣṭhayā vistīrṇāgādha-manaso madīye 'pi sahasra-śīrṣādy-ākāre 'rucayas te manuṣyā api daivīṃ prakṛtim āśritāḥ santo narākṛtiṃ māṃ madhya-bhūtādi-vidhi-rudrādi-sarva-kāraṇam avyayaṃ nityaṃ ca jñātvā niścitya bhajanti sevante | ananya-manaso narākāra eva mayi nikhāta-cittāḥ ||13||


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BhG 9.14

satataṃ kīrtayanto māṃ yatantaś ca dṛḍhavratāḥ |
namasyantaś ca māṃ bhaktyā nityayuktā upāsate || 14 ||

śrīdharaḥ - teṣāṃ bhajana-prakāram āha satatam iti dvābhyām | satataṃ sarvadā stotra-mantrādibhiḥ kīrtayantaḥ kecin mām upāsate sevante | dṛḍhāni vratāni niyamā yeṣāṃ tādṛśāḥ santaḥ | yatantaś ca īśvara-pūjādiṣu indiryopasaṃhārādiṣu prayatnaṃ kurvantaḥ | kecid bhaktyā namasyantaḥ praṇamantaś ca | anye nitya-yuktā anavaratam avahitā sevante | bhaktyeti nitya-yuktā iti ca kīrtanādiṣv api draṣṭavyam ||14||

madhusūdanaḥ - te kena prakāreṇa bhajantīty ucyate dvābhyām satatam iti | satataṃ sarvadā brahma-niṣṭhaṃ gurum upasṛtya vedānta-vākya-vicāreṇa gurūpasadanetara-kāle ca praṇava-japopaniṣad-āvartanādibhir māṃ sarvopaniṣat-pratipādyaṃ brahma-svarūpaṃ kīrtayanto vedānta-śāstrādhyayana-rūpa-śravaṇa-vyāpāra-viṣayīkurvanta iti yāvat | tatha dṛḍha-vratā dṛḍhāni pratipakṣaiś cālayitum aśakyāni ahiṃsā-satyāsteya-brahmacaryāparigrahādīni vratāni yeṣāṃ te śama-damādi-sādhana-sampannā iti yāvat | tathā coktaṃ patañjalinā ahiṃsāstayāsteya-brahmacaryāparigrahā yamāḥ [Ys 2.30] te ty jāti-deśa-kāla-samayānavacchinnāḥ sārvabhaumā mahā-vratam [Ys 2.31] iti | jātyā brāhmaṇatvādikayā deśena tīrtyādinā kālena caturdaśyādinā samayena yajñādy-anyatvenānavacchinnā ahiṃsādayaḥ sārvabhaumāḥ kṣipta-mūḍha-vikṣipta-bhūmiṣv api bhāvyamānāḥ kasyām api jātau kasminn api deśe kasminn api kāle yajñādi-prayojane 'pi hiṃsāṃ na kariṣyāmīty evaṃ-rūpeṇa kiṃcid apy aparyudasya sāmānyena pravṛttā ete mahā-vratam ity ucyante ity arthaḥ |

tathā namasyantaś ca māṃ kāya-vāṅ-manobhir namaskurvantaś ca māṃ bhagavantaṃ vāsudevaṃ sakala-kalyāṇa-guṇa-nidhānam iṣṭa-devatā-rūpeṇa guru-rūpeṇa ca sthitam | ca-kārāt-

śravaṇaṃ kīrtanaṃ viṣṇoḥ smaraṇaṃ pāda-sevanam |
arcanaṃ vandanaṃ dāsyaṃ sakhyam ātma-nivedanam || [BhP 7.5.23]

iti vandana-sahacaritaṃ śravaṇādy api bodhavyam | arcanaṃ pāda-sevanam ity api guru-rūpe tasmin sukaram eva |

atra mām iti punar vacanaṃ sa-guṇa-rūpa-parāmarśārtham | anyathā vaiyarthya-prasaṅgāt | tathā bhaktyā mad-viṣayeṇa pareṇa premṇā nitya-yuktāḥ sarvadā saṃyuktāḥ etena sarva-sādhana-pauṣkalyaṃ pratibandhakābhāvaś ca darśitaḥ |

yasya deve parā bhaktiḥ yathā deve tathā gurau |
tasyaite kathitā hy arthāḥ prakāśante mahātmanaḥ || [ŚvetU 6.23]

patañjalinā coktaṃ tataḥ pratyak-cetanādhigamo 'py antarāyābhāvaś ca [Ys 1.29] iti | tata īśvara-praṇidhānāt pratyak-cetanasya tvaṃ-poada-lakṣyasyādhigamaḥ sākṣātkāro bhavati | antarāyāṇāṃ vighnānāṃ cābhāvo bhavatīti sūtrasyārthaḥ |

tad evaṃ śama-damādi-sādhana-sampannā vedānta-śravaṇa-manana-parāyaṇāḥ parameśvare parama-gurau premṇā namaskārādinā ca vigata-vighnāḥ paripūrṇa-sarva-sādhanāḥ santo mām upāsate vijātīya-pratyayānantaritena sajātīya-pratyaya-pravāheṇa śravaṇa-mananottara-bhāvinā satataṃ cintayanti mahātmānaḥ | anena nididhyāsanaṃ carama-sādhanaṃ darśitam | etādṛśa-sādhana-pauṣkalye sati yad vedānta-vākyajam akhaṇḍa-gocaraṃ sākṣātkāra-rūpam ahaṃ brahmāsmīti jñānaṃ tat-sarva-śaṅkā-kalaṅkāspaṣṭaṃ sarva-sādhana-phala-bhūtaṃ svotpatti-mātreṇa dīpa iva tamaḥ sakalam ajñānaṃ tat-kāryaṃ ca nāśayatīti nirapekṣam eva sākṣān-mokṣa-hetur na tu bhūmi-jaya-krameṇa bhrū-madhye prāṇa-praveśanaṃ mūrdhanyayā nāḍyā prāṇotkramaṇam arcir-ādi-mārgeṇa brahma-loka-gamanaṃ tad-bhogānta-kāla-vilambaṃ vā pratīkṣate | ato yat-prāk-pratijñātam idaṃ tu te guhyatamaṃ pravakṣyāmy uanasūyave jñānam iti tad etad uktam | phalaṃ cāsyāśubhān mokṣaṇaṃ prāg uktam evetīha punar noktam | evam atrāyaṃ gambhīro bhagavato 'bhiprāyaḥ | uttānārthyas tu prakaṭa eva ||14||

viśvanāthaḥ - bhajantīty uktam | tad-bhajanam eva kim ity ata āha satataṃ sadeti nātra karma-yoga iva kāla-deśa-pātra-śuddhādy-apekṣā kartavyety arthaḥ |

na deśa-niyamas tatra na kāla-niyamas tatha |
nocchiṣṭhādau niṣedho ' sti śrī-harer nāmni lubdhaka || iti smṛteḥ |

yatanto yatamānaḥ | yathā kuṭumba-pālanārthaṃ dīnā gṛhasthā dhanika-dvārādau dhanārthaṃ yatante, tathaiva mad-bhaktāḥ kīrtanādi-bhakti-prāpty-arthaṃ bhakta-sabhādau yatante. prāpya ca bhaktim adhīyamānam śāstram paṭhata iva punaḥ punar abhyasyanti ca | etāvanti nāma-grahaṇāni, etāvatyaḥ praṇatayaḥ, etāvatyaḥ paricaryāś cāvaśya-kartavyā ity evaṃ dṛḍhāni vratāni niyamā yeṣāṃ te. yad vā, dṛḍhāny apatitāny ekādaśy-ādi-vratāni niyamā yeṣāṃ te.| namasyantaś ca ca-kāraḥ śravaṇa-pāda-sevanādy-anukta-sarva-bhakti-saṅgrahārthaḥ | nitya-yuktā bhāvinaṃ man-nitya-saṃyogam ākāṅkṣanta āśaṃsāyāṃ bhūtavac ceti vartamāne 'pi bhūta-kālikaḥ kta-pratyayaḥ | atra māṃ kīrtayanta eva mām upāsata iti mat-kīrtanādikam eva mad-upāsanam iti vākyārthaḥ | ato mām iti na paunruktyam āśaṅkanīyam ||14||

baladevaḥ - bhakti-prakāram āha satatam iti dvayena | satataṃ sarvadā deśa-kālādi-viśuddhi-nairapekṣeṇa māṃ kīrtayantaḥ sudhā-madhurāṇi mama kalyāṇa-guṇa-karmānubandhīni govinda-govardhanoddharaṇādīni nāmāny uccair uccārayanto mām upāsate | namasyantaśc a mad-arcanā-niketeṣu gatvā dhūli-paṅkāpteṣu bhū-taleṣu daṇḍavat-praṇipatanto bhaktyā prīti-bhareṇa | kīrtayanto mām upāsata iti mat-kīrtanādikam eva mad-upāsanam iti vākyārthaḥ | ato mām iti na paunaruktyam | ca-śabdo 'nuktānāṃ śravaṇārcana-vandanādīnāṃ samuccāyakaḥ | yatantaḥ samānāśayaiḥ sādhubhiḥ sārdhaṃ mat-svarūpa-guṇādi-yāthātmya-nirṇayāya yatamānāḥ | dṛḍha-vratā dṛḍhāny askhalitāny ekādaśī-janmāṣṭamy-upoṣaṇādīni vratāni yeṣāṃ te | nitya-yuktā bhāvinaṃ man-nitya-saṃyogaṃ vāñchantaḥ āśaṃsāyāṃ bhūtavac ca [Pāṇ 3.3.132] iti sūtrād vartamāne 'pi bhūta-kālika-kta-pratyayaḥ ||14||

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BhG 9.15

jñāna-yajñena cāpy anye yajanto mām upāsate |
ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā viśvato-mukham ||15||

śrīdharaḥ - kiṃ ca jñāneti | vāsudevaḥ sarvam ity evaṃ sarvātmatva-darśanaṃ jñānam | tad eva yajñaḥ | tena jñāna-yajñena māṃ yajantaṃ pūjayanto 'nye 'py upāsate | tatrāpi kecid ekatvenābheda-bhāvanayā | kecit pṛthaktvena pṛthag-bhāvanayā dāso 'ham iti | kecit tu viśvato-mukhaṃ sarvātmakaṃ māṃ bahudhā brahma-rudrādi-rūpeṇopāsate ||15||

madhusūdanaḥ - idānīṃ ye evam ukta-śravaṇa-manana-nididhyāsanāsamarthās te 'pi vividhā uttamā madhyamā mandāś ceti sarve 'pi svānurūpyeṇa mām upāsata ity āha jñāna-yajñeneti | anye pūrvokta-sādhanānuṣṭhānāsamarthā jñāna-yajñena tvaṃ vā aham asmi bhagavo devate ahaṃ vai tvam asi ity ādi-śruty-uktam ahaṅgrahopāsanaṃ jñānaṃ sa eva parameśvara-yajana-rūpatvād yajñas tena | ca-kāra evārthe | api-śabdaḥ sādhanāntara-tyāgārthaḥ | kecit sādhanāntara-nispṛhāḥ santa upāsyopāsakābheda-cintā-rūpeṇa jñāna-yajñenaikatvena bheda-vyāvṛttyā mām evopāsate cintayanty uttamāḥ | anye tu kecin madhyamāḥ pṛthaktvenopāsyopāsakayor bhedena ādityo brahmety ādeśaḥ [ChāU 3.19.1] ity ādi-śruty-uktena pratīkopāsana-rūpeṇa jñāna-yajñena mām evopāsate | anye tv ahaṅgrahopāsane pratīkopāsane vāsamarthāḥ kecin mandā kāṃcid anyāṃ devatāṃ copāsīnāḥ kānicit karmāṇi vā kurvāṇā bahudhā tais tair bahubhiḥ prakārair viśva-rūpaṃ sarvātmānaṃ māma evopāsate | tena tena jñāna-yajñeneti uttarottarāṇāṃ krameṇa pūrva-pūrva-bhūmi-lābhaḥ ||15||

viśvanāthaḥ --- tad evam atrādhyāye pūrvādhyāye cānanya-bhakta eva mahātma-śabda-vācya ārtādi-sarva-bhaktebhyo nyūnāḥ | ahaṅgrahopāsakāḥ pratīkopāsakā viśvarūpopāsakās tān darśayati jñāna-yajñeneti | anye na mahātmanaḥ pūrvokta-sādhanānuṣṭhānāsamarthaḥ ity arthaḥ | jñāna-yajñena tvaṃ vā aham asmi bhagavo devatā ahaṃ vai tvam asi ity ādi śruty-uktam ahaṅgrahopāsanaṃ jñānam | sa eva parameśvara-yajana-rūpatvād yajñas tena | ca-kāra evārthe | api śabdaḥ sādhanāntara-tyāgārthaḥ | ekatvena upāsyopāsakayor abheda-cintana-rūpeṇa | tato 'pi nyūnā anye pṛthaktvena bheda-cintana-rūpeṇa ādityo brahmety-ādeśaḥ [ChāU 3.19.1] ity ādi śruty-uktena pratīkopāsanena jñāna-yajñena | anye tato 'pi mandā bahudhā bahubhiḥ prakārair viśvatomukhaṃ viśva-rūpaṃ sarvātmānaṃ māma evopāsate iti madhusūdana-sarasvatī-pādānāṃ vyākhyā |

atra nādevo devam arcayet iti tāntrika-dṛṣṭyā gopālo 'ham iti bhāvanāvattve yā gopālopāsanā sā ahaṅgrahopāsanā | tathā yaḥ parameśvaro viṣṇuḥ sa hi sūrya eṣa nānyaḥ | sa hi indra eva nānyaḥ | sa hi soma eva nānyaḥ ity evaṃ bhedenaikasyā eva bhagavad-vibhūter yā upāsanā sā pratīkopāsanā | viṣṇuḥ sarva iti samasta-vibhūty-upāsanā viśvarūpopāsaneti jñāna-yajñasya traividhyam | yad vā ekatvena pṛthaktvena ity eka eva ahaṅgrahopāsanā gopālo 'haṃ gopālasya dāso 'ham ity ubhaya-bhāvanā-mayī samudra-gāminī nadīva samudra-bhinno 'bhinnā ceti | tadā ca jñāna-yajñasya traividhyam ||15||

baladevaḥ -- evaṃ kevala-svarūpa-niṣṭhān kīrtanādi-śuddha-bhakti-pradhānān mahātma-śabditān abhidhāya guṇī-bhūta-tat-kīrtanādi-jñāna-pradhānān bhaktān āha jñāneti | pūrvato 'nye kecana bhaktāḥ pūrvoktena kīrtanādi-jñāna-yajñena ca yajanto mām upāsate | tatra prakāram āha bahudhā bahu-prakāreṇa pṛthaktvena prapañcākāreṇa pradhāna-mahad-ādyātmanā viśvatomukham indrādi-daivatātmanā cāvasthitaṃ mām ekatvenopāsate | ayam atra niṣkarṣaḥ - sūkṣma-cid-acic-chaktimān satya-saṅkalpaḥ kṛṣṇo bahu syām iti svīyena saṅkalpena sthūla-cid-acic-chaktimān eka eva brahmādi-stambānta-vicitra-jagad-rūpatayāvatiṣṭhata ity anusandhinā tādṛśasya mama kīrtanādinā ca mām upāsata iti ||15||

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BhG 9.16-19

ahaṃ kratur ahaṃ yajñaḥ svadhāham aham auṣadham
mantro 'ham aham evājyam aham agnir ahaṃ hutam ||16||
pitāham asya jagato mātā dhātā pitāmahaḥ |
vedyaṃ pavitram oṃkāra ṛk sāma yajur eva ca ||17||
gatir bhartā prabhuḥ sākṣī nivāsaḥ śaraṇaṃ suhṛt |
prabhavaḥ pralayaḥ sthānaṃ nidhānaṃ bījam avyayam ||18||
tapāmy aham ahaṃ varṣaṃ nigṛhṇāmy utsṛjāmi ca |
amṛtaṃ caiva mṛtyuś ca sad asac cāham arjuna ||19||

śrīdharaḥ - sarvātmatāṃ prapañcayati ahaṃ kratur iti caturbhiḥ | kratuḥ śrauto 'gniṣṭomādiḥ | yajñaḥ smārtaḥ pañca-mahā-yajñādiḥ | svadhā pitry-arthaṃ śrāddhādiḥ | auṣadham auṣadhi-prabhavam annam | bheṣajaṃ vā | mantro yājya-purodho-vākyādiḥ | ājyaṃ homādi-sādhanam | agnir āhavanīyādiḥ | hutaṃ homaḥ | etat sarvam aham eva ||16||

kiṃ ca piteti | dhātā karma-phala-vidhātā | vedyaṃ jñeyaṃ vastu | pavitraṃ śodhakam | prāyaścittātmakaṃ vā | oṅkāraḥ praṇavaḥ | ṛg-ādayo vedāś cāham eva | spaṣṭam anyat ||17||

kiṃ ca gatir iti | gamyata iti gatiḥ phalam | bhartā poṣaṇa-kartā | prabhur niyantā | sākṣī śubhāśubha-draṣṭā | nivāso bhoga-sthānam | śaraṇaṃ rakṣakaḥ | suhṛd dhita-kartā | prakarṣeṇa bhavaty aneneti prabhavaḥ sraṣṭā | pralīyate 'neneti pralayaḥ saṃhartā | tiṣṭhaty asminn iti sthānam ādhāraḥ | nidhīyate 'sminn iti nidhānaṃ laya-sthānam | bījaṃ kāraṇam | tathāpy avyayam avināśi | na tu brīhy-ādi-bījavan naśvaram ity arthaḥ ||18||

kiṃ ca tapāmy aham iti | ādityātmanā sthitvā nidāgha-kāle tapāmi jagatas tāpaṃ karomi | vṛṣṭi-samaye ca varṣam utsṛjāmi vimuñcāmi | kadācit tu varṣaṃ nigṛhṇāmy ākarṣāmi | amṛtaṃ jīvanaṃ mṛtyuś ca nāśaḥ | sat sthūlaṃ dṛśyam | asac ca sūkṣma-dṛśyam | etaṃ sarvam aham eveti | evaṃ matvā mām eva bahudhopāsata iti pūrvenaivānvayaḥ ||19||

madhusūdanaḥ - yadi bahudhopāsate tarhi kathaṃ tvām evety āśaṅkyātmano viśvarūpatvaṃ prapañcayati caturbhiḥ aham iti | sarvasva-rūpo 'ham iti vaktavye tat tad eka-deśa-kathanam avayutyānuvādena vaiśvānare dvādaśaka-pāle 'ṣṭākapālatvādi-kathanavat | kratuḥ śrauto 'gniṣṭomādiḥ | yajñāḥ smārto vaiśvadevādir mahā-yajñatvena śruti-smṛti-prasiddhaḥ | svadhā 'nnaṃ pitṛbhyo dīyamānam | auṣadham auṣadhi-prabhavam annaṃ sarvaiḥ prāṇibhir bhujyamānaṃ bheṣajaṃ vā | mantro yājyāpuronuvākyādir yenoddiśya havir dīyate devebhyaḥ | ājyaṃ ghṛtaṃ sarva-havir upalakṣaṇam idam | agnir āhavanīyādir haviṣprakṣepādhikaraṇam | hutaṃ havanaṃ haviṣprakṣepaḥ etat sarvam ahaṃ parameśvara eva | etad ekaika-jñānam api bhagavad-upāsanam iti kathayituṃ pratyekam ahaṃ-śabdaḥ | kriyā-kāraka-phala-jātaṃ kim api bhagavad atiriktaṃ nāstīti saumāyārthaḥ ||16||

kiṃ ca | asya jagataḥ sarvasya prāṇi-jātasya pitā janayitā | mātā janayitrī | dhātā poṣayitā tat-tat-karma-phala-vidhātā vā | pitāmahaḥ pituḥ pitā | vedyaṃ vedayitavyaṃ vastu | pūyate 'neneti pavitraṃ pāvanaṃ śuddhi-hetur gaṅgā-snāna-gāyatrī-japādi | veditavye brahmaṇi vedana-sādhanam oṃkāraḥ | niyatākṣara-pādā ṛk | gīti-viśiṣṭā saiva sāma | sāma-padaṃ tu gīti-mātrasyaivābhidhāyakam ity anyat | gīti-rahitam aniyatākṣaraṃ yajuḥ | etat trividhaṃ mantra-jātaṃ karmopayogi | ca-kārād atharvāṅgiraso 'pi gṛhyante | eva-kāro 'ham evety avadhāraṇārthaḥ ||17||

kiṃ ca gatir iti | gamyata iti gatiḥ karma-phalam |

brahmā viśva-sṛjo dharmo mahān avyaktam eva ca |
uttamāṃ sāttvikīm etāṃ gatim āhur manīṣiṇaḥ || ity [Manu 12.50] evaṃ manvādy-uktam |

bhartā poṣṭā sukha-sādhanasyaiva dātā | prabhuḥ svāmī madīyo 'yam iti svīkartā | sākṣī sarva-prāṇināṃ śubhāśubha-draṣṭā | nivasanty asminn iti nivāso bhoga-sthānam | śīryate duḥkham asminn iti śaraṇaṃ prapannānām ārti-hṛt | suhṛt pratyupakārānapekṣaḥ sannupakārī | prabhava utpattiḥ | pralayo vināśaḥ | sthānaṃ sthitḥ | yad vā prakarṣeṇa bhavanty aneneti prabhavaḥ sraṣṭā | prakarṣeṇa līyante 'neneti pralayaḥ saṃhartā | tiṣṭhanty asminn iti sthānam ādhāraḥ | nidhīyate nikṣipyate tat-kāla-bhogyatayā kālāntaropabhogyaṃ vastv asminn iti nidhānaṃ sūkṣma-rūpa-sarva-vastv-adhikaraṇaṃ pralaya-sthānam iti yāvat | śaṅkha-padmādi-nidhir vā | bījam utpatti-kāraṇam | avyayam avināśi na tu brīhy-ādivad vinaśvaram | tenānādy-anantaṃ yat kāraṇaṃ tad apy aham eveti pūrveṇaiva sambandhaḥ ||18||

kiṃ ca tapāmy aham iti | tapāmy aham ādityaḥ san | tataś ca tāpa-vaśād ahaṃ varṣaṃ pūrva-vṛṣṭi-rūpaṃ rasaṃ pṛthivyā nigṛhṇāmy ākarṣāmi kaiścid raśmibhir aṣṭasu māseṣu | punas tam eva nigṛhītaṃ rasaṃ caturṣu māseṣu kaiścid raśmibhir utsṛjāmi ca vṛṣṭi-rūpeṇa prakṣipāmi ca bhūmau | amṛtaṃ ca devānāṃ sarva-prāṇināṃ jīvanaṃ vā | eva-kārasyāham ity anena sambandhaḥ | mṛtyuś ca martyānāṃ sarva-prāṇināṃ vināśo vā | sat yat sambandhitayā yad vidyate tat tatra sat | asac ca yat-sambandhitayā yac ca vidyate tat tatrāsat | etaṃ sarvam aham eva he 'rjuna | tasmāt sarvātmānaṃ māṃ viditvā sva-svādhikārānusāreṇa bahubhiḥ prakārair mām evopāsata ity upapannam ||19||

viśvanāthaḥ --- bahudhopāsate kathaṃ tvām evety āśaṅkyātmano viśvarūpatvaṃ prapañcayati caturbhiḥ | kratuḥ śrauto 'gniṣṭomādiḥ yajñaḥ smārto vaiśvadevādiḥ | auṣadham auṣadhi-prabhavam annam | pitā vyaṣṭi-samaṣṭi-sarva-jagad-utpādanāt | mātā jagato 'sya svakukṣi-madhya eva dhāraṇāt | dhātā jagato 'sya poṣaṇāt | pitāmahaḥ jagat sraṣṭuḥ brahmaṇo 'pi janakatvāt | vedyaṃ jñeyaṃ vastu | pavitraṃ śodhakaṃ vastu | gatiḥ phalam | bhartā patiḥ | prabhur niyantā | sākṣī śubhāśubha-draṣṭā | nivāsa āspadam | śaraṇaṃ vipadbhyas trātā | suhṛn nirupādhi-hita-kārī | prabhavādyāḥ sṛṣṭi-saṃhāra-sthitayaḥ kriyāś cāham | nidhānaṃ nidhiḥ padma-śaṅkhādiḥ | bījaṃ kāraṇam | avyayam avināśi na tu brīhy-ādivan naśvaram ||16-18||

ādityo bhūtvā nidāghe tapāmi prāvṛṣi varṣam utsṛjāmi | kadācic caiva graha-rūpeṇa varṣaṃ nigṛhṇāmi ca | amṛtaṃ mokṣaṃ mṛtyuḥ saṃsāraḥ | sad asat sthūla-sūkṣmaḥ | etat sarvam aham eveti matvā viśvatomukhaṃ mām upāsata iti pūrvenānvayaḥ ||19||

baladevaḥ - aham eva jaga-rūpatayāvasthita ity etat pradarśayati aham iti caturbhiḥ | kratur jyotiṣṭomādiḥ śrauto, yajño vaiśvadevādiḥ smārtaḥ | svadhā pitr-arthe śrāddhādiḥ | auṣadham bheṣajam auṣadhi-prabhavam annaṃ vā | mantro yājyāpuro nu vākyādir yenoddiśya havir devebhyo dīyate | ājyaṃ ghṛta-homādi-sādhanam | agnir homādi-kāraṇam āhavanīyādiḥ | hutaṃ homo haviḥ-prakṣepaḥ | etat sarvātmanāham evāsthitaḥ | pitāham iti | asya sthira-carasya jagatas tatra tatra pitṛtvena mātṛtvena pitāmahatvena cāham eva sthitaḥ | dhātā dhārakatvena poṣakatvena ca tatra tatra sthito rājādiś cāham eva cid-acic-chaktimatas tad-antaryāmiṇo mat teṣām anatirekāt vedyaṃ jñeyaṃ vastu pavitraṃ śuddhikaraṃ gaṅgādi-vāri | jñeye brahmaṇi jñāna-hetur oṅkāraḥ sarva-veda-bīja-bhūtaḥ | ṛg-ādis trividho vedaś ca-śabdād atharva ca grāhyam | teṣu niyatākṣaraḥ pādā ṛk, saiva gīti-viśiṣṭā sāma, sāma-padaṃ tu gītimātrasyaiva vācakam ity anyat | gīti-śūnyam amitākṣaraṃ yajuḥ | etat trividhaṃ karmopayogi-mantra-jātam aham evety arthaḥ |

gatiḥ sādhya-sādhana-bhūtā gamyata iyam anayā ca iti nirukteḥ | bhartā patiḥ | prabhur niyantā | sākṣī śubhāśubha-draṣṭā | nivāso bhoga-sthānaṃ nivasaty atra iti nirukteḥ | śaraṇaṃ prapannārti-hṛta śīrṣyate duḥkham asmin iti nirukteḥ | suhṛn nimitta-hita-kṛt | prabhavādyāḥ svarga-pralaya-sthitayaḥ kriyāḥ | nidhānaṃ nidhir mahā-padmādir nava-vidhaḥ | bījaṃ kāraṇam avyayam avināśi | na tu brīhy-ādivad vināśi |

tapāmīti | sūrya-rūpeṇāham eva nidāghe jagat tapāmi | prāvṛṣi varṣam jalaṃ visṛjāmi megha-rūpeṇa varṣaṃ nigṛhṇāmi ākarṣāmi | amṛtaṃ mokṣaṃ | mṛtyuḥ saṃsāraḥ | sat sthūlaṃ | asat sūkṣmam | etat sarvam aham eva tathā caivaṃ bahuvidha-nāma-rūpāvastha-nikhila-jagad-rūpatayā sthita eka eva śaktimān vāsudeva ity ekatvānusandhinā jñāna-yajñena caike yajanto mām upāsate ||16-19||


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BhG 9.20

traividyā māṃ somapāḥ pūta-pāpā
yajñair iṣṭvā svar-gatiṃ prārthayante |
te puṇyam āsādya surendra-lokam
aśnanti divyān divi deva-bhogān ||20||

śrīdharaḥ - tad evam avajānanti māṃ mūḍhā ity ādi śloka-dvayena kṣipra-phalāśayā devatāntaraṃ yajanto māṃ nādriyanta ity abhaktā darśitāḥ | mahātmānas tu māṃ pārthety ādinā ca mad-bhaktā uktāḥ | tatraikatvena pṛthaktvena vā ye parameśvaraṃ na bhajanti teṣāṃ janma-mṛtyu-pravāho durvāra ity āha traividyā iti dvābhyām | ṛg yajuḥ sāma lakṣaṇās tisro vidyāyeṣāṃ te trividyāḥ | trividyā eva traividyāḥ | svārthe tad-dhitaḥ | trisro vidyā adhīyate jānanti vā | traividyā veda-trayokta-karma-parāḥ ity arthaḥ | veda-traya-vihita-yajñair mām iṣṭvā mamaiva rūpaṃ devatānataram ity ajānanto 'pi vastuta indrādi-rūpeṇa mām eveṣṭvā sampūjya | yajña-śeṣaṃ somaṃ pibantīti somapāḥ | tenaiva pūta-pāpāḥ śodhita-kalmaṣāḥ santaḥ svargatiṃ svargaṃ prati gatiṃ ye prārthayante te puṇya-phala-rūpaṃ surendra-lokaṃ svargam āsādya prāpya | divi svarge | divyānuttamān devānāṃ bhogān | aśnanti bhuñjate ||20||

madhusūdanaḥ - evam ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā ceti trividhā api niṣkāmāḥ santo bhagavantam upāsīnāḥ sattva-śuddhi-jñānotpatti-dvāreṇa krameṇa mucyante | ye tu sakāmāḥ santo na kenāpi prakāreṇa bhagavantam upāsate kintu sva-sva-kāma-sādhanāni kāmyāny eva karmāṇy anutiṣṭhanti te sattva-śodhakābhāvena jñāna-sādhanam anadhirūṇāḥ punaḥ punar janma-maraṇa-prabandhena sarvadā saṃsāra-duḥkham evānubhavantīty āha traividyeti dvābhyām |

ṛg-veda-yajur-veda-sāma-veda-lakṣaṇā hautrādhvarya-vaudgātra-pratipatti-hetavas tisro vidyā yeṣāṃ te tri-vidyās tri-vidyā eva svārthika-tad-dhitena traividyās tisro vidyā vidantīt vā veda-traya-vido yājñikā yajñair agniṣṭomādibhiḥ krameṇa savana-traye vasu-rudrād ity arūpiṇaṃ mām īśvaram iṣṭvā tad-rūpeṇa mām ajānanto 'pi vastu-vṛttena pūjayitvābhiṣutya hutvā ca somaṃ pibantīti somapāḥ santas tenaiva soma-pānena pūta-pāpā nirasta-svarga-bhoga-pratibandhaka-pāpāḥ sakāmatayā svar-gatiṃ prārthayante na tu sattva-śuddhi-jñānotpatty-ādi | te divi svarge loke puṇyaṃ puṇya-phalaṃ sarvotkṛṣṭaṃ surendra-lokaṃ śata-kratoḥ sthānam āsādya divyān manuṣyair alabhyān deva-bhogān deva-dehopabhogyān kāmān aśnanti bhuñjate ||20||

viśvanāthaḥ --- evaṃ trividhopāsanāvanto 'pi bhaktā eva mām eva parameśvaraṃ jānanto mucyante | ye tu karmiṇas te na mucyanta evety āha dvābhyāṃ traividyā iti | ṛg-yajuḥ-sāma-lakṣaṇās tisro vidyā adhīyante jānanti vā traividyā veda-trayokta-karma-parā ity arthaḥ | yajñair mām iṣṭvendrādayo mamaiva rūpāṇi ity ajānanto 'pi vastuta indrādi-rūpeṇa mām eveṣṭvā yajña-śeṣaṃ somaṃ pibantīti somapās te puṇyaṃ prāpya ||20||

baladevaḥ - evaṃ svabhaktānāṃ vṛttam abhidhāya teṣām eva viśeṣaṃ bodhayituṃ sva-vimukhānāṃ vṛttim āha traividyā iti dvābhyām | tisṝṇāṃ vidyānāṃ samāhāras trividyaṃ | tad ye 'dhīyante vidanti ca te traividyāḥ | tad adhīte tad veda iti sūtrād aṇ | ṛg-yajuḥ-sāmokta-karma-parā ity arthaḥ | trayī-vihitair jyotiṣṭomādibhir yajñair mām iṣṭvendrādayo mamaiva rūpāṇy avidvanto 'pi vastutas tat-tad-rūpeṇāvasthitaṃ mām evāradhyety arthaḥ | somapā yajña-śeṣaṃ somaṃ pibantaḥ | pūta-pāpā vinaṣṭ-svargādi-prāpti-virodha-kalmaṣāḥ santo ye svargatiṃ prārthayante te puṇyam ity ādi visphuṭārthaḥ | mayaiva dattam iti śeṣaḥ ||20||


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BhG 9.21

te taṃ bhuktvā svarga-lokaṃ viśālaṃ
kṣīṇe puṇye martya-lokaṃ viśanti |
evaṃ trayī-dharmam anuprapannā
gatāgataṃ kāma-kāmā labhante ||21||

śrīdharaḥ - tataś ca te tam iti | te svarga-kāmās taṃ prārthitaṃ vipulaṃ svarga-lokaṃ tat-sukhaṃ bhuktvā bhoga-prāpake puṇye kṣīṇe sati martya-lokaṃ viśanti | punar apy evam eva veda-traya-vihitaṃ dharmam anugatāḥ kāma-kāmā bhogān kāmayamānā gatāgataṃ yātāyātaṃ labhante ||21||

madhusūdanaḥ - tataḥ kim aniṣṭam iti tadāha te tam iti | te sakāmās taṃ kāmyena puṇyena prāptaṃ viśālaṃ vistīrṇaṃ svarga-lokaṃ bhuktvā tad-bhoga-janake puṇye kṣīṇe sati tad-deha-nāśāt punar deha-grahaṇāya martya-lokaṃ viśanti punar garbha-vāsādi-yātanā anubhavantīty arthaḥ | punaḥ punar evam ukta-prakāreṇa | hiḥ prasiddhy-arthaḥ | traidharmyaṃ hautrādhvaryavaudgātra-dharma-trayāha jyotirṣṭomādikaṃ kāmyaṃ karma | trayī-dharmam iti pāṭhe 'pi trayyā veda-trayeṇa pratipāditaṃ dharmam iti sa evārthaḥ | anupapannā anādau saṃsāre pūrva-pratipatty-apekṣayānu-śabdaḥ | pūrva-pratipatty-anantaraṃ manuṣya-lokam āgatya punaḥ pratipannāḥ | kāma-kāmā divyān bhogān kāmayamānā evaṃ gatāgataṃ labhante karma kṛtvā svargaṃ yānti tata āgatya punaḥ karma kurvantīty evaṃ garbha-vāsādi-yātanā-pravāhas teṣām aniśam anuvartata ity abhiprāyaḥ ||21||

viśvanāthaḥ --- gatāgataṃ punaḥ punar mṛtyu-janmanī ||21||

baladevaḥ - tataś ca te tam iti te svarga-prārthakāḥ prārthitaṃ taṃ svarga-lokaṃ bhuktvā tat-prāpake puṇye kṣīṇe sati martya-lokaṃ viśanti pañcāgni-vidyokta-rītyā bhuvi brāhmaṇādi-janmāni labhante punar apy evam eva trayī-vihitaṃ dharmam anutiṣṭhantaḥ kāma-kāmāḥ svarga-bhogecchavo gatāgataṃ labhante saṃsarantīty arthaḥ ||21||

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BhG 9.22

ananyāś cintayanto māṃ ye janāḥ paryupāsate |
teṣāṃ nityābhiyuktānāṃ yoga-kṣemaṃ vahāmy aham ||22||

śrīdharaḥ - mad-bhaktās tu mat-prasādena kṛtārthā bhavantīty āha ananyāḥ iti | ananyā nāsti mad-vyatirekeṇānyat kāmayaṃ yeṣāṃ te | tathābhūtā ye janā māṃ cintayantaḥ sevante teṣāṃ nityābhiyuktānāṃ sarvadā mad-eka-niṣṭhānāṃ yogaṃ dhanādi-lābhaṃ kṣemaṃ ca tat-pālanaṃ mokṣaṃ vā | tair aprārthitam apy aham eva vahāmi prāpayāmi ||22||

madhusūdanaḥ - niṣkāmāḥ samyag-darśinas tu ananyā iti | anyo bheda-dṛṣṭi-viṣayo na vidyate yaṣāṃ te 'nanyāḥ sarvādvaita-darśinaḥ sarva-bhoga-niḥspṛhāḥ | aham eva bhagavān vāsudevaḥ sarvātmā na mad-vyatiriktaṃ kiṃcid astīti jñātvā tam eva pratyañcaṃ sadā cintayanto māṃ nārāyaṇam ātatvena ye janāḥ sādhana-catuṣṭaya-sampannāḥ saṃnyāsinaḥ pari sarvato 'navacchinnatayā paśyanti te mad-ananyatayā kṛtakṛtyā eveti śeṣaḥ |

advaita-darśana-niṣṭhānām atyanta-niṣkāmānāṃ teṣāṃ svayam aprayatamānāṃ kathaṃ yoga-kṣemau syātām ity ata āha teṣāṃ nityābhiyuktānāṃ nityam anavaratam ādareṇa dhyāne vyāpṛtānāṃ deha-yātrā-mātrārtham apy aprayatamānānāṃ yogaṃ ca kṣemaṃ ca | alabdhasya lābhaṃ labdhasya parirakṣaṇaṃ ca śarīra-sthity-arthaṃ yoga-kṣemam akāmayamānānām api vahāmi prāpayāmy ahaṃ sarveśvaraḥ |

teṣāṃ jñānī nitya-yukta eka-bhaktir viśiṣyate |
priyo hi jñānino 'tyartham ahaṃ sa ca mama priyaḥ || [Gītā 7.17] iti hy uktam |

yadyapi sarveṣām api yoga-kṣemaṃ vahati bhāgavāṃs tathāpy anyeṣāṃ prayatnam utpādya tad-dvārā vahati jñānināṃ tu tad-arthaṃ prayatnam utpādya vahatīti viśeṣaḥ ||22||

viśvanāthaḥ --- mad-ananya-bhaktānāṃ sukhaṃ tu na karma-prāpyaṃ kintu mad-dattam evety āha ananyā iti | nityam eva sadaivābhiyuktānāṃ paṇḍitānām iti tad anye nityam apaṇḍitā iti bhāvaḥ | yad vā nitya-saṃyoga-spṛhāvatāṃ yogo dhanādi-lābhaḥ kṣemaṃ tat-pālanaṃ ca tair tair anapekṣitam apy aham eva vahāmy atra karomīty aprayujya vahāmīti prayogāt teṣāṃ śarīra-poṣaṇa-bhāro mayaivohyate yathā svakalatra-putrādi-poṣaṇa-bhāro gṛhastheneti bhāvaḥ | na ca anyeṣām iva teṣām api yoga-kṣemaṃ karma-prāpyam evety ata ātmārāmasya sarvetodāsīnasya parameśvarasya tava kiṃ tad-vahaneneti vācyam | bhaktir asya bhajanaṃ tad ihāmutropādhi-nairāsyenāmuṣmin manaḥ-kalpanam etad eva naiṣkarmyam | iti śruter mad-anya-bhaktānāṃ niṣkāmatvena naiṣkarmyāt teṣu dṛṣṭaṃ sukhaṃ mad-dattam eva | tatra mama sarvatrodāsīnasyāpi sva-bhakta-vātsalyam eva hetur jñeyaḥ | na caivaṃ tvayi sveṣṭa-deve sva-nirvāha-bhāraṃ dadānās te bhaktāḥ prema-śūnyā iti vācyam | tair mayi sva-bhārasya sarvathaivānarpaṇāt mayaiva svecchayā grahaṇāt | na ca saṅkalpa-mātreṇa viśva-sṛṣṭy-ādi kartuṃ mamāyaṃ bhāro jñeyaḥ | yad vā bhakta-janāsaktasya mama sva-bhogya-kāntābhāra-vahanam iva tadīya-yoga-kṣema-vahanam atisukha-pradam iti ||22||

baladevaḥ - atha sva-bhaktānāṃ viśeṣaa nirūpayati ananyā iti | ye janā ananyā mad-eka-prayojanā māṃ cintayanto dhyāyantaḥ paritaḥ kalyāṇa-guṇa-ratnāśrayatayā vicitrādbhuta-līlā-pīyūṣāśrayatayā divya-vihbūty-āśrayatayā copāsate bhajanti teṣāṃ nityaṃ sarvadaiva mayy abhiyuktānāṃ vismṛta-deha-yātrāṇām aham eva yoga-kṣemam annādy-āharaṇaṃ tat-saṃrakṣaṇaṃ ca vahāmi | atra karomīty anuktvā vahāmīty uktis tu tat-poṣaṇa-bhāro mayaiva voḍhavyo gṛhasthasyeva kuṭumba-poṣaṇa-bhāra iti vyanakti | evam āha sūtrakāraḥ svāminaḥ phala-śruter ity ātreyaḥ [Vs 3.4.44] iti | atrāhuḥ teṣāṃ nityaṃ mayā sārdham abhiyogaṃ vāñchatāṃ yogaṃ mat-prāpti-lakṣaṇaṃ kṣemaṃ ca matto 'punar-āvṛtti-lakṣaṇam aham eva vahāmi | teṣāṃ mat-prāpaṇa-bhāro mamaiva | na tv arcir-āder deva-gaṇasyeti | evam evābhidhāsyati dvādaśe - ye tu sarvāṇi karmāṇi ity ādi-dvayena | sūtrakāro 'py evam āha viśeṣaṃ ca darśayati [Vs 4.3.16] iti ||22||


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BhG 9.23

ye 'py anya-devatā-bhaktā yajante śraddhayānvitāḥ |
te 'pi mām eva kaunteya yajanty avidhi-pūrvakam ||23||

śrīdharaḥ - nanu ca tvad-vyatirekeṇa vastuto devatāntarasyābhāvādindrādi-sevino 'pi tvad-bhaktā eveti kathaṃ te gatāgataṃ labheran ? tatrāha ye 'pīti | śraddhayopetā bhaktāḥ santo ye janā anya-devatā indrādi-rūpā yajante te 'pi mām eva yajantīti satyaṃ kintu avidhi-pūrvakam | mokṣa-prāpakaṃ vidhiṃ vinā yajanti | atas te punar āvartante ||23||

madhusūdanaḥ - nanv anyā api devatās tvam eva tvad-vyatiriktasya vastv-antarasyābhāvāt | tathā ca devatāntara-bhaktā api tvām eva bhajanta iti na ko 'pi viśeṣaḥ syāt | tena gatāgataṃ kāma-kāmā vasu-rudrādityādi-bhaktā labhante | ananyāś cintayanto māṃ tu kṛta-kṛtyā iti katham uktaṃ tatrāha ye 'pīti | yathā mad-bhaktā mām eva yajanti tathā ye 'nya-devatānāṃ vasv-ādīnāṃ bhaktā yajante jyotiṣṭomādibhiḥ śraddhayāstikya-buddhyā 'nvitāḥ | te 'pi mad-bhaktā iva he kaunteya tat-tad-devatā-rūpeṇa sthitaṃ mām eva yajanti pūjayanti | avidhi-pūrvakam avidhir ajñānaṃ tat-pūrvakaṃ sarvātmatvena mām ajñātvā mad-bhinnatvena vastv-ādīn kalapayitvā yajantīty arthaḥ ||23||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanu ca jñāna-yajñena cāpy anye ity anena tvayā svasyaivopāsanā trividhoktā | tatra bahudhā viśvato-mukham iti tṛtīyāyā upāsanāyā jñāpanārtham | ahaṃ kratur ahaṃ yajñaḥ ity ādi svasya viśva-rūpatvaṃ darśitaṃ | ataḥ karma-yogena karmāṅga-bhūtendrādi-yājakās tathā prādhānyenaiva devatāntara-bhaktā api tvad-bhaktā eva | kathaṃ tarhi te na mucyante ? yad uktaṃ tvayā gatāgataṃ kāma-kāmā labhante iti | antavat tu phalaṃ teṣām iti ca | tatrāha ye 'pīti satyaṃ mām eva yajantīti | kintv avidhi-pūrvakam mat-prāpakaṃ vidhiṃ vinaiva yajanty ataḥ punar āvartante ||23||
baladevaḥ - nanv indrādi-yājino 'pi vastutas tvad-yājina eva teṣāṃ kuto gatāgatam iti cet tatrāha ye 'pīti | ye janā anya-devatā-bhaktāḥ kevaleṣv indrādiṣu bhaktimantaḥ śraddhayā ataeva phala-pradā iti dṛḍha-viśvāsenopetāḥ santo yajante yajñais tān arcayanti | te 'pi mām eva yajanti iti satyam etat | kintv avidhi-pūrvakaṃ te yajanti yena vidhinā gatāgata-nivartakā mat-prāptiḥ syāt taṃ vidhiṃ vinaiva | atas tat te labhante ||23||

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BhG 9.24

ahaṃ hi sarva-yajñānāṃ bhoktā ca prabhur eva ca |
na tu mām abhijānanti tattvenātaś cyavanti te ||24||

śrīdharaḥ - etad eva vivṛṇoti aham iti | sarveṣāṃ yajñānāṃ tat-tad-devatā-rūpeṇāham eva bhoktā | prabhuś ca svāmī | phala-dātā cāpy aham evety arthaḥ | evambhūtaṃ māṃ te tattvena yathāvan nābhijānanti | ataś cyavanti pracyavante punar āvartante | ye tu sarva-devatāsu mām evātaryāminaṃ paśyanto yajanti te tu nāvartante ||24||

madhusūdanaḥ - avidhi-pūrvakatvaṃ vivṛṇvan phala-pracyutim amīṣām āha aham hīti | ahaṃ bhagavān vāsudeva eva sarveṣāṃ yajñānāṃ śrautānāṃ smārtānāṃ ca tat-tad-devatā-rūpeṇa bhoktā ca svenāntaryāmi-rūpeṇādhiyajñatvāt prabhuś ca phala-dātā ceti prasiddham etat | devatāntara-yājinas tu mām īdṛśaṃ tattvena bhoktṛtvena prabhutvena ca bhagavān vāsudeva eva vastv-ādi-rūpeṇa yajñānāṃ bhoktā svena rūpeṇa ca phala-dātā na tad-anyo 'sti kaścid ārādhya ity evaṃ-rūpeṇa na jānanti | ato mat-svarūpāparijñānān mahatāyāseneṣṭvāpi mayy anarpita-karmāṇas tat-tad-deva-lokaṃ dhūmādi-mārgeṇa gatvā tad-bhogānte cyavanti pracyavante tad-bhoga-janaka-karma-kṣayāt tad-dehādi-viyuktāḥ punar deha-grahaṇāya manuṣya-lokaṃ pratyāvartante | ye tu tat-tad-devatāsu bhagavantam eva sarvāntaryāmiṇaṃ paśyanto yajante te bhagavad-arpita-karmāṇas tad-vidyā-sahita-karma-vaśād arcir-ādi-mārgeṇa brahma-lokaṃ gatvā tatrotpanna-samyag-darśanās tad-bhogānte mucyanta iti vivekaḥ ||24||

viśvanāthaḥ --- avidhi-pūrvakatvaṃ evāha aham iti | devatāntara-rūpeṇāham eva bhoktā prabhuḥ svāmī phala-dātā cāham evati | māṃ tu tattvena na jānanti | yathā sūryasyāham upāsakaḥ | sūrya eva mayi prasīdatu | sūrya eva mad-abhīṣṭaṃ phalaṃ dadātu | sūrya eva parameśvara iti teṣāṃ buddhiḥ | na tu parameśvaro nārāyaṇa eva sūryaḥ | sa eva tādṛśa-śraddhotpādakaḥ | sa eva mahyaṃ sūryopāsanā-phala-pradaḥ | iti buddhi-ratas tattvato mad-abhijñānābhāvāt te cyavante | bhagavān nārāyaṇa eva sūryādi-rūpeṇārādhyate iti bhāvanayā viśvato-mukhaṃ mām upāsīnās tu mucyanta eva | tasmān mad-vibhūtiṣu sūryādiṣu pūjā mad-vibhūti-jñāna-pūrvikaiva kartavyā | na tv anyathā iti dyotitam ||24||

baladevaḥ - avidhi-pūrvakatāṃ darśayati ahaṃ hīti | aham evendrādi-rūpeṇa sarveṣāṃ yajñānāṃ bhoktā prabhuḥ svāmī pālakaḥ phaladaś cety evaṃ tattvena māṃ nābhijānanti | atas te cyavanti saṃsaranti ||24||

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BhG 9.25

yānti deva-vratā devān pitṝn yānti pitṛ-vratāḥ |
bhūtāni yānti bhūtejyā yānti mad-yājino 'pi mām ||25||

śrīdharaḥ - tad evopapādayati yāntīti | deveṣv indrādiṣu vrataṃ niyamo yeṣāṃ te antavanto devān yānti | ataḥ punar āvartante | pitṝṣu vrataṃ yeṣāṃ śrāddhādi-kriyā-parāṇāṃ te pitṝn yānti | bhūteṣu vinārakamātṛpaṇādiṣu ijyā pūjā yeṣāṃ te bhūtejyā bhūtāni yānti | māṃ yaṣṭuṃ śīlaṃ yeṣāṃ te mad-yājinaḥ | te mām evākṣayaṃ paramānanda-svarūpaṃ yānti ||25||

madhusūdanaḥ - devatāntara-yājinām anāvṛtti-phalābhāve 'pi tat-tad-devatāyām ānurūpa-kṣudra-phalāvāptir dhruveti vadan bhagavad-yājināṃ tebhyo vailakṣaṇyam āha yāntīti | avidhi-pūrvaka-yājino hi trividhā antaḥkaraṇopādhi-guṇa-traya-bhedāt | tatra sāttvikā deva-vratāḥ | devā vasu-rudrādityādayas tat-sambandhi-vrataṃ baly-upahāra-pradakṣiṇa-prahvī-bhāvādi-rūpaṃ pūjanaṃ yeṣāṃ te tān eva devān yānti taṃ yathā yathopāsate tad eva bhavati iti śruteḥ | rājasās tu pitṛ-vratāḥ śrāddhādi-kriyābhir agniṣv āttādīnāṃ pitṝṇām ārādhakās tān eva pitṝn yānti | tathā tāmasā bhūtejyā yakṣa-rakṣo-vināyaka-mātṛ-gaṇādīnāṃ bhūtānāṃ pūjakās tāny eva bhūtāni yānti | atra deva-pitṛ-bhūta-śabdānāṃ tat-sambandhi-lakṣaṇayoṣṭra-mukha-nyāyena samāsaḥ | madhyama-pada-lopi-samāsānaṅgīkārān prakṛti-vikṛti-bhāvābhāvena ca tādarthya-caturthī-samāsāyogāt | ante ca pūjāvācījyāśabda-prayogāt pūrva-paryāya-dvaye 'pi vrata-śabdaḥ pūjā-para eva |

evaṃ devatāntarārādhanasya tat-tad-devatā-rūpatvam antavat phalam uktvā bhagavad-ārādhanasya bhagavad-rūpatvam anantaṃ phalam āha māṃ bhagavantaṃ yaṣṭuṃ pūjayituṃ śīlaṃ yeṣāṃ te mad-yājinaḥ sarvāsu devatāsu bhagavad-bhāva-darśino bhagavad-ārādhana-parāyaṇā māṃ bhagavantam eva yānti | samāne 'py āyāse bhagavantam anataryāmiṇam ananta-phala-dam anārādhya devatāntaram ārādhyāntavat-phalaṃ yāntīty aho durdaiva-vaibhavam ajñānām ity abhiprāyaḥ ||25||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanu ca tat-tad-devatā-pūjā-paddhatau yo yo vidhir uktas tenaiva vidhinā sā sā devatā pūjyata eva | yathā viṣṇu-pūjā-paddhatau ya eva vidhis tenaiva vaiṣṇavā viṣṇuṃ pūjayanti | ato devatāntara-bhaktānāṃ ko doṣa iti cet satyam | tarhi tāṃ tāṃ devatāṃ tad-bhaktāḥ prāpnuvanty eva ity ayaṃ nyāya eva ity āha yāntīti | tena tat-tad-devatānām api naśvaratvāt tat-tad-devatā-bhaktāḥ katham anaśvaro bhavantu ? ahaṃ tv anaśvaro nityo mad-bhaktā apy anaśvarāḥ iti te nityā eveti dyotitam | bhavān ekaḥ śiṣyate śeṣa-saṃjñaḥ [BhP 10.3.25] iti | eko nārāyaṇa evāsīn na brahmā na ca śaṅkaraḥ iti | parārdhānte so 'budhyata gopa-rūpo me purastād āvirbabhūva [GTU 1.25] iti | na cyavante ca mad-bhaktā mahati pralaye 'pi [SkandaP Kāśī-khaṇḍe] ity ādi śruti-smṛtibhyaḥ ||25||

baladevaḥ - vastuto mama tat tad devatādi-rūpatayā sthitatve 'pi tad-rūpatayā maj-jñānābhāvād eva temāṃ nāpnuvantīty āha yāntīti | atrādy-apaaryāye vrata-śabdaḥ pūjābhidhāyī paratrejyā-śabdāt | deva-vratā deva-pūjakāḥ sāttvika-darśa-paurṇamāsy-ādi-karmabhir indrādīn yajantas tān eva yānti | pitṛ-vratā rājasāḥ śrāddhādi-karmabhiḥ pitṝn yajantas tān eva yānti | bhūtejyās tāmasās tat-tad-balibhir yakṣa-rakṣo-vināyakān pūjayantas tāny eva bhūtāni yānti | mad-yājinas tu nirguṇāḥ sulabhair dravyair mām arcayanto mām eva yānti | apir avadhāraṇe | ayam arthaḥ - indrādīnāṃ vayam upāsakās ta evāsmākam īśvarāḥ pūjābhiḥ prasīdantaḥ phalāny abhīṣā̆tāni dadyur iti mad-anya-deva-sevakānāṃ bhāvanā | sarva-śaktiḥ sarveśvaro vāsudevas tad-devatādi-rūpeṇāvasthito 'smat-svāmī sulabhopacāraiḥ karmabhir ārādhitaḥ sarvāṇy asmad-abhīṣṭāni dadyād iti mat-sevakānāṃ bhāvanā | tataś ca samānāny eva karmāṇy anutiṣṭhanto 'pi devādi-sevino mad-bhāvanā-vaimukhyāt tān nijeṣṭān evācirāyuṣo 'lpa-vibhūtīn āsādya taiḥ saha parimitān bhogān bhuktvā tad-vināśe vinaśyanti | mat-sevinas tu mām anādi-nidhanaṃ satya-saṅkalpam ananta-vibhūtiṃ vijñānānanda-mayaṃ bhakta-vatsalaṃ sarveśvaraṃ prāpya mattaḥ punar na nivartante | mayā sākam anantāni sukhāni anubhavante mad-dhāmni divye vilasantīti ||25||

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BhG 9.26

patraṃ puṣpaṃ phalaṃ toyaṃ yo me bhaktyā prayacchati |
tad ahaṃ bhakty-upahṛtam aśnāmi prayatātmanaḥ ||26||

śrīdharaḥ - tad evaṃ sva-bhaktānām akṣaya-phalam uktam | anāyāsatvaṃ ca sva-bhakter darśayati patram iti | patra-puṣpādi-mātram api mahyaṃ bhaktyā prītyā yaḥ prayacchati tasy aprayatātmanaḥ śuddha-cittasya niṣkāma-bhaktasya tat-patra-puṣpādikaṃ bhaktyā tena upahṛtaṃ samarpitam aham aśnāmi | na hi mahā-vibhūti-pateḥ parameśvarasya mama kṣudra-devatānām iva bahu-vitta-sādhya-yogādibhiḥ paritoṣaḥ syāt | kintu bhakti-mātreṇa | ato bhaktena samarpitaṃ yat kiñcit patrādi-mātram api tad-anugrahārtham evāśnāmīti bhāvaḥ ||26||

madhusūdanaḥ - tad evaṃ devatāntarāṇi parityajyānanta-phalatvād bhagavata evārādhanaṃ kartavyam atisukaratvāc cety āha patram iti | patraṃ puṣpaṃ phalaṃ toyam anyad vānāyāsa-labhyaṃ yat kiṃcid vastu yaḥ kaścid api naro me mahyam ananta-mahā-vibhūti-pataye parameśvarāya bhaktyā na vāsudevāt param asti kiṃcit iti buddhi-pūrvikayā prītyā pracchatīśvarāya bhṛtyavad upakalpayati mat-svatvānā āspada-dravyābhāvāt sarvasyāpi jagato mayaivārjitatvāt | ato madīyam eva sarvaṃ mahyam arpayati janaḥ | tasya prītyā prayacchataḥ prayatātmanaḥ śuddha-buddhes tat-patra-puṣpādi-tuccham api vastu ahaṃ sarveśvaro 'śnāmi aśanavat prītyā svīkṛtya tṛpyāmi | atra vācasyātyanta-tiraskārād aśana-lakṣitena svīkāra-viśeṣeṇa prīty-atiśaya-hetutvaṃ vyajyate | na ha vai devā aśnanti na pibanty etad evāmṛtaṃ dṛṣṭvā tṛpyanti iti śruteḥ |

kasmāt tuccham api tad aśnāsi ? yasmād bhakty-upahṛtaṃ bhaktyā prītyā samarpitaṃ tena prītyā samarpaṇaṃ mat-svīkāra-nimittam ity arthaḥ | atra bhaktyā prayacchatīty uktvā punar bhakty-upahṛtam iti vadann abhaktasya brāhmaṇatva-tapasvitvādi mat-svīkāra-nimittaṃ na bhavatīti parisaṅkhyāṃ sūcayati | śrīdāma-brāhmaṇānīta-taṇḍula-kaṇa-bhakṣaṇavat prīti-viśeṣa-pratibaddha-bhakṣyābhakṣya-vijñāno bāla iva mātrādy-arpitaṃ patra-puṣpādi bhaktārpitaṃ sākṣād eva bhakṣayāmīti vā | tena bhaktir eva mat-paritoṣa-nimittaṃ na tu devatāntaravad baly-upahārādi bahu-vitta-vyayāyāsa-sādhyaṃ kiṃcid iti devatāntaram apahāya mām eva bhajetety abhiprāyaḥ ||26||

viśvanāthaḥ --- varaṃ devāntara-bhaktāvāyāsādhikyaṃ na tu mad-bhaktāv ity āha patram iti | atra bhaktyeti karaṇam | tṛtīyāyāṃ bhakty-upahṛtam iti paunaruktaṃ syāt | ataḥ sahārthe tṛtīyā | bhaktyā sahito mad-bhaktā ity arthaḥ | tena mad-bhakta-bhinno janas tātkālikyā bhaktyā yat prayacchati tat tenopahṛtam api patra-puṣpādikaṃ naivāśnāmīti dyotitam | tataś ca mad-bhakta eva patrādikaṃ yad dadāti tat tasyāham aśnāmi yathocitam upayuñje | kīdṛśam ? bhaktyopahṛtam | na tu kasyacid anurodhādinā dattam ity arthaḥ | kiṃ ca mad-bhaktasyāpy apavitra-śarīratve sati nāśnāmīty āha prayatātmanaḥ śuddha-śarīrasyeti rajaḥsvalādayo vyāvṛttāḥ | yad vā prayatātmanaḥ śuddhāntaḥkaraṇasya mad-bhaktaṃ vinā nānyaḥ śuddhāntaḥkaraṇa iti | dhautātmā puruṣaḥ kṛṣṇa-pāda-mūlaṃ na muñcati [BhP 2.8.5] iti parīkṣid-ukter mat-pāda-sevā-tyāgāsāmārthyam eva śuddha-cittatva-cihnam | ataḥ kvacit kāma-krodhādi-sattve 'pi utkhāta-daṃṣṭroraga-daṃśavat tasyākiṃcit-karatvaṃ jñeyam ||26||

baladevaḥ - evam akṣayānanta-phalatvān mad-bhaktiḥ kāryety uktvā sukha-sādhyatvāc ca sā kāryety āha patram iti | patraṃ vā puṣpaṃ vānyad vā | yat sulabhaṃ vastu yo bhaktyā prīti-bhareṇa me sarveśvarāya prayacchati, tasya bhakty-upahṛtaṃ prīty-arpitaṃ tat-tad-ananta-vibhūtiḥ pūrṇa-kāmo 'py aham aśnāmi yathocitam upabhuñje | tat-prīty-udita-kṣut-tṛṣṇaḥ san tad-bhaktyāveśāt tat sarvam admīti vā | tasya kīdṛśasyety āha prayatātmano viśuddha-manaso niṣkāmasyety arthaḥ | tathī̀a ca niṣkāmeṇa mad-anuraktenārpitaṃ tad aśnāmi | tad-viparītenārpitaṃ tu nāśnāmīty uktam | bhaktyā ity uktvāpi punar bhakty-upahṛtam ity uktir bhaktir eva mat-toṣikā | na tu divjatva-tapasvitvād iti sūcayati | iha satatam ananyaḥ patram ity ādibhis tribhir uktā kīrtanādi-rūpa-viśuddha-bhaktir arpitaiva kriyeta, na tu kṛtvārpiteti |

iti puṃsārpitā viṣṇau bhaktiś cen nava-lakṣaṇā |
kriyeta bhagavaty addhā tan manye 'dhītam uttamam [BhP 7.5.19]

iti prahlāda-vākyāt | atas tathātra nokteḥ ||26||

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BhG 9.27

yat karoṣi yad aśnāsi yaj juhoṣi dadāsi yat |
yat tapasyasi kaunteya tat kuruṣva mad-arpaṇam ||27||

śrīdharaḥ - na ca patra-puṣpādikam api yajñārtha-paśu-somādi-dravyavan mad-artham evodyamair āpādya samarpaṇīyam | kiṃ tarhi ? yat karoṣīti svabhāvataḥ śāstrato vā yat kiñcit karma karoṣi | tathā yad aśnāsi | yaj juhoṣi | yad dadāsi | yat tapasyasi tapaḥ karoṣi | tat sarvaṃ mayy arpitaṃ yathā bhavaty evaṃ kuruṣva ||27||

madhusūdanaḥ - kīdṛśaṃ te bhajanaṃ tad āha yat karoṣīti | yat karoṣi śāstrād ṛte 'pi rāgāt prāptaṃ gamanādi yad aśnāsi svayaṃ tṛpty-arthaṃ karma-siddhy-arthaṃ vā | tathā yaj juhoṣi śāstra-balān nityam agnihotrādi-homaṃ nirvartayasi | śrauta-smārta-sarva-homopalakṣaṇam etat | tathā yad dadāsi atithi-brāhmaṇādibhyo 'nna-hiraṇyādi | tathā yat tapasyasi pratisaṃvatsaram ajñāta-prāmādika-pāpa-nivṛttaye cāndrāyaṇādi carasi ucchṛṅkhala-pravṛtti-nirāsāya śarīrendriya-saṃghātaṃ saṃyamayasīti vā | etac ca sarveṣāṃ nitya-naimittika-karmaṇām upalakṣaṇam | tena yat tava prāṇi-svabhāva-vaśād vināpi śāstram avaśyambhāvi gamanāśanādi, yac ca śāstra-vaśād avaśyambhāvi homa-dānādi he kaunteya tat sarvaṃ laukikaṃ vaidikaṃ ca karmānyenaiva nimittena kriyamāṇaṃ mad-arpaṇaṃ mayy arpitaṃ yathā syāt tathā kuruṣva | ātmanepadena samarpaka-niṣṭham eva samarpaṇa-phalaṃ na tu mayi kiṃcid iti darśayati | avaśyambhāvināṃ karmaṇāṃ mayi parama-gurau samarpaṇam eva mad-bhajanaṃ na tu tad-arthaṃ pṛthag-vyāpāraḥ kaścit kartavya ity abhiprāyaḥ ||27||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanu ca ārto jijñāsur arthārthī jñānī ity ārabhya etāvatīṣu tvad-uktāsu bhaktiṣu madhye khalv ahaṃ kāṃ bhaktiṃ karavai ? ity apekṣāyāṃ bho arjuna sāmprataṃ tāvat tava karma-jñānādīnāṃ tyaktum aśakyatvāt sarvotkṛṣṭāyāṃ kevalāyām ananya-bhaktau nādhikāro nāpi nikṛṣṭāyāṃ sakāma-bhaktau | tasmāt tvaṃ niṣkāmāṃ karma-jñāna-miśrāṃ pradhānī-bhūtām eva bhaktiṃ kurv ity āha yat karoṣīti dvābhyām | laukikaṃ vaidikaṃ vā yat karma tvaṃ karoṣi | yad aśnāsi vyavahārato bhojana-pānādikaṃ yat karoṣi tat tapasyasi tapaḥ karoṣi tat sarvaṃ mayy evāpaṇaṃ yasya tad yathā syāt tathā kuru | na cāyaṃ niṣkāma-karma-yyoga eva, na tu bhakti-yoga iti vācyam | niṣkāma-karmibhiḥ śāstra-vihitaṃ karmaiva bhagavaty arpyate, na tu vyavahārikaṃ kim api kṛtam | tathaiva sarvatra dṛṣṭeḥ | bhaktais tu svātma-manaḥ-prāṇendriya-vyāpāra-mātram eva sveṣṭa-deve bhagavaty arpyate | yad uktaṃ bhakti-prakaraṇa eva -

kāyena vācā manasendriyair vā
buddhyātmanā vānusṛta-svabhāvāt |
karoti yad yat sakalaṃ parasmai
nārāyaṇāyeti samarpayet tam || [BhP 11.2.34] iti |

nanu ca juhoṣīti havanam idam arcana-bhakty-aṅga-bhūtaṃ viṣṇūddeśayakam eva | tapasyasīti | tapo 'py etad ekādaśy-ādi-vrata-rūpam eva | ata iyam ananyaiva bhaktiḥ kim iti nocyate ? satyam ananyā bhaktir hi kṛtvāpi na bhagavaty arpyate, kintu bhagavaty arpitaiva jñāyate | yad uktaṃ śrī-prahlādena - śravaṇaṃ kīrtanaṃ viṣṇoḥ smaraṇam ity atra iti puṃsārpitā viṣṇau bhaktiś cen nava-lakṣaṇā kriyeta [BhP 7.5.18-19] ity asya vyākhyā ca śrī-svāmi-caraṇānāṃ bhagavati viṣṇau bhaktiḥ kriyate, sā cārpitaivaa satī yadi kriyeta, na tu kṛtā satī paścād arpyate ity ataḥ padyam idaṃ na kevalāyāṃ paryavased iti ||27||

baladevaḥ - satatam ity ādibhir nirapekṣāṇāṃ bhaktir mayā tvāṃ praty uktā | tvayā tu pariniṣṭhitena kīrtanādikāṃ bhaktiṃ kurvatāpi loka-saṅgrahāya nikhila-karmārpaṇān mamāpi bhaktiḥ kāryeti bhāvenāh yad iti | yat tvaṃ deha-yātrā-sādhakaṃ laukikaṃ karma karoṣi, yac ca deha-dhāraṇārtham annādikam aśnāsi, tathā yaj juhoṣi vaidikam agnihotrādi-homam anutiṣṭhasi, yac ca sat-pātrebhyo 'nna-hiraṇyādikaṃ dadāsi, pratyabdam ajñāta-durita-kṣataye cāndrāyaṇādy ācarasi, tat sarvaṃ mad-arpaṇaṃ yathā syāt tathā kuruṣva | tena man-nimittasyāsya lokasya saṅkgrahāt tvayi mat-prasādo bhūyān bhāvīti | na ceyaṃ sarva-karmārpaṇa-rūypā bhaktiḥ sa-niṣṭhānām iti vācyam, tair vaidikānām eva tatrārpyamāṇāt | kintu pariniṣṭhitānām eveyam | tair yat karoṣi ity ādi svāmi-nirdeśena sarva-karmaṇāṃ tatrārpaṇāt | te hi svāmino loka-saṅgrahaṃ prayāsam apaninīṣavas tathā tāny ācarantas taṃ prasādayantīti ||27||

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BhG 9.28

śubhāśubha-phalair evaṃ mokṣyase karma-bandhanaiḥ |
saṃnyāsa-yoga-yuktātmā vimukto mām upaiṣyasi ||28||

śrīdharaḥ - evaṃ ca yat phalaṃ prāpsyasi tat śṛṇu śubhāśubheti | evaṃ kurvan karma-bandhanaiḥ karma-nimittair iṣṭāniṣṭa-phalairmukto bhaviṣyasi karmaṇāṃ mayi samarpitatvena tava tat-phala-sambandhānupapatteḥ | taiś ca vimuktaḥ san | saṃnyāsa-yoga-yuktātmā saṃnyāsaḥ karmaṇāṃ mad-arpaṇam | sa eva yogaḥ | tena yukta ātmā cittaṃ yasya | tathābhūtas tvaṃ māṃ prāpsyasi ||28||

madhusūdanaḥ - etādṛśasya bhajanasya phalam āha śubhāśubheti | evam anāyāsa-siddhe 'pi sarva-karma-samarpaṇa-rūpe mad-bhajane sati śubhāśubhe iṣṭāniṣṭhe phale yeṣāṃ taiḥ karma-bandhanair bandha-rūpaiḥ karmabhir mokṣyase mayi samarpitaatvāt tava tat-sambandhānupapatteḥ karmabhis tat-phalaiś ca na saṃsrakṣyase | tataś ca saṃnyāsa-yoga-yuktātmā saṃnyāsaḥ sarva-karmaṇāṃ bhagavati samarpaṇaṃ sa eva yoga iva citta-śodhakatvād yogas tena yuktaḥ śodhita ātmāntaḥkaraṇaṃ yasya sa tvaṃ tyakta-sarva-karmā vā karma-bandhanair jīvann eva vimuktaḥ san samyag-darśanenājñānāvaraṇa-nivṛttyā mām upaiṣyasi sākṣāt-kariṣyasy ahaṃ brahmāsmīti | tataḥ prārabdha-karma-kṣayāt patite 'smin śarīre videha-kaivalya-rūpaṃ mām upaiṣyasi | idānīm api mad-rūpaḥ san sarvopādhi-nivṛttyā māyika-bheda-vyavahāra-viṣayo na bhaviṣyasīty arthaḥ ||28||

viśvanāthaḥ --- śubhāśubha-phalair anantaiḥ karma-rūpair bandhanair vimokṣyase | bhaktir asya bhajanam | tad ihāmutropādhi-nairāsyenaivāmuṣmin manaḥ-kalpanam | etad eva ca naiṣkarmyam [GTU 1.14] iti śruteḥ | saṃnyāsaḥ karma-phala-tyāgaḥ sa eva yogas tena yukta ātmā mano yasya saḥ | na kevalaṃ mukta eva bhaviṣyasy api tu vimukto mukteṣv api viśiṣṭaḥ san mām upaiṣyasi sākṣāt paricarituṃ man-nikaṭam eṣyasi -

muktānām api siddhānāṃ nārāyaṇa-parāyaṇaḥ
sudurlabhaḥ praśāntātmā koṭiṣv api mahāmune || [BhP 6.14.5] iti smṛteḥ |

muktiṃ dadāti karhicit sma na bhakti-yogam [BhP 5.6.18] iti śukokteḥ |

mukteḥ sakāśād api sākṣān mat-prema-sevāyā utkarṣo 'yam eveti bhāvaḥ ||28||

baladevaḥ -īdṛśa-bhakteḥ phalam āha śubheti | evaṃ man-nideśa-kṛtāyāṃ sarva-karmārpaṇa-lakṣaṇāyāṃ bhaktau satyāṃ karma-rūpair bandhanais tvaṃ mokṣyase | kīdṛśair ity āha śubhetīṣṭāniṣṭa-phalais tat-prāpti-pratīpaiḥ prācīnair ity arthaḥ | kīdṛśas tvam ity āha saṃnyāseti mayi karmārpaṇaṃ saṃnyāsaḥ | sa eva citta-viśodhakatvād yogas tad-yukta ātmā mano yasya saḥ | na kevalaṃ mukta eva karmabhir bhaviṣyasy api tu vimuktaḥ san mām upaiṣyasi | mukteṣu viśiṣṭaḥ san māṃ sākṣāt sevituṃ mad-antikaṃ prāpsyasi ||28||


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BhG 9.29

samo 'haṃ sarvabhūteṣu na me dveṣyo 'sti na priyaḥ |
ye bhajanti tu māṃ bhaktyā mayi te teṣu cāpy aham ||29||

śrīdharaḥ - yadi bhaktebhya eva mokṣaṃ dadāsi nābhaktebhyas tarhi tavāpi kiṃ rāda-dveṣādi-kṛtaṃ vaiṣamyam asti ? nety āha samo 'ham iti | samo 'haṃ sarveṣv api bhūteṣu | ato me mama priyaś ca dveṣyaś ca nāsty eva | evaṃ saty api ye māṃ bhajanti te bhaktā mayi vartante | aham api teṣv anugrāhakatayā varte | ayaṃ bhāvaḥ - yathā agneḥ svalevakeṣv eva tamaḥ-śītādi-duḥkham apākurvato 'pi na vaiṣamyam | yathā vā kalpa-vṛkṣasya | tathaiva bhakta-pakṣa-pātino 'pi mama vaiṣamyaṃ nāsty eva | kintu mad-bhakter evāyaṃ mahimeti ||29||

madhusūdanaḥ - yadi bhaktān evānugṛhṇāsi nābhaktān | tato rāga-dveṣavattvena kathaṃ parameśvaraḥ syā iti nety āha samo 'ham iti | sarveṣu prāṇiṣu samas tulyo 'haṃ sad-rūpeṇa sphuraṇa-rūpeṇānanda-rūpeṇa ca svābhāvikenaupādhikena cāntaryāmitvena | ato namama dveṣa-viṣayaḥ prīti-viṣayo vā kaścid asti sāvitrasyeva gagana-maṇḍala-vyāpinaḥ prakāśāsya | tarhi kathaṃ bhaktābhaktayoḥ phala-vaiṣamyaṃ tatrāha ye bhajanti tu ye tu bhajanti sevante māṃ sarva-karma-samarpaṇa-rūpayā bhaktyā | abhaktāpekṣayā bhaktānāṃ viśeṣa-dyotanārthas tu-śabdaḥ | ko 'sau ? mayi te ye mad-arpitair niṣkāmaiḥ karmabhiḥ śodhitāntaḥkaraṇās te nirasta-samasta-rajas-tamo-malasya sattvodrekeṇātisvacchasyāntaḥkaraṇasya sadā mad-ākārā vṛttim upainpan-mānenotpādayanto mayi vartante | aham apy atisvacchāyāṃ tadīya-citta-vṛttau pratibimbitas teṣu varte | ca-kāro 'vadhāraṇārthas ta eva mayi teṣv evāham iti |

svacchasya hi dravyasyāyam eva svabhāvo yena sambadhyate tad-ākāraṃ gṛhṇātīti | svaccha-dravya-sambaddhasya ca vastuna eṣa eva svabhāvo yat tatra pratiphalatīti | tathāsvaccha-dravyasyāpy eṣa eva svabhāvo yat sva-sambaddhasyākāraṃ na gṛhṇātīti | asvaccha-dravya-sambaddhasya ca vastuna eṣa eva svabhāvo yat tatra na pratiphalatīti | yathā hi sarvatra vidyamāno 'pi sāvitraḥ prakāśaḥ svacche darpaṇādāv evābhivyajyate na tv asvacche ghaṭādau | tāvatā na darpaṇe rajyati na vā dveṣṭi ghaṭam | evaṃ sarvatra samo 'pi svacche bhakta-citte 'bhivyajyamāno 'svacche cābhakti-citte 'nabhivyajya-māno 'haṃ na rajyāmi kutracit | na vā dveṣmi kaṃcit | sāmagrī-maryādayā jāyamānasya kāraysāparyanuyojyatvāt | vahnivat kalpa-taruvac cāvaiṣamyaṃ vyākhyeyam ||29||

viśvanātha - nanu bhaktān eva vimuktīkṛtya svaṃ prāpayasi | na tv abhaktān iti cet tarhi tavāpi kiṃ rāga-dveṣādi-kṛtaṃ vaiṣamyam asti ? nety āha samo 'ham iti | te bhaktā mayi vartante 'ham api teṣu varta iti vyākhyāne bhagavaty eva sarva-jagad vartata eva | bhagavān api sarva-jagatsu vartata eveti nāsti viśeṣaḥ | tasmāt ye yathā māṃ prapadyante tāṃs tathaiva bhajāmy aham [Gītā 4.11] iti nyāyena | mayi te āsaktā bhaktā vartante yathā tathāhamapi teṣv āsakta iti vyākhyeyam | atra kalpa-vṛkṣādi-dṛṣṭāntas tv ekāṃśenaiva jñeyaḥ | na hi kalpa-vṛkṣa-phalākāṅkṣayā tad āśritā āsajjanti | nāpi kalpa-vṛkṣaḥ svāśriteṣv āsaktaḥ | nāpi sa āśritasya vairiṇo dveṣṭi | bhagavāṃs tu svabhakta-vairiṇaṃ svahastenaiva hinasti | yad uktaṃ prahrādāya yadā druhyed dhaniṣye 'pi varorjitam [BhP 7.4.28] iti kecit tu tu-kārasya bhinnopakramārthatvam ākhyāya bhakta-vātsalya-lakṣaṇaṃ tu vaiṣamyaṃ mayi vidyata eveti tac ca bhagavato bhūṣaṇaṃ, na tu dūṣaṇam iti vyācakṣate | tathā hi bhagavato bhakta-vātsalyam eva prasiddham | na tu jñāni-vātsalyaṃ yogi-vātsalyaṃ vā, yathā hy anyo janaḥ sva-dāseṣv eva vatsalo nānya-dāseṣu, tathaiva bhagavān api sva-bhakteṣv eva vatsalo na rudra-bhakteṣu nāpi devī-bhakteṣv iti ||29||

baladevaḥ -- nanu bhaktān eva vimocyāntikaṃ nayasi | nābhaktān iti tavāpi kiṃ sarveśvarasya rāga-dveṣa-kṛtaṃ vaiṣamyam asti ? tatrāha samo 'ham iti | deva-manuṣya-tiryak-sthāvarādiṣu jātyākṛti-svabhāvair viṣameṣu sarveṣu bhūteṣu tat-tat-karmānuguṇyena sṛṣṭi-pālana-kṛt sarveśvaro 'haṃsamaḥ parjanya iva nānā-vidheṣu tat-tad-bījeṣu, na teṣu me ko 'pi dveṣyaḥ priyo vety arthaḥ | bhaktānām abhaktebhyo viśesaṃ bodhayitum iha tu-śabdaḥ | ye tu māṃ bhajanti śravaṇādi-bhaktibhir anukūlayanti, te bhaktyānuraktyā mayi vartante | teṣv ahaṃ ca sarveśvaro 'pi bhaktyā varte, maṇi-suvarṇa-nyāyena bhagavato 'pi bhakteṣu bhaktir asti | bahgavān bhakta-bhaktimān ity ādi śrī-śuka-vākyād iti premṇā mitho vartana-viśeṣo darśitaḥ | anyathā tv aviśeṣāpattiḥ | tasya pratijñā tv īdṛśy evāvagamyate ye yathā mām ity ādinā | kalpa-druma-dṛṣṭānto 'py atrāṃśika eva | tatra mithaḥ prītya-apratīteḥ pakṣapātāpratīteś ca | tathā ca sarvatrāviṣame 'pi mayi svāśrita-vātsalya-lakṣaṇaṃ vaiṣamyam astīty uktam | evam āha sūtrakāraḥ upapadyate cābhyupalabhyate ca [Vs 2.1.37] iti |

nanu bhakter api karmatvānusāreṇa teṣu tad-vātsalyān na tal-lakṣaṇe tad iti | cen maivam etat | svarūpa-śakti-vṛtter bhakteḥ karmānyatvāt | śrutiś ca sac-cid-ānandaika-rase bhakti-yoge tiṣṭhati [GTU 2.78] iti | na ca svarūpa-prayuktatvād dūṣaṇam etad iti vācyam | guṇa-śreṣṭhatvena stūyamānatvāt ||29||

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BhG 9.30

api cet sudurācāro bhajate mām ananya-bhāk |
sādhur eva sa mantavyaḥ samyag vyavasito hi saḥ ||30||

śrīdhara: api ca mad-bhakter evāyam avitarkyaṃ prabhāva iti darśayann āha api ced iti | atyantaṃ durācāro 'pi naro yadyap apṛthaktvena pṛthag-devatāpi vāsudeva eveti buddhyā devatāntara-bhaktim akurvan mām eva parameśvaraṃ bhajate tarhi sādhuḥ śreṣṭha eva sa mantavyaḥ | yato 'sau samyag-vyavasitaḥ parameśvara-bhajanenaiva kṛtārtho bhaviṣyāmīti śobhanam adhyavasāyaṃ kṛtavān ||30||

madhusūdanaḥ -kiṃ ca mad-bhakter evāyaṃ mahimā yat same 'pi vaiṣamyam āpādayati śṛṇu tan-mahimānam api ced iti | yaḥ kaścit sudurācāro 'pi ced ajāmilādir ivānanya-bhāk san māṃ bhajate kutaścid bhāgyodayāt sevate sa prāg asādhur api sādhur eva mantavyaḥ | hi yasmāt samyag-vyavasitaḥ sādhu-niścayavān saḥ ||30||

viśvanātha : sva-bhakteṣv āsaktir mama svābhāviky eva bhavati, sā durācāre 'pi bhakte nāpayāti | tam apy utkṛṣṭam eva karomīty āha api ced iti | sudurācāraḥ para-hiṃsā para-dāra-para-dravyādi-grahaṇa-parāyaṇe 'pi māṃ bhajate cet, kīdṛg-bhajanavān ity ata āha, ananya-bhāk matto 'nya-devatāntaram | mad-bhakter anyat karma-jñānādikam, mat-kāmanāto 'nyāṃ rājyādi-kāmanāṃ na bhajate, sa sādhuḥ |

nanv etādṛśe kadācāre dṛṣṭe sati, kathaṃ sādhutvam ? tatrāha, mantavyo mananīyaḥ | sādhutvenaiva sa jñeya iti yāvat | mantavyam iti vidhi-vākyam anyathā pratyavāyaḥ syāt | atra mad-ājñaiva pramāṇam iti bhāvaḥ |

nanu tvāṃ bhajate ity etad-aṃśena sādhuḥ para-dārādi-grahaṇāṃśenāsādhuś ca sa mantavyas tatrāha eveti | sarveṇāpy aṃśena sādhur eva mantavyaḥ | kadāpi tasyāsādhutvaṃ na draṣṭavyam iti bhāvaḥ | samyag vyavasitaṃ niścayo yasya saḥ | dustyajena sva-pāpena narakaṃ tiryag-yonir vā yāmi aikāntikaṃ śrī-kṛṣṇa-bhajanaṃ tu naiva jihāsāmīti sa śobhanam adhyavasāyaṃ kṛtavān ity arthaḥ ||30||

baladevaḥ - mama śuddha-bhakti-vaśyatā-lakṣaṇaḥ svabhāvo dustyaja eva | yad ahaṃ jugupsita-karmaṇy api bhakte 'nurajyaṃs tam utkarṣayāmīti pūrvārthaṃ puṣṇann āha api ced iti | ananya-bhāk janaś cet sudurācāro 'tivigarhita-karmāpi san māṃ bhajate mat-kīrtanādibhir māṃ sevate tad api sa sādhur eva mantavyaḥ | matto 'nyāṃ devatāṃ na bhajty āśrayatīti mad-ekāntī mām eva svāminaṃ parama-pumarthaṃ ca jānann ity arthaḥ | ubhayathā vartamāno 'pi sādhutvena sa pūjya iti bodhayitum eva-kāraḥ | tasya tathātve manane mantavya iti sva-nideśa-rūpo vidhiś ca darśitaḥ | itarathā pratyavāyād iti bhāvaḥ | ubhayathāpi vartamānasya sādhutvam evety atroktaṃ hetuṃ puṣṇann āha samyag iti | yad asau samyag-vyavasito mad-ekānta-niṣṭhā-rūpa-śreṣṭha-niścayavān ity arthaḥ | evam uktaṃ nārasiṃhe-

bhagavati ca harāv ananya-cetā
bhṛśam alino 'pi virājate manuṣyaḥ |
na hi śaśa-kaluṣa-cchaviḥ kadācit
timira-parābhavatām upaiti candraḥ || iti ||30||

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BhG 9.31

kṣipraṃ bhavati dharmātmā śaśvacchāntiṃ nigacchati |
kaunteya pratijānīhi na me bhaktaḥ praṇaśyati ||31||

śrīdharaḥ - nanu kathaṃ samīcīnādhyavasāya-mātreṇa sādhur mantavyaḥ ? tatrāha kṣipram iti | sudurācāro 'pi māṃ bhajan śīghraṃ dharma-citto bhavati | tataś ca śaśvac-chāntiṃ cittopaplavoparama-rūpāṃ parameśvara-niṣṭhāṃ nitarāṃ gacchati prāpnoti | kutarka-karkaśa-vādino naitātmanyerann iti śaṅkākulam arjunaṃ protsāhayati he kaunteya paṭahādi-mahā-ghoṣa-pūrvakaṃ vivadamānānāṃ sabhāṃ gatvā bāhum utkṣipya niḥśaṅkaṃ pratijānīhi pratijñāṃ kuru | katham ? me parameśvarasya bhaktaḥ sudurācāro 'pi na praṇaśyati | api tu kṛtārtha eva bhavatīti | tataś ca te taṃ prauḍhi-vijṛmbha-vidhvaṃsita-kutarkāḥ santo niḥsaṃśayaṃ tvām eva gurutvenāśrayeran ||31||

madhusūdanaḥ - asmād eva samyag-vyavasāyāt sa hitvā durācāratāṃ kṣipram iti | cira-kālam adharmātmāpi mad-bhajana-mahimnā kṣipraṃ śīghram eva bhavati dharmātmā dharmānugat-citto durācāratvaṃ jhaṭity eva tyaktvā sad-ācāro bhavatīty arthaḥ | kiṃ ca śaśvan nityaṃ śāntiṃ viṣaya-bhogaspṛhā-nivṛttiṃ nigacchati nitarāṃ prāpnoty atinirvedāt |

kaścit tvad-bhaktaḥ prāg abhyastaṃ durācāratvam atyajan na bhaved api dharmātmā | tathā ca sa naśyed eveti nety āha bhaktānukampāparavaśatayā kupita iva bhagavān | naitad āścaryaṃ manvīthā he kaunteya niścitam evedṛśaṃ mad-bhakter māhātmyam | ato vipratipannānāṃ purastād api tvaṃ pratijānīhi sāvajñaṃ sa-garvaṃ ca pratijñāṃ kuru | na me vāsudevasya bhatko 'tidurācāro 'pi prāṇa-saṅkaṭam āpanno 'pi sudurlabham ayogyaḥ san prārtahaymāno 'pi atimūḍho 'śaraṇo 'pi na praṇaśyati kiṃ tu kṛtārtha eva bhavatīti | dṛṣṭāntāś cājāmila-prahlāda-dhruva-gajendrādayaḥ prasiddhā eva | śāstraṃ ca na vāsudeva-bhaktānām aśubhaṃ vidyate kvacit iti ||31||

viśvanāthaḥ --- nanu tādṛśasyādharmiṇaḥ kathaṃ bhajanaṃ tvaṃ gṛhṇāsi ? kāma-krodhādi-dūṣitāntaḥkaraṇena niveditam anna-pānādikaṃ katham aśnāsīty ata āha kṣipraṃ śīghram eva sa dharmātmā bhavati | atra kṣipraṃ bhāvī sa dharmātmā śaśvac-chāntiṃ gamiṣyatīti aprayujya bhavati gacchatīti vartamāna-prayogāt adharma-karaṇānantaram eva mām anusmṛtya kṛtānutāpaḥ kṣipram eva dharmātmā bhavati | hanta hanta mat-tulyaḥ ko 'pi bhakta-lokaṃ kalaṅkayann adhamo nāsti | tad vidyām iti śaśvat punaḥ punar api śāntiṃ nirvedaṃ nitarāṃ gacchati | yad vā kiyataḥ samayād anantaraṃ tasya bhāvi dharmātmatvaṃ tadānīm api sūkṣma-rūpeṇa vartata evaṃ tan manasi bhakteḥ preveśāt yathā pīte mahauṣadhi sati tadānīṃ kiya-kāla-paryantaṃ naśyad-avastho jvara-dāho viṣa-dāho vā vartamāno 'pi na gaṇyata iti dhvaniḥ |

tataś ca tasya bhaktasya durācāratva-gamakāḥ kāma-krodhādyā utkhāta-daṃṣṭroraga-daṃśavad akiñcitkarā eva jñeyā iti anudhvaniḥ | ataeva śaśvat sarvadaiva śāntiṃ kāma-krodhādy-upaśamaṃ nitarāṃ gacchaty atiśayena prāpnotīti durācāratva-daśāyām api sa śuddhāntaḥkaraṇa eva ucyata iti bhāvaḥ |

nanu yadi sa dharmātmā syāt tadā nāsti ko 'pi vivādaḥ | kintu kaścid durācāra-bhakto maraṇa-paryantam api durācāratvaṃ na jahāti, tasya kā vārtā ity ato bhakta-vatsalo bhagavān sa-prauḍhi sa-kopam ivāha kaunteyeti | mama bhakto na praṇaśyati | tad api prāṇa-nāśe adhaḥpātaṃ na yāti | kutarka-karkaśa-vādino naitan manyerann iti śoka-śaṅkā-vyākulam arjunaṃ protsāhayati he kaunteya paṭahakāhalādi-mahā-ghoṣa-pūrvakaṃ vivadamānānāṃ sabhāṃ gatvā bāhum utkṣipya niḥśaṅkaṃ pratijānīhi pratijñāṃ kuru | katham ? me mama parameśvarasya bhakto durācāro 'pi na praṇeśyety api tu kṛtārtha eva bhavati | tataś ca te taṃ prauḍhi-vijṛmbhita-vidhvaṃsita-kutarkāḥ santo niḥsaṃśayaṃ tvām eva gurutvenāśrayeran iti svāmi-caraṇāḥ |

nanu kathaṃ bhagavān svayam apratijñāya pratijñātum arjunam evātidideśa | yathaivāgre mām evaiṣyasi satyaṃ te pratijāne priyo 'si me iti vakṣyate | tathaivātrāpi kaunteya pratijāne 'haṃ na me bhaktaḥ praṇaśyati iti kathaṃ noktam ? ucyate - bhagavatā tadānīm eva vicāritaṃ bhakta-vatsalena mayā sva-bhaktāpakarṣa-leśam apy asahiṣṇunā sva-pratijñāṃ khaṇḍayitvāpi svāpa-karṣam aṅgīkṛtyāpi bhakta-pratijñaiva rakṣitā bahutra | yathā tatraiva bhīṣma-yuddhe sva-pratijñām apy apākṛtya bhīṣma-pratijñaiva rakṣiṣyate, bahirmukhā vādino vaitaṇḍikā mat-pratijñāṃ śrutvā hasiṣyanti arjuna-pratijñā tu pāṣāṇa-rekhaiveti te pratiyanti | ato 'rjunam eva pratijñāṃ kārayāmīti | atra etādṛśa-durācārasyāpi ananya-bhakti-śravaṇād ananya-bhaktābhidhāyaka-vākyeṣu sarvatra na vidyate 'nyat-strī-putrādyāsakti-vidharma-śoka-moha-kāma-krodhādikaṃ yatreti kupaṇḍita-vyākhyā na grāhyeti ||31||

baladevaḥ -- iti | sudurācāro 'pi māṃ bhajan śīghraṃ dharma-citto bhavati | tataś ca śaśvac- chāntiṃ cittopaplavoparama-rūpāṃ parameśvara-niṣṭhāṃ nitarāṃ gacchati prāpnoti | kutarka-karkaśa-vādino naitātmanyerann iti śaṅkākulam arjunaṃ protsāhayati he kaunteya paṭahādi-mahā-ghoṣa-pūrvakaṃ vivadamānānāṃ sabhāṃ gatvā bāhum utkṣipya niḥśaṅkaṃ pratijānīhi pratijñāṃ kuru | katham ? me parameśvarasya bhaktaḥ sudurācāro 'pi na praṇaśyati | api tu kṛtārtha eva bhavatīti | tataś ca te tvat prauḍhi-vijṛmbha-vidhvaṃsita-kutarkāḥ santo niḥsaṃśayaṃ tvām eva gurutvenāśrayeran ||31||

__________________________________________________________

BhG 9.32

māṃ hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye 'pi syuḥ pāpayonayaḥ |
striyo vaiśyās tathā śūdrās te 'pi yānti parāṃ gatim ||32||

śrīdharaḥ - svācāra-bhraṣṭaṃ mad-bhaktiḥ pavitrīkarotīti kim atra citram ? yato mad-bhaktir duṣkulān apy anadhikāriṇo 'pi saṃsārān mocayatīty āha māṃ hīti | ye 'pi pāpa-yonayaḥ syur nikṛṣṭa-janmāno 'ntyajādayo bhaveyuḥ | ye 'pi vaiśyāḥ kevalaṃ kṛṣyādi-niratāḥ | striyaḥ śūdrāś cāpy adhyayanādi-rahitāḥ | te 'pi māṃ vyāpāśritya saṃsevya parāṃ gatiṃ yānti | hi niścitam ||32||

madhusūdanaḥ - evam āgantuka-doṣeṇa duṣṭānāṃ bhagavad-bhakti-prabhāvān nistāram uktvā svābhāvika-doṣeṇa duṣṭānām api tam āha māṃ hīti | hi niścitaṃ he pārtha māṃ vyapāścitya śaraṇam āgatya ye 'pi syuḥ pāpa-yonayo 'ntyajās tiryañco vā jāti-doṣeṇa duṣṭāḥ | tathī̀a vedādhyayanādi-śūnyatayā nikṛṣṭāḥ striyo vaiśyāḥ kṛṣyādi-mātra-ratāḥ | tathā śūdrā jātito 'dhyayanādy-abhāvena ca parama-gaty-ayogyās te 'pi yānti parāṃ gatim | api-śabdāt prāg-ukta-durācārā api ||32||

viśvanāthaḥ --- evaṃ karmaṇā durācārāṇām āgantukān doṣān mad-bhaktir na gaṇayati iti kiṃ citram ? yato jātyaiva durācārāṇāṃ svābhāvikān api doṣān mad-bhaktir na gaṇayatīty āha mām iti | pāpa-yonayo 'ntyajā mlecchā api | yad uktam-

kirāta-hūṇāndhra-pulinda-pulkaśā
ābhīra-śumbhā yavanāḥ khasādayaḥ |
ye 'nye ca pāpā yad-apāśrayāśrayāḥ
śudhyanti tasmai prabhaviṣṇave namaḥ || [BhP 2.4.18] iti |

aho bata śva-paco 'to garīyān
yaj-jihvāgre vartate nāma tubhyam |
tepus tapas te juhuvuḥ sasnur āryā
brahmānūcur nāma gṛṇanti ye te || [BhP 3.33.6-7]

kiṃ punaḥ strī-vaiśyādyā aśuddhy-alīkādimantaḥ ||32||

baladevaḥ - mahā-ghoṣa-pūrvakaṃ vivadamānānāṃ sabhāṃ gatvā bāhum utkṣipya niḥśaṅkaṃ pratijānīhi pratijñāṃ kuru sarveśvaro 'haṃ mad-ekāntināṃ āgantuka-doṣān vidhunomīti kiṃ citram ? yad atipāpino 'pi mad-bhakta-prasaṅgād vidhūtāvidyā vimucyanta ity āha māṃhīti | ye pāpa-yonayo 'ntyajāḥ sahaja-durācārāḥ syus te 'pi mad-bhakta-prasaṅgena māṃ sarveśaṃ vasudeva-sutaṃ vyapāśritya śaraṇam āgatya parāṃ yogi-durlabhāṃ gatiṃ mat-prāptiṃ yānti hi niścitam etat | evam āha śrīmān śukaḥ-

kirāta-hūṇāndhra-pulinda-pulkaśā
ābhīra-śumbhā yavanāḥ khasādayaḥ |
ye 'nye ca pāpā yad-apāśrayāśrayāḥ
śudhyanti tasmai prabhaviṣṇave namaḥ || [BhP 2.4.18] iti |

atrāsya lokasyānityatvaṃ kaṇṭhato bruvan harir mithyātvaṃ tasya nirāsāt ||32||


__________________________________________________________

BhG 9.33

kiṃ punar brāhmaṇāḥ puṇyā bhaktā rājarṣayas tathā |
anityam asukhaṃ lokam imaṃ prāpya bhajasva mām ||33||

śrīdharaḥ - yadaivaṃ tadā sat-kulāḥ sad-ācārāś ca mad-bhaktāḥ parāṃ gatiṃ yānti iti kiṃ vaktavyam ity āha kiṃ punar iti | puṇyāḥ sukṛtino brāhmaṇāḥ | tathā rājānaś ca ta ṛṣayaś ca kṣatriyāḥ | evaṃ bhūtāḥ parāṃ gatiṃ yāntīti kiṃ punar vaktavyam ity arthaḥ | atas tvam imaṃ rājarṣi-rūpaṃ dehaṃ prāpya labdhvā māṃ bhajasva | kiṃcānityam adhruvam asukhaṃ sukha-rahitaṃ cemaṃ martya-lokaṃ prāpya anityatvād vilambam akurvan asukhatvāc ca sukhārtham udyamaṃ hitvā mām eva bhajasvety arthaḥ ||33||

madhusūdanaḥ - evaṃ cet puṇyāḥ sadācārā uttama-yonayaś ca brāhmaṇās tathā rājarṣayaḥ sūkṣma-vastu-vivekinaḥ kṣatriyā mama bhaktāḥ parāṃ gatiṃ yāntīti kiṃ punar vācyam atra kasyacid api sandehābhāvād ity arthaḥ | yato mad-bhakter īdṛśo mahimāto mahatā pratnenemaṃ lokaṃ sarva-puruṣārtha-sādhana-yogyam atidurlabhaṃ ca mauṣya-deham anityam āśu-vināśinam asukhaṃ garbha-vāsādy-aneka-duḥkha-bahulaṃ labdhvā yāvad ayaṃ na naśyati tāvad atiśīghram eva bhajasva māṃ śaraṇam āśrayasva | anityatvād aukhatvāc cāsya vilambaṃ sukhārtham udyamaṃ ca mā kārṣīs tvaṃ ca rājarṣir ato mad-bhajanenātmānaṃ saphalaṃ kuru | anyathā hy etādṛśaṃ janma niṣphalam eva te syād ity arthaḥ ||33||

viśvanāthaḥ --- tato 'pi kiṃ punar brāhmaṇāḥ puṇyāḥ sat-kulāḥ sadācārāś ca ye bhaktāḥ | tasmāt tvaṃ māṃ bhajasva ||33||

baladevaḥ - kim iti | yady evaṃ tarhi brāhmaṇā rājarṣayaḥ kṣatriyāś ca sat-kulāḥ puṇyāḥ sad-ācāriṇo bhaktāḥ santaḥ parāṃ gatiṃ yāntīti kiṃ punar vācyam ? nāsty atra saṃśaya-leśo 'pi | tasmāt tvam api rājarṣir imaṃ lokaṃ prāpya māṃ bhajasva anityaṃ naśvaram asukham īṣat sukhaṃ vināśiny alpa-sukhe 'smin loke rājya-spṛhāṃ vihāya nityam anantānandaṃ mām upāsya prāpnuhīti tvarātra vyajyate | atrāsya lokasyānityatvaṃ kaṇṭhato bruvan harir mithyātvaṃ tasya nirāsāt ||33||

__________________________________________________________

BhG 9.34

man-manā bhava mad-bhakto mad-yājī māṃ namaskuru |
mām evaiṣyasi yuktvaivam ātmānaṃ mat-parāyaṇaḥ ||34||

śrīdharaḥ - bhajana-prakāraṃ daśrayann upasaṃharati man-manā iti | mayy eva mano yasya sa man-manāḥ tādṛśas tvaṃ bhava | tathā mamaiva bhaktaḥ sevako bhava | mad-yājī mat-pūjana-śīlo bhava | mām eva ca namaskuru | evam ebhiḥ prakārair mat-parāyaṇaḥ sann ātmānaṃ mano mayi yuktvā samādhāya mām eva paramānanda-rūpam eṣyasi prāpsyasi ||34||

nijam aiśvaryam āścaryaṃ bhakteś cādbhuta-vaibhavam |
navame rāja-guhyākhye kṛpayāvocad acyutaḥ ||

iti śrī-śrīdhara-svāmi-kṛtāyāṃ bhagavad-gītā-ṭīkāyāṃ subodhinyāṃ
rāja-vidyā-rāja-guhya-yogo nāma navamo 'dhyāyaḥ
||9||

madhusūdanaḥ - bhajana-prakāraṃ darśayann upasaṃharati man-manā bhaveti | rāja-bhaktasyāpi rāja-bhṛtyasya putrādau manas tathā sa tan-manā api na tad-bhakta ity ata uktaṃ man-manā bhava mad-bhakta iti | tathā mad-yājī mat-pūjana-śīlo māṃ namaskuru mano-vāk-kāyaiḥ | evam ebhiḥ prakārair mat-parāyaṇo mad-eka-śaraṇaḥ sann ātmānam antaḥkaraṇaṃ yuktvā mayi samādhāya mām eva paramānanda-ghanaṃ sva-prakāśaṃ sarvopadrava-śūnyam abhayam eṣyasi prāpsyasi ||34||

śrī-govinda-padāravinda-makarandāsvāda-śuddhāśayāḥ
saṃsārāmbudhim uttaranti sahasā paśyanti pūrṇaṃ mahaḥ |
vedāntair avadhārayanti paramaṃ śreyas tyajanti bhramaṃ
dvaitaṃ svapna-samaṃ vidanti vimalāṃ vindanti cānandatām ||

iti śrīmat-paramahaṃsa-parivrājakācārya-śrī-viśveśvara-sarasvatī-pāda-śiṣya-śrī-madhusūdana-sarasvatī-viracitāyāṃ śrīmad-bhagavad-gītā-gūḍhārtha-dīpikāyām adhikāri-bhedena rāja-vidyā-rāja-guhya-yogo nāma navamo 'dhyāyaḥ
||9||



viśvanāthaḥ --- bhajana-prakāraṃ darśayann upasaṃharati man-manā iti | evam ātmānaṃ mano dehaṃ ca yuktvā mayi niyojya ||34||

pātrāpātra-vicāritvaṃ sva-sparśāt sarva-śodhanam |
bhakter evātraitad asyāḥ rāja-guhyatvam īkṣyate ||
iti sārārtha-varṣiṇyāṃ harṣiṇyāṃ bhakta-cetasām |
gītāsu navamo 'dhyāyaḥ saṅgataḥ saṅgataḥ satām ||
||9||

baladevaḥ - atha pariniṣṭhitasyārjunasyābhīṣṭāṃ śuddhāṃ bhaktim upadiśann upasaṃharati man-manā iti | rāja-bhakto 'pi rāja-bhṛtyaḥ patnyādi-manās tathā sa tan-manā api na tad-bhakto bhavati | tvaṃ tu tad-vilakṣaṇa-bhāvena man-manā mad-bhakto bhava | mayi nīlotpala-śyāmalatvādi-guṇavati vasudeva-sūnau sva-svāmitva-sva-pumarthatva-buddhyānavacchinna-madhu-dhārāvat satataṃ mano yasya saḥ | tathā mad-yājī tādṛśasyātimātra-priyasya mamārcane nirato bhava | tādṛśaṃ mām atipremṇā namaskuru daṇḍavat praṇama | evam ātmānaṃ mano dehaṃ ca yuktā mayi nivedya mat-parāyaṇo mad-ekāśrayaḥ san mām upaiṣyasi | eṣā bhaktir arpitaiva kriyeteti bodhyam ||34||

pātrāpātra-dhiyā śūnyā sparśāt sarvāgha-nāśinī |
gaṅgeva bhaktir eveti rāja-guhyam iha smṛtā ||

iti śrīmad-bhagavad-gītopaniṣad-bhāṣye navamo 'dhyāyaḥ
||9||

[*ENDNOTE] tam ekaṃ govindaṃ sac-cid-ānanda-vigraham pañca-padaṃ vṛndāvana-sura-bhūruha-talāsīnaṃ satataṃ sa-marud-gaṇo 'haṃ paramayā stutyā toṣayāmi |